Kalnciems

Kalnciems (pronunciation ) is a village in Jelgava Municipality, Latvia. Located on the left bank of the Lielupe, 5 km south of the A9 motorway. Distance to Jelgava 24 km, to Riga - 49 km. Because of the dolomite and clay mines - in Kalnciems developed a big building materials industry center next to the Lielupe's waterway and by the end of the 19th century, the finished products were transported to Riga for its new buildings.

Kalnciems
Village
Church in Kalnciems
Flag Coat of arms
Kalnciems Location in Latvia
Coordinates: 56°50′N 23°35′E
Country	Latvia
Municipality	Jelgava Municipality
Parish	Kalnciems Parish
Town rights	1991
Lost town rights	2010
Area
• Total	22.7 km^2 (8.8 sq mi)
Elevation	2.9 m (9.5 ft)
Population
• Total	2,548
• Density	112/km^2 (290/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code	LV-3016
Calling code	+371 630

It had town rights from 1991 to 2010. The nearby Kalnciems Meadows is a natural habitat for fauna such as the corn crake, spotted crake, and black-tailed godwit.[1]

Name

The name comes from the Kalnciem's Manor House (Kalnzeem), which was first mentioned in the 16th century and the master's house was located on the opposite bank of the Lielupe - present-day Tīreļi, Valgunde's parish. In 1690, in the manor family born Ernst Johann von Biron who later became the Duke of Courland and Semigallia and a regent of the Russian Empire.[2]

History

The locality at the present site was formed at the end of the 19th century when here was the largest Latvian clay bricks plant. In 1882, an entrepreneur and the mayor of Riga George Armitstead build first Hoffmann kiln for brick burning in Kalnciems. The largest brick factories until the First World War belonged to Nesterov, Krišjānis Ķergalvis and Peteris Radziņš. During the Russian-Japanese war, part of the brickwork was closed due to the construction stoppage, moreover, during the First World War, major battles were taking place near Kalnciems and most of the factories were destroyed.

However, in 1924 joint stock company "Ķieģelis un kūdra" ("Brick and peat") was established, as well as, Kalnciems' school. According to 1931 data in Kalnciems there was following companies - J. Šteiners Brick Factory, Smilgu lime kiln, J. Kleinberg lime kiln, H. Ronesal lime klin, Godmanis and Kroegers lime kiln, Stiļļa lime klin and joint stock company's "Silikāts" brick factory.[3]

See also

• List of former cities of Latvia

References

1. LDF.lv Archived 2007-09-11 at the Wayback Machine - Kalnciems Meadows
2. Landsberga, Līga (2015-05-06). "Latvijas muižas un pilis un citas interesantas vietas: Kalnciema muiža (Kalnzeem; Biringshof)". Latvijas muižas un pilis un citas interesantas vietas. Retrieved 2017-12-02.
3. "http://www.oldbricks.info/" (PDF). External link in |title= (help)