Lê Văn Hưng

For the footballer, see Lê Văn Hưng (footballer).

In this Vietnamese name, the family name is Lê, but is often simplified to Le in English-language text. According to Vietnamese custom, this person should properly be referred to by the given name Hung.

Lê Văn Hưng
Born	(1933-03-27)March 27, 1933 Hóc Môn, South Vietnam
Died	April 30, 1975(1975-04-30) (aged 42) Cần Thơ, South Vietnam
Allegiance	State of Vietnam  South Vietnam
Service/branch	Vietnamese National Army  Army of the Republic of Vietnam
Years of service	1955–1975
Rank	Brigadier General (Chuẩn Tướng)
Commands held	2nd Battalion 31st Infantry Regiment (1966-1969) 5th Infantry Division (1971-1972) MR3 Deputy Commander (Military Region 3) (1972) 21st Infantry Division (1973) IV Corps Deputy Commander (1974-1975)
Battles/wars	Vietnam War
Relations	Nguyễn Xuân Mai(first wife) Phạm Thị Kim Hòang (second wife) Lê Ánh Tuyết (Daughter) Lê Quốc Hải (Son) Lê Thiên Hà (Daughter)
Other work	Minister Phong Dinh Province (1970)

Early Years

Lê Văn Hưng (27 March 1933 – 30 April 1975) was born in Hóc Môn, in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Raised by his widowed mother, Cụ Trương Thị Đức, and stepfather, Trần Văn Kiển. He attended Huỳnh Khương Ninh High School and graduated in 1952. He later worked for a French company in Saigon.

Military career

He enlisted in 1954 and graduated from Thủ Đức Military Academy, 5th class, on February 1 1955 with the rank of Second Leuitenant. He held many commands in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) from company to battalion level.

In early 1957 he was promoted to full lieutenant, and assigned as captain of the 13th Batallion. In mid-1959, he was transferred to the 31st Regiment of the 21st Infantry Division to hold the 2nd position of the Regiment 2. In early 1961, he was seconded to the field of Administration to be the Chief of Vinh Binh Police Company. In mid-1962, he was appointed to the position of Mayor of Tra On District in Vinh Binh Province. In February 1964, he was promoted to captain, and in December of the same year, he was assigned to the 2nd Battalion Commander. At the end of 1966, he was assigned to the position of Regiment Commander of the Regiment 31.

In the middle of July 1970, he was once again seconded to Military Administration. He was appointed as Governor and Chief of Phong Dinh sub-region (now Can Tho City) to replace the deceased Colonel Nguyễn Văn Khương, whom had fallen in battle. He was promoted Brigadier General). In the middle of June, 1971, he was ordered to hand over the position of the Governor-General of Phong Dinh Sub-division to Colonel Chương Dzềnh Quay (former Commander of the 21st Infantry Division). He was then assigned to the position of 5th Infantry Division Commander, replacing Major General Nguyễn Văn Hiếu and transferred to III Corps Command as Deputy Corps Commander.

Hưng was perhaps best known as the "Hero of An Lộc" in 1972 when he commanded the 5th Division in defense of the city of An Lộc from the coordinated attacks of the North Vietnamese People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) forces in the Battle of An Lộc.

In April 1971 Hưng was appointed to take over the battered 5th Division from General Nguyễn Văn Hiếu. General Hiếu's forces had been badly handled during the Battle of Snuol, and his troops, according to II Field Force, Vietnam commander Michael S. Davison, were close to mutiny. Unfortunately, Hưng was the one ARVN officer whose candidacy American advisers had specifically recommended against.[1]^:478

Living in a tiny underground bunker for almost three months, Hưng commanded soldiers of the 5th Division, the 81st Airborne Ranger Battalion, the 11th Airborne Brigade, the 21st Division and the Provincial Forces of Bình Long Province. His forces repelled countless waves of attack by the PAVN infantry, supported by T-54 tanks. Hưng vowed, "If I’m still alive, An Lộc still stands." His strong determination to hold An Lộc at any cost, and the fighting spirit of the ARVN soldiers, kept An Lộc from falling into PAVN hands.

However US advisers reported that Hưng "choked" and "didn't do a damn thing"; and threatened (privately) to shoot his deputy division commander at An Lộc.[1]^:485 According to Brig. Gen. John R. McGiffert II, An Lộc would never have held out without the handful of American advisers directing the air strikes and shoring up the local leadership.'" Some of the few South Vietnamese leaders to stand out were Col. Le Quang Luong, an airborne brigade commander, and Col. Tran Van Nhut, the local province chief. Following the heavy fighting, Thieu replaced almost all of the division commanders in the zone with Hưng being replaced by an Airborne officer, but promoted to be deputy III Corps commander.[1]^:486

Hưng was promoted to General in the field; and later commanded the 21st Division before becoming Deputy Commander of the 4th Military Region (MR4).

When the PAVN made their "Hồ Chí Minh Campaign" final assault on South Vietnam in April 1975, before listening to the capitulation order of President Dương Văn Minh, General Hung planned a secret operation to send remaining ARVN soldiers and officers at jungles and military bases that would continue counterattack against VC units after Fall of Sagion. There he and his soldiers follow orders by the colonel to execute the location of secret delta places on long-term strategic resistance against VC for few months until PAVN/VC declare a ceasefire hoping a new South Vietnam country at Mekong Delta.[2] Unfortunately, the colonel and the captain who planned to execute the order of secret operation escaped to sea shortly after President Minh surrender. Both ARVN generals in Can Tho were seriously concerned the future of Can Tho after RVN government dissolved. ARVN soldiers in Can Tho start to disband when no order was made to secret places in Mekong Region. VC captured several districts across Mekong Delta. Both ARVN generals decided not to counterattack in Can Tho realized the VC will shelled bombarded heavily in Can Tho.

Death

On the morning of April 30th he received word that Dương Văn Minh had ordered the South Vietnamese army to surrender. At 8 P.M, General Hưng gathered his headquarters staff, ARVN soldiers, and family to say goodbye. He was unable to fight to the death because the townspeople of Cần Thơ had begged him not to resist, believing that it would cause futile bloodshed, and Hưng was one of five ARVN generals who committed suicide that day. Hưng shot himself in the chest with his pistol at his residence. Before ending his life he said "I was willing to choose death, if the general could not keep the country, could not protect the city, he had to die according to the city. "The IV Corps was shortly handed over to VC after the death of Le Van Hung. His commander, Major General Nguyễn Khoa Nam, committed suicide on the early morning of 1 May 1975. Both were buried in Can Tho military cemetery.

Personal life

Lê Văn Hưng was first married to Nguyễn Xuân Mai whom gave birth daughter, Lê Ánh Tuyết. They later divorced. His second wife Phạm Thị Kim Hoàng, gave birth to his second daughter,Lê Thiên Hà, and son Lê Quốc Hải. [3] After General Hung's suicide, Hung's wife, Phạm Thị Kim Hoàng, and her children moved from Can Tho to Saigon. After struggling with daily living in Saigon, Hoàng and her children fled by boat to Philippines and later immigrated to United States.

Quotes

• I received the president's orders very clearly, and if I didn't keep An Lộc, I would die according to An Lộc.
• As long as I have, An Lộc remains.

References

Tran Ngoc Thong, Ho Dac Huan and Le Dinh Thuy (2011). A History of the Republic of Vietnam Army.

1. Clarke, Jeffrey (1998). The U.S. Army in Vietnam Advice and Support: The Final Years, 1965-1973 (PDF). U.S. Army Center of Military History. ISBN 978-1518612619. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
2. "Holdouts". War Never Dies. Retrieved 2019-03-31.
3. / "The Final Day of My Husband's Life" Archived 2013-07-07 at the Wayback Machine Phạm Thị Kim Hoàng (General Le van Hung's wife)

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