Kate Watkins

Kathryn Emma Watkins is an experimental psychologist in the Wellcome Trust centre for integrative neuroimaging at the University of Oxford and a tutorial fellow at St Anne's College, Oxford.[2] Her research investigates the brain processes that underlie speech, language and development.[1]

Kate Watkins
Born
Kathryn Emma Watkins
Alma materUniversity of Cambridge (BA)
University College London (MSc, PhD)
Scientific career
FieldsSpeech
Language
Development disorders
Sensorimotor interactions[1]
InstitutionsUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health
University of Oxford
Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital
ThesisNeuropsychological and neuroimaging investigations of an inherited disorder of speech and language (1999)
Doctoral advisorFaraneh Vargha-Khadem
Websitewww.psy.ox.ac.uk/team/kate-watkins

Early life and education

Watkins was educated at the University of Cambridge where she studied the Natural Sciences Tripos as a student of Christ's College, Cambridge.[3] She completed postgraduate research and study in neuropsychology at the UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health.[4] For her PhD[5] in neuropsychology she used structural image analysis to study the KE family, who have a severe motor speech disorder and a mutation in the FOXP2 gene.[6] She worked with Faraneh Vargha-Khadem and David Gadian.[7]

Career and research

Watkins was a postdoctoral researcher with Tomas Paus in the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital. Here she used Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), a method of stimulating the brain, in combination with electromyography (EMG) recordings of the lip and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to identify the role of the motor cortex in speech perception.[7] She also worked alongside Brenda Milner.[8]

Watkins was appointed to the University of Oxford Functional MRI of the Brain (RMRIB) centre in 2003. She began to lecture experimental psychology at St Anne's College, Oxford in 2006. Watkins established the University of Oxford speech and brain research group, which uses neuroimaging and neurostimulation to monitor the sensorimotor interactions required for speech.[7] Watkins uses cognitive neuroscience to investigate speech and language development. She is particularly interested in people who have stuttering, developmental verbal dyspraxia and aphasia.[9] She has demonstrated that there are small differences in the brain activity of people who do and don't stutter, with more activity in the right hemisphere.[10][11]

She completed a randomized controlled trial that demonstrated that transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) can be used to enhance fluency in people who stutter. tDCS involves passing a small current through the brain, and could be used in combination with speech training to make more permanent improvements to fluency.[10] It increases the firing rate of neurons in brain regions that Watkins has identified as important in speech disorder.[10] She combines magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) to measure brain activity as well as the activity from the muscles responsible for producing speech.[12]

Selected publications

Her publications[2][1] include:

  • Tract-based spatial statistics: Voxelwise analysis of multi-subject diffusion data[13]
  • Correspondence of the brain's functional architecture during activation and rest[14]
  • Differential Effects of Early Hippocampal Pathology on Episodic and Semantic Memory[15]
  • Seeing and hearing speech excites the motor system involved in speech production[16]


Watkins serves as the editor-in-chief of the open access journal Neurobiology of Language.[17]

gollark: I'd expect so.
gollark: t!daily
gollark: What, really? Weird. What is this *based* on?
gollark: t!top
gollark: curse the accursed rate limit

References
  1. Kate Watkins publications indexed by Google Scholar
  2. Kate Watkins publications from Europe PubMed Central
  3. Kate Watkin's ORCID 0000-0002-2621-482X
  4. "Kate Watkins — Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience". psy.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 2019-08-03.
  5. Watkins, Kathryn Emma (1999). Neuropsychological and neuroimaging investigations of an inherited disorder of speech and language. london.ac.uk (PhD thesis). University College London (University of London). OCLC 1006195690. EThOS uk.bl.ethos.368074.
  6. "KE Family - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics". sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 2019-08-03.
  7. "Professor Kate Watkins". brainbox-initiative.com. Brainbox Initiative. Retrieved 2019-08-03.
  8. Klein, Denise; Watkins, Kate E. (2018). "Brenda Milner on her 100th birthday: a lifetime of 'good ideas'". Brain. 141 (8): 2527–2532. doi:10.1093/brain/awy186. ISSN 0006-8950. PMID 29992281.
  9. "Kate Watkins – StutterTalk: Changing how you think about stuttering". stuttertalk.com. Retrieved 2019-08-03.
  10. Devlin, Hannah (2019). "Electrical stimulation of brain trialled as aid to treating stutter". theguardian.com. The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-08-03.
  11. "Differences in the Brains of People Who Stutter". stutteringhelp.org. Stuttering Foundation.
  12. "INSTEP TRIAL". insteptrial.wordpress.com. Retrieved 2019-08-03.
  13. Smith, Stephen M.; Jenkinson, Mark; Johansen-Berg, Heidi; Rueckert, Daniel; Nichols, Thomas E.; Mackay, Clare E.; Watkins, Kate E.; Ciccarelli, Olga; Cader, M. Zaheer; Matthews, Paul M.; Behrens, Timothy E.J. (2006). "Tract-based spatial statistics: Voxelwise analysis of multi-subject diffusion data". NeuroImage. 31 (4): 1487–1505. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.02.024. ISSN 1053-8119. PMID 16624579.
  14. Smith, S. M.; Fox, P. T.; Miller, K. L.; Glahn, D. C.; Fox, P. M.; Mackay, C. E.; Filippini, N.; Watkins, K. E.; Toro, R.; Laird, A. R.; Beckmann, C. F. (2009). "Correspondence of the brain's functional architecture during activation and rest". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (31): 13040–13045. doi:10.1073/pnas.0905267106. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2722273. PMID 19620724.
  15. Vargha-Khadem, F.; Gadian, D. G.; Watkins, K. E.; Connelly, A.; Van Paesschen, W.; Mishkin, M. (1997). "Differential Effects of Early Hippocampal Pathology on Episodic and Semantic Memory". Science. 277 (5324): 376–380. doi:10.1126/science.277.5324.376. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 9219696.
  16. Watkins, K.E.; Strafella, A.P.; Paus, T. (2003). "Seeing and hearing speech excites the motor system involved in speech production". Neuropsychologia. 41 (8): 989–994. doi:10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00316-0. ISSN 0028-3932. PMID 12667534.
  17. "Neurobiology of Language : Steven L. Small and Kate E. Watkins, Editors-in-Chief". mitpressjournals.org. Retrieved 2019-08-03.
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