Klim Churyumov

Klim Ivanovich Churyumov (Ukrainian: Клим Іва́нович Чурю́мов, Russian: Клим Ива́нович Чурю́мов) (19 February 1937 – 14 October 2016) was a Soviet and Ukrainian astronomer.[1]

Klim Churyumov
Churyumov in 2014
Born
Klim Ivanovich Churyumov

(1937-02-19)19 February 1937
Mykolaiv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union
Died14 October 2016(2016-10-14) (aged 79)
Kharkiv, Ukraine
CitizenshipSoviet Union → Ukraine
Alma materTaras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Known forresearch in physics of comets and the cosmogony of the solar system, discovery of two comets.
AwardsOrder of Merit
Scientific career
FieldsAstronomy

Director of the Kiev Planetarium, member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the International Astronomical Union,[2] of the New York Academy of Sciences, editor of the magazine "Our Skies" (Ukrainian: Наше Небо) in 2006-2009, president of the Ukrainian Society of amateur astronomy and author of books for children.

In 1969 he discovered, with Svetlana Gerasimenko, the comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko; on 12 November 2014 the Rosetta[3] space mission landed its Philae spacecraft on its surface.

Biography

He was the fourth of eight children of Ivan Ivanivich Churyumov and Antonina Mikhailovna Churyumova (b. 1907). His father was declared dead during World War II in 1942.[4]

In 1949 Churyumov's family moved from Nikolayev to Kiev. After seventh grade, he entered the Kiev Railway College, graduating with honors in 1955. He received a recommendation for admission to higher education.

He entered the Physics Department of Kiev State University. During his third year of study, he was disappointed to be assigned to the faculty of optics, instead of theoretical physics. However, he continued to attend lectures on theoretical physics, even though the authorities disapproved, and he was eventually moved to the faculty of astronomy, where there were vacant places.[3]

After his graduation in 1960, he was sent to the polar geophysical station at Tiksi Bay in the Yakut ASSR. There he studied the aurora, earth currents and ionosphere.

In 1962, he returned to Kiev and went to work at the plant "Arsenal", where he participated in the development of optical components for the Soviet military and space programs.[5]

After finishing postgraduate studies at Kiev State University (specialty "astrophysics", under supervision of professor Sergej Vsekhsvyatskij), he continued working as Fellow at the Department of Astronomy at university.

As part of his work he observed the comets at the astronomical observatory of Kiev University in the village Lisniki (in Kiev Oblast) as well during astronomical expeditions in the highlands of Central Asia, the Caucasus, Siberia, the Primorsky Krai, in Chukotka and Kamchatka.

In 1969 the University equipped an expedition of three people, including Churyumov and Svetlana Gerasimenko, for surveillance of periodic comets in Alma-Ata astrophysical observatory (now named after Vasily Fesenkov).

In 1972 he defended his first post-graduate scientific degree with thesis "Studies of comets Ikeya-Seki (1967n), Honda (1968c), Tago-Sato-Kosaka (1969g) and new periodic comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko from photographic observations."[6]

In 1993 he defended his doctoral thesis on "Evolutionary physical processes in comets" at the Institute of Space Research, RAS (Moscow).

Beginning in 1998 Churyumov was a professor at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv.

In January 2004 he was appointed as director of the educational center Kiev Planetarium.

Churyumov died in the night of 13-14 October 2016 in hospital in Kharkiv.[7]

Honors

Awards

Named after him

  • Periodic comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
  • Non-periodic comet C/1986 N1 Churyumov–Solodovnikov[8]
  • Asteroid 2627 Churyumov
  • Minor planet 3942 Churivannia was found and named by Nikolai Chernykh after the two Ivan Ivanovich Churyumovs, Klim Churyumov's brother and father[9]
  • Minor planet 6646 Churanta was found and named by Eleanor F. Helin after Churyumov's mother.[10]

References and notes
  1. "I always repeat that I am Ukrainian. For me this is a fundamental question... I was very hurt when I called Russian or Soviet scientists", (in Ukrainian) Клим ЧУРЮМОВ: «Ми зоряні люди і повинні дотримуватися законів всесвіту»
  2. "Klim Ivanovich Churyumov". International Astronomical Union. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
  3. "Klim Churyumov - co-discoverer of comet 67P". European Space Agency. 20 October 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
  4. Информация из приказа об исключении из списков [Information from the official order for those delisted]. obd-memorial.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 16 October 2016.
  5. Melnyk, YE. (2014). Клим Чурюмов: Життя в загадковому світі космічних світил [Klim Churyumov: Life in the enigmatic world of cosmic bodies] (in Ukrainian). newspaper.univ.kiev.ua. Archived from the original on 13 November 2014.
  6. Чурюмов К.И. (1972). "Исследование комет Икейя–Секи (1967n), Хонда (1968с), Таго–Сато–Косака (1969g) и новой короткопериодической кометы Чурюмова–Герасименко (1969h) на основе фотографических наблюдений: Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата физико-математических наук". Астрометрия и Астрофизика (in Russian). 16: 51–61.
  7. Пирлік, Григорій (15 October 2015). Яким був видатний астроном Клим Чурюмов? Своїми спогадами про Клима Чурюмова ділиться Ярослав Яцків, президент Української астрономічної асоціації [Who was famous astronomer Klym Churyumov] (in Ukrainian). Hromadske Radio. Archived from the original on 18 October 2016. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
  8. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: C/1986 N1 (Churyumov-Solodovnikov". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
  9. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 3942 Churivannia (1977 RH7)". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
  10. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 6646 Churanta (1991 CA3)". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
gollark: There are a bunch of annoying questions which I could resolve much more easily with information from future versions of me, except I *also* probably need access to the counterfactuals somehow.
gollark: Oh, I assumed you were analogizing the random future things to a giftcard, but great?
gollark: You have a good point, giftcard bad.
gollark: If it can conveniently be brought back and doesn't rely on difficult future infrastructure, I suppose.
gollark: Oh yes, right, that.
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