K-1000 battleship

The K-1000 battleship was rumoured to be a type of advanced battleship produced by the Soviet Union at the beginning of the Cold War. Soviet intelligence agencies actively encouraged the circulation of rumours about the type, which were reprinted by several Western journals including Jane's Fighting Ships.[1]

Class overview
Name:	K-1000 Heavy Fleet Unit
Operators:	Soviet Navy (alleged)
Preceded by:	Sovetsky Soyuz class
Subclasses:	Battleship
Planned:	7
Cancelled:	7
General characteristics
Type:	Battleship
Displacement:	66,000–79,000 tonnes (65,000–78,000 long tons) (est.)
Length:	297m
Beam:	38m
Speed:	28–33 knots (52–61 km/h) (est.)
Armament:	12 × 410 mm (16 in) or 9 × 460 mm (18 in) guns 2 × missile dome 6 × twin 130 mm (5.1 in) guns 8 × twin 45-millimeter (1.8 in) guns 6 × quadruple 45-millimeter (1.8 in) guns 12 × quadruple 25-millimeter (0.98 in) guns 11 x single 25-millimeter (0.98 in) guns
Armour:	Waterline belt: 280–470 mm (11–19 in) Upper deck: 70–160 mm (2.8–6.3 in) each Middle deck: 80–180 mm (3.1–7.1 in) Turrets: 190–410 mm (7.5–16.1 in) Barbettes: 235–285 mm (9.3–11.2 in) Secondary turrets: 35–55 mm (1.4–2.2 in) Conning tower: 210–250 mm (8.3–9.8 in) Bulkheads: 240–255 mm (9.4–10.0 in)

Accounts of the new Soviet battleships appeared in journals in France, Germany and the US in the late 1940s and early 1950s. The rumours were unclear about the specifications of the ships. The main point of agreement between different descriptions was that the type carried guided missiles, mounted in distinctive domed turrets, in addition to a conventional heavy gun armament. The ships were often said to have been laid down in Siberian shipyards.[1]

The displacement stated varied between 66,000–79,000 tonnes (65,000–78,000 long tons), and their speed was said to be anything between 28 and 33 knots. The main armament was normally said to be twelve 410 millimetres (16 in) guns, though sometimes nine 460 millimetres (18 in) guns were alleged.[1]

The names assigned to the class were said to be:

• Strana Sovetov
• Sovetskaya Byelorossia
• Krasnaya Bessarabiya
• Krasnaya Sibir'
• Sovietskaya Konstitutsia
• Lenin
• Sovetsky Soyuz

Many of the names were re-used from units of the authentic, but never completed, Sovetsky Soyuz class which were under construction when World War II broke out.

The Soviet Union actively perpetrated the hoax class of warships. A Soviet 'fleet recognition manual' planted in the West seemed to confirm the existence and general features of the K-1000 Heavy Fleet Unit Sovietskaya Byelorussia, and that she was in commission from 10 November 1953. The accompanying drawings, showing two missile domes, six heavy guns and a cluster of lighter armament, gave a further veneer of accuracy to the document. In fact the drawings were a direct copy of the 1949–50 edition of Jane's Fighting Ships.[1]

In reality, the USSR was (like other naval powers) retiring and/or scrapping its existing battleships, which had seemingly been rendered useless by the aircraft carrier. The United States Navy considered creating a 'missile battleship' out of the unfinished USS Kentucky, which would have had some similarities to the fictional K-1000 class; however, this plan never went ahead.

References

1. Breyer, Siegfried (1973). Battleships and Battlecruisers, 1905-1970. Garden City: Doubleday & Co. pp. 93–95. ISBN 0-385-07247-3.