L'Oceanogràfic

L'Oceanogràfic (Valencian: [loseˌanoˈɣɾafik]; Spanish: El Oceanográfico [el oˌθe.anoˈɣɾafiko], "The Oceanographic") is an oceanarium situated on the dry Turia River bed to the southeast of the city center of Valencia, Spain, where different marine habitats are represented. It was designed by the architect Félix Candela and the structural engineers Alberto Domingo and Carlos Lázaro. It is integrated inside the cultural complex known as the Ciutat de les Arts i de les Ciències (City of Arts and Sciences). It was opened on 14 February 2003.

L'Oceanogràfic
Entrance to the marine complex
Date opened14 February 2003
LocationValencia, Spain
Coordinates39.45279°N 0.34812°W / 39.45279; -0.34812
Land area110,000 square metres (1,200,000 sq ft)[1]
No. of animals4,500
No. of species500
Total volume of tanks42,000,000 litres (11,000,000 US gal)[1]
OwnerParques Reunidos
Websitewww.oceanografic.org

General information
The underwater restaurant
Sand tiger sharks in the ocean tank
Mediterranean seagrass aquarium
A beluga in the arctic tank

The Oceanographic is the largest complex of its type in Europe, spanning 110,000 square metres (1,200,000 sq ft) and holding a capacity of 42,000,000 litres (11,000,000 US gal) of water,[1] including a 26,000,000-litre (6,900,000 US gal) dolphinarium and a 7,000,000-litre (1,800,000 US gal) ocean tank with sharks, rays and other fish.[1] It is home to 45,000 animals from 500 different species—including sharks, penguins, dolphins, sea lions, walruses, beluga whales, birds, reptiles and invertebrate—all inhabiting nine two-tiered underwater towers representing the Earth's major ecosystems. The aquariums utilize sea water pumped from the La Malva-Rosa beach.

The park is divided into ten areas: the marine areas are arranged into Mediterranean habitats, the Arctic oceans, islands, the tropics, the temperate seas and the Red Sea. The park also includes a dolphinarium, an area of mangrove swamps and marshland, and a garden with more than 80 different species of plants.

Design and operation
Candela's thin-shell roofs at L'Oceanogràfic (2019)

The steel-fiber reinforced concrete thin-shell structure was designed by renown architect Félix Candela, at age 87 in 1997, and structural engineers Alberto Domingo and Carlos Lázaro.[2][3] The distinctive hyperbolic parabola (hypars) shape of the roof is reminiscent of the Los Manantiales Restaurant in Mexico City, which Candela designed in 1958.[4]

The Oceanographic is currently operated in partnership with the Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Transportation

L'Oceanogràfic can be reached via Metro, disembark at Alameda Station or through bus number 15, 25 and 95.

Articles and other references
  1. L'Oceanogràfic: Know. Retrieved 24 December 2013
  2. "L'Oceanogràfic - Restaurant". structurae.net. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
  3. "L'Oceanogràfic - Access Building". structurae.net. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
  4. Miller, Michelle (April 14, 2014). "AD Classics: Los Manantiales / Felix Candela". archdaily.com. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
gollark: It's `usbutils`, no hyphen.
gollark: `usb-utils` or something.
gollark: I have no idea.
gollark: `lsusb`
gollark: Does it appear as a USB device whatsoever?

See also
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