Langeria

Langeria is an extinct genus of flowering plants in the family Hamamelidaceae, commonly known as the witch-hazel family,[1] containing the solitary species Langeria magnifica. The species is known from fossil leaves found in the early Eocene deposits of northern Washington state, United States and similar aged formations in British Columbia, Canada.[2]

Langeria
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Order:	Saxifragales
Family:	Hamamelidaceae
Genus:	†Langeria
Species:	†L. magnifica
Binomial name
†Langeria magnifica Wolfe & Wehr

History and classification

Langeria magnifica has been identified from a series of locations ranging from the Klondike Mountain Formation near Republic, Washington[3] north. At least three locations in British Columbia have Langeria fossils, including the Quilchena locality near Merritt, the McAbee Fossil Beds near Kamloops, and the Joseph Creek site near Chu Chua. Generally speaking, the age for the locations is Early Eocene, with the sites that have current Uranium-lead or Argon–argon radiometric dates being of Ypresian age, while the undated sites and sites with less current dating being possibly slightly younger and Lutetian in age.[4]

Langeria magnifica was described from a series of type specimens, the actual holotype specimen being UW 39713, in the paleobotanical collections of Burke Museum, University of Washington, and its counterpart being UCMP 9273, currently preserved in the University of California Museum of Paleontology. An additional eight leaves from both the Burke Museum and UC Museum of Paleontology were designated paratypes specimens. Working from those specimens, collected in the Republic, Washington area in the early 1980s, the fossils were studied by Jack A. Wolfe of the University of California and Wesley C. Wehr of the Burke Museum.[3] They published their 1987 type description for the genus and species in a United States Geological Survey monograph on the North Eastern Washington dicot fossils. The genus name Langeria is a matronym honoring the American philosopher of mind, Susanne K. Langer, who influenced the analysis and organization of scientific data.[3] The specific epithet magnifica would imply "magnificently large". Wolfe and Wehr note that the extinct species "Fortunearia" weedi is distinctly similar to Langeria magnifica and might turn out to be congeneric.[3]

Description

The simple leaves of Langeria magnifica are generally pinnate in venation with an overall ovate to elliptical shape and an apex that is notably pointed. The petiole can reach lengths of up to 6 cm (2.4 in) The margin of the leaf has evenly spaced, distinct hook-shaped teeth with rounded sinuses separating them.[3] The teeth are entered by a secondary vein or by a veinlet from the loop of a secondary vein. The primary vein has between ten and twelve secondary veins diverging from it at low angles toward the apex and getting higher in angle towards the base. The simple or forking tertiary veins diverge from the 0.3–0.5 cm (0.12–0.20 in) apart, and the quaternary ones form a coarse reticulated pattern surrounding the areoles.[3]

References

1. Ludvigsen, Rolf (2011). Life in Stone: A Natural History of British Columbia's Fossils. UBC Press. p. 243. ISBN 978-0774841511.
2. Dillhoff, R.M.; Leopold, E.B.; Manchester, S.R. (2005). "The McAbee flora of British Columbia and its relations to the Early-Middle Eocene Okanagan Highlands flora of the Pacific Northwest". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 42 (2): 151–166. doi:10.1139/e04-084.
3. Wolfe, J.A.; Wehr, W.C. (1987). "Middle Eocene dicotyledonous plants from Republic, northeastern Washington". United States Geological Survey Bulletin. 1597: 1–25.
4. Greenwood, D.R.; Archibald, S.B.; Mathewes, R.W; Moss, P.T. (2005). "Fossil biotas from the Okanagan Highlands, southern British Columbia and northeastern Washington State: climates and ecosystems across an Eocene landscape". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 42 (2): 167–185. doi:10.1139/E04-100.