Leducq Foundation

The Leducq Foundation (aka Fondation Leducq) is a private foundation based in Paris, France. Its mission is to improve human health through international efforts to combat cardiovascular and neurovascular disease.

The foundation’s principal grant program, the Transatlantic Networks of Excellence for Cardiovascular and Neurovascular Research, promotes internationally collaborative basic and translational research. Scientists supported under this program work together to further the knowledge of cardiovascular and neurovascular disease with an aim towards improving outcomes for patients. Originally limited to investigators from Europe and North America, the Transatlantic Networks Program is, as of 2011, open to cardiovascular and neurovascular scientists worldwide.

The Fondation Leducq is constituted according to French law, having a self-perpetuating Board of Directors made up of nine members, and an observer appointed by the Minister of the Interior. Responsibility for evaluating the scientific merit of all funding requests made to the foundation lies with the Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC), which is composed equally of North American and European members who are experts in cardiology, cardiac surgery, and neurovascular medicine.

As of 2015, the Fondation Leducq has distributed or committed more than $300 million to support cardiovascular and neurovascular research. The majority of the foundation’s expenditures have been for the Transatlantic Network Program, which has made 43 awards to hundreds of researchers in 18 countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Mexico, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States.

History

Jean Leducq was a French entrepreneur who over the course of 50 years built a successful international business in Europe and North America around the supply and care of linens and uniforms. Shortly before the sale of this business, which included the group ELIS in France, Jean, with his wife Sylviane, created the French Fondation Leducq, which was officially recognized by the French government in November 1996.[1][2]

After Jean Leducq died in 2002, Sylviane Leducq carried on the work of the foundation as President of the Board of Directors. She oversaw the implementation of the Transatlantic Networks Program, and the development of the venture philanthropy program Broadview Ventures, Inc. In 2009, Sylviane Leducq was awarded the French Légion d’Honneur in recognition of her generosity and leadership of the foundation.[3] Her work helped to assure that, following her death in 2013, the foundation would continue to remain true to its mission in cardiovascular and neurovascular research.

Science

Research projects currently funded by the Leducq Foundation span the major areas of cardiovascular and neurovascular disease, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, valvular heart disease and congenital heart disease.

Recently, Leducq researchers have played prominent roles in the identification and characterization of cardiac stem cells,[4][5] and in the demonstration of the clinical utility of remote ischemic preconditioning in patients with acute myocardial infarction.[6] Leducq network investigators have contributed to the understanding of vascular malformations and hemorrhagic stroke,[7] identified Calcium Calmodulin Kinase II as a critical node in signaling pathways in atrial fibrillation and heart failure,[8][9] assessed the pathophysiological role and therapeutic potential of microRNAs in heart disease,[10] provided new models of mitral valve disease,[11] and implicated pericytes in the persistence of diminished in blood flow following a stroke.[12]

Structure

The bequest from the Leducq family includes the Napa Valley, California, vineyard Ehlers Estate, which supports the foundation’s philanthropic mission.[13] In 2008, the trust of the Leducq Foundation created a new company, Broadview Ventures, Inc., with an aim to accelerate the development of early-stage technology for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular and neurovascular disease through targeted investment. Although associated with the Leducq Foundation, with which it shares an overlap of mission and philosophy, Broadview Ventures is constituted as an independent, for-profit corporation on a venture philanthropy model. Profits from this company must be used for further targeted investment through Broadview Ventures, or for Leducq Foundation grant funding. Broadview Ventures is designed to help overcome the problem of the so-called "translation gap," where very early-stage companies find that their research is too advanced for traditional academic funding, but not sufficiently developed to attract conventional venture capital or other early-stage investment. As of 2015, Broadview Ventures has made 22 early-stage investments in diagnostics, therapeutics, devices, and regenerative medicine technology relating to cardiovascular and neurovascular disease.

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References
  1. Tancredi, D. 2006. Critical issues in cardiovascular research, Journal of the American College of Cardiology 48(9) Suppl A, preface.
  2. Tancredi, D; Braunwald, E (2014). "Fondation Leducq". Circulation Research. 115: 419–422. doi:10.1161/circresaha.115.304626.
  3. Ch. D. (January 2, 2009). "Légion d’Honneur : la promotion du Nouvel an" (http://www.lefigaro.com/actualite-france/2009/01/01/01016-20090101ARTFIG00317-legion-d-honneur-la-promotion-du-nouvel-an-.php). Le Figaro, in French.
  4. Kang, E.; et al. (2014). "Nuclear reprogramming by interphase cytoplasm of 2-cell mouse embryos". Nature. 509 (7498): 101–4. doi:10.1038/nature13134. PMC 4124901. PMID 24670652.
  5. Matsa, E. Burridge PW; Wu, JC. (2014). "Human stem cells for modeling heart disease and for drug discovery". Sci. Transl. Med. 6 (239): 239ps6. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3008921. PMC 4215696. PMID 24898747.
  6. Heusch, G; et al. (2015). "Remote Ischemic Conditioning". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 65 (2): 177–195. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.10.031. PMC 4297315. PMID 25593060.
  7. Boulday, G; et al. (Aug 2011). "Developmental timing of CCM2 loss influences cerebral cavernous malformations in mice". Journal of Experimental Medicine. 208 (9): 1835–47. doi:10.1084/jem.20110571. PMC 3171098. PMID 21859843.
  8. Anderson, M; et al. (2011). "CaMKII in myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure". Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology. 51: 468–473. doi:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2011.01.012. PMC 3158288. PMID 21276796.
  9. Purohit, A; Rokita, AG; Guan, X; Chen, B; Koval, OM; Voigt, N; Neef, S; Sowa, T; Gao, Z; Luczak, ED; Stefansdottir, H; Behunin, AC; Li, N; El-Accaoui, RN; Yang, B; Swaminathan, PD; Weiss, RM; Wehrens, XH; Song, LS; Dobrev, D; Maier, LS; Anderson, ME (Oct 2013). "Oxidized Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II triggers atrial fibrillation". Circulation. 128: 1748–57. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003313. PMC 3876034. PMID 24030498.
  10. Olson, E.N. (2014). "MicroRNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease". Sci. Transl. Med. 6: 239ps3. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3009008. PMC 4279862. PMID 24898744.
  11. Sauls, K; et al. (Oct 2012). "Developmental basis for filamin-A-associated myxomatous mitral valve disease". Cardiovasc. Res. 96 (1): 109–19. doi:10.1093/cvr/cvs238. PMC 3444235. PMID 22843703.
  12. Hall, C.; et al. (Apr 2014). "Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease" (PDF). Nature. 508 (7494): 55–60. doi:10.1038/nature13165. PMC 3976267. PMID 24670647.
  13. Garbee K. (July 29, 2008). "Ghost wineries of Napa Valley offer a taste of the past." (http://travel.latimes.com/articles/la-tr-ghostwineries3-2008aug03?page=1). LA Times.
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