Jonathan Hickman
Jonathan Hickman (born September 3, 1972) is an American comic book writer and artist. He is known for creating the Image Comics series The Nightly News, The Manhattan Projects and East of West, as well as working on Marvel Comics' Fantastic Four, FF, and S.H.I.E.L.D. titles. In 2012, Hickman ended his run on the Fantastic Four titles to write The Avengers and The New Avengers, as part the "Marvel NOW!" relaunch. In 2013, Hickman wrote a six-part miniseries, Infinity, plus Avengers tie-ins for Marvel Comics. In 2015, he wrote the crossover event Secret Wars.
Jonathan Hickman | |
---|---|
Jonathan Hickman on September 29, 2012 | |
Born | South Carolina, U.S. | September 3, 1972
Area(s) | Writer, Penciller, Inker, Letterer, Colourist |
Notable works | The Avengers East of West Fantastic Four FF Infinity The Manhattan Projects The New Avengers The Nightly News Secret Warriors Secret Wars X-Men |
http://www.pronea.com |
Beginning in 2019, Hickman became the head of the X-Men at Marvel, ushering in a new era for the heroes with his Dawn of X initiative.
Early life and education
Hickman was born and raised in South Carolina. He graduated from South Florence High School in Florence, South Carolina.[1] After high school, Hickman earned a degree in Architecture. He later became interested in web development and worked in online advertising.[2]
Career
He is the creator of The Nightly News,[3] published by Image Comics, and has also worked on Marvel Comics' Legion of Monsters, on the story "N'Kantu, the Living Mummy: MustDie/EatSoul."[4]
He has designed covers for Virgin Comics, most significantly Andy Diggle's Guy Ritchie's Gamekeeper[5] and Garth Ennis' Seven Brothers. Hickman wrote "The Core" for Top Cow's Pilot Season in 2008. He has created other series for Image: Pax Romana;[6] Red Mass for Mars, with Ryan Bodenheim;[7][8] Transhuman, with J. M. Ringuet; and The Red Wing.[9]
On February 12, 2008, Hickman began writing his "Concentric Circles" column for iFanboy.[10]
He collaborated with Brian Michael Bendis and editor Tom Brevoort on the Secret Warriors series[11][12] which follows Nick Fury and a group of superpowered operatives as they undertake espionage operations in the wake of Secret Invasion. Hickman later wrote a S.H.I.E.L.D. limited series for Marvel.[13][14][15][16] He and artist Sean Chen crafted the Dark Reign: Fantastic Four limited series (May–Sept. 2009).[17][18] Hickman then became the writer on the main Fantastic Four series with issue #570 (Oct. 2009) with art by Dale Eaglesham. In the storyline "Three", which concluded in Fantastic Four #587 (March 2011), the Human Torch appears to die stopping a horde of monsters from the other-dimensional Negative Zone. The series ended with the following issue, #588, and relaunched in March 2011 as simply FF.[19][20][21] Hickman finished his run of Fantastic Four in 2012 and became the writer of The Avengers and The New Avengers.[22][23] In 2013, Hickman wrote the Infinity limited series.[24] He wrote the Secret Wars limited series in 2015.[25]
X-Men
In 2019, Hickman returned to Marvel to head-up the X-Men franchise, starting with a pair of miniseries titled House of X and Powers of X. These books were followed by "Dawn of X", as announced at "The Next Big Thing" panel as San Diego Comic-Con 2019.[26] The initiative is intended to tell the story of the X-Men in a new status quo established by Hickman, referred to as the "Head of X", with all creative teams working closely under his supervision.[27] Hickman currently writes the flagship title of the initiative.
Awards and nominations
- 2008: Nominated for "Best Limited Series" Eisner Award for Nightly News.[28]
- 2011: Nominated for "Best Continuing or Limited Series" Harvey Award for Fantastic Four[29]
- 2013: Nominated for "Best Continuing Series" and "Best Writer" Eisner Award for The Manhattan Projects[30]
- 2014: Nominated for "Best Continuing Series" for East of West and "Best Writer" Eisner Award for East of West, The Manhattan Projects, Avengers, and Infinity[31]
Bibliography
Image Comics
- The Nightly News #1–6 (script and art, 2006–2007) collected as The Nightly News (tpb, 184 pages, 2007, ISBN 1-58240-766-5)
- Popgun vol.1: "Black Circle White: The Recycle Soul Project" (script and art, anthology graphic novel, 455 pages, 2007, ISBN 1-58240-824-6)
- Pax Romana #1–4 (script and art, 2007–2008) collected as Pax Romana (tpb, 144 pages, 2009, ISBN 1-58240-873-4)
- Transhuman #1–4 (with J. M. Ringuet, 2008) collected as Transhuman (tpb, 120 pages, 2009, ISBN 1-58240-922-6)
- Red Mass for Mars #1–4 (with Ryan Bodenheim, 2008–2010) collected as Red Mass for Mars (tpb, 120 pages, 2010, ISBN 1-58240-923-4)
- Comic Book Tattoo: "1000 Oceans" (script and art, anthology graphic novel, 480 pages, 2008, ISBN 1-58240-965-X)
- The Red Wing #1–4 (with Nick Pitarra, 2011) collected as Red Wing (tpb, 140 pages, 2011, ISBN 1-60706-479-0)
- Secret (with Ryan Bodenheim, 2012–…)
- Never Get Caught (collects #1–7, tpb, 144 pages, 2014, ISBN 1-60706-622-X)
- The Manhattan Projects (with Nick Pitarra, 2012–...)
- Volume 1 (collects #1–5, tpb, 144 pages, 2012, ISBN 1-60706-608-4)
- Volume 2 (collects #6–10, tpb, 152 pages, 2013, ISBN 1-60706-726-9)
- Volume 3 (collects #11–15, tpb, 152 pages, 2013, ISBN 1-60706-753-6)
- Volume 4 (collects #16–20, tpb, 144 pages, 2014, ISBN 1-60706-961-X)
- East of West (script, with Nick Dragotta, 2013–…)
- The Promise (collects #1–5, tpb, 96 pages, 2013, ISBN 1-60706-770-6)
- We Are All One (collects #6–10, tpb, 144 pages, 2014, ISBN 1-60706-855-9)
- There Is No Us (collects #11–15, tpb, 144 pages, 2014, ISBN 1632151146)
- Who Wants War (collects #16–19 and East of West: The World, tpb, 144 pages, 2015, ISBN 1632153815)
- All These Secrets (collects #20–24, tpb, 152 pages, ISBN 1632156806)
- The Dying & The Dead (with Ryan Bodenheim)
- The Black Monday Murders (with Tomm Coker)
- Volume 1 (collects #1–4, tpb, 240 pages, ISBN 1534300279)
- Volume 2 (collects #5–8, tpd, 192 pages, ISBN 1534303723)
Marvel Comics
- Legion of Monsters: Satana: "The Living Mummy" (script and art, one-shot, 2007) collected in Legion of Monsters (hc, 280 pages, 2007, ISBN 0-7851-2754-2)
- Secret Warriors (with Brian Michael Bendis, Stefano Caselli, Ed McGuinness, Alessandro Vitti, Gianluca Gugliotta and Mirko Colak, 2009–2011) collected as:
- Nick Fury, Agent of Nothing (collects #1–6 and DR: New Nation one-shot, hc, 184 pages, 2009, ISBN 0-7851-3999-0; tpb, 2009, ISBN 0-7851-3864-1)
- God of Fear, God of War (collects #7–10 and DR: The List one-shot, hc, 144 pages, 2010, ISBN 0-7851-4306-8; tpb, 2010, ISBN 0-7851-3865-X)
- Wake the Beast (collects #11–16, hc, 160 pages, 2010, ISBN 0-7851-4757-8; tpb, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-4758-6)
- Last Ride of the Howling Commandos (collects #17–19 and Siege tie-in one-shot, hc, 112 pages, 2010, ISBN 0-7851-4759-4; tpb, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-4760-8)
- Night (collects #20–24, hc, 136 pages, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-4802-7; tpb, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-4803-5)
- Wheels within Wheels (collects #25–28, hc, 112 pages, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-5814-6; tpb, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-5815-4)
- Omnibus (collects #1–28 and the one-shots, hc, 904 pages, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-6333-6)
- Astonishing Tales vol. 2 #1–6: "Bobby and Sam in Mojoworld" (script and art, with Nick Pitarra, 2009)
- Fantastic Four:
- Fantastic Four: (#570–588, 600–611)
- Dark Reign: Fantastic Four (tpb, 128 pages, 2009, ISBN 0-7851-3908-7) collects:
- "The Bridge" (with Sean Chen, in Dark Reign: Fantastic Four #1–5, 2009)
- "...and I'll Get the Land" (with Adi Granov, in Dark Reign: The Cabal, one-shot, 2009)
- Volume 1 (hc, 144 pages, 2010, ISBN 0-7851-4317-3; tpb, 2010, ISBN 0-7851-3688-6) collects:
- "Solve Everything" (with Dale Eaglesham, in #570–572, 2009)
- "Adventures on Nu-World" (with Neil Edwards, in #573, 2010)
- "Days of Future Franklin!" (with Neil Edwards, in #574, 2010)
- Volume 2 (hc, 112 pages, 2010, ISBN 0-7851-4716-0; tpb, 2010, ISBN 0-7851-4541-9) collects:
- "Prime Elements" (with Dale Eaglesham, in #575–578, 2010)
- Volume 3 (hc, 112 pages, 2010, ISBN 0-7851-4717-9; tpb, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-4718-7) collects:
- "The Future Foundation" (with Neil Edwards, in #579, 2010)
- "The Frank-tastic Four" (with Neil Edwards, in #580, 2010)
- "When Everything's Lost, the Battle is Won... Because of All These Things I've Done" (with Neil Edwards, in #581–582, 2010)
- Volume 4 (hc, 184 pages, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-4891-4; tpb, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-5143-5) collects:
- "Three" (with Steve Epting, Nick Dragotta and Mark Brooks, #583–588, 2010–2011)
- Volume 5 (hc, 184 pages, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-6152-X) collects:
- "Forever" (with Steve Epting, Carmine Di Giandomenico, Leinil Francis Yu, and Farel Dalrymple, #600–604, 2011–2012)
- Volume 6 (hc, 184 pages, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-6152-X) collects:
- "End of the Line" (with Ron Garney, Mike Choi, Giuseppe Camuncoli, and Ryan Stegman, #605.1 & 605–611, 2012–2013)
- Dark Reign: Fantastic Four (tpb, 128 pages, 2009, ISBN 0-7851-3908-7) collects:
- FF: (#1–23)
- Volume 1 (hc, 136 pages, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-5144-3; tpb, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-5145-1) collects:
- "The Club" (with Steve Epting, in #1, 2011)
- "Doom Nation" (with Steve Epting, in #2, 2011)
- "Whatever Happened to All Those Reeds?" (with Steve Epting, in #3, 2011)
- "The Beating of Drums, The Sound of War" (with Barry Kitson, in #4–5, 2011)
- Volume 2 (hc, 144 pages, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-5769-7; tpb, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-5770-0) collects:
- "The War of Four Cities" (with Greg Tocchini, Steve Epting, and Barry Kitson, in #6–11, 2011)
- Volume 3 (hc, 120 pages, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-6312-3) collects:
- "All Hope Lies in Doom" (with Juan Bobillo and Nick Dragotta, in #12–15, 2012)
- "One Step Beyond" (with Nick Dragotta and Steve Epting, in #16, 2012)
- "The Roommate Experiment" (with Nick Dragotta, in #17, 2012)
- Volume 4 (hc, 120 pages, 2012, ISBN 9780785163145) collects: ‘’FF’’ 17–23
- Volume 1 (hc, 136 pages, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-5144-3; tpb, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-5145-1) collects:
- Fantastic Four: (#570–588, 600–611)
- Shang-Chi: Master of Kung Fu: "Shang-Chi: Master of Kung Fu and Deadpool in: The Annual Race to Benefit Various and Sundry Evil Organizations and Also the Homeless. Now with Beer and Hot Dogs" (with Kody Chamberlain, one-shot, 2009)
- S.H.I.E.L.D. (with Dustin Weaver, Nick Pitarra, Zachary Flagg, Kevin Mellon and Gabriel Hernandez, 2010–2012) collected as:
- Architects of Forever (collects vol. 1 #1–6, hc, 192 pages, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-4894-9; tpb, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-4422-6)
- The Human Machine (will collect vol. 2 #1–6 and Infinity one-shot, hc, 168 pages, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-5249-0)
- Ultimate Comics: Thor #1–4 (with Carlos Pacheco, 2010–2011) collected as UC:T (hc, 112 pages, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-5187-7; tpb, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-5188-5)
- Ultimate Comics: Fallout #2–6 (with Bryan Hitch, Steve Kurth, Carlo Pagulayan, Salvador Larroca, Billy Tan and Mitch Breitweiser, 2011) collected in UC:F (hc, 136 pages, 2011, ISBN 0-7851-5912-6; tpb, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-5913-4)
- Ultimate Comics: Ultimates (with Esad Ribić, Brandon Peterson, Luke Ross and Sam Humphries, 2011–2012) collected as:
- Volume 1 (collects #1–6, hc, 144 pages, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-5717-4; tpb, 2012, ISBN 1-84653-504-2)
- Volume 2 (collects #7–12, hc, 144 pages, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-5719-0)
- Ultimate Comics: Hawkeye #1–4 (with Rafa Sandoval, 2011) collected as UC:H (hc, 112 pages, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-6227-5; tpb, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-5744-1)
- Avengers vs. X-Men #4, #6 (with John Romita Jr. and Olivier Coipel) collected in AvX (hc, 568 pages, 2012, ISBN 0-7851-6317-4)
- The Avengers
- Avengers (with Jerome Opeña, Andy Kubert, Dustin Weaver, Mike Deodato, Nick Spencer, Stefano Caselli, Leinil Francis Yu, Esad Ribić, and Salvador Larroca)
- "Avengers World" (collects #1–6, hc, 152 pages, 2013, ISBN 0-7851-6823-0)
- "The Last White Event" (collects #7–11, hc, 136 pages, 2013, ISBN 0-7851-6824-9)
- "Prelude to Infinity" (collects #12–17, hc, 152 pages, 2013, ISBN 978-0-7851-6825-6)
- "Infinity" (collects #18–23, hc, 168 pages, 2014, ISBN 0-7851-8414-7)
- "Adapt or Die" (collects #24–28, hc, 136 pages, 2014, ISBN 0-7851-5477-9)
- "Infinite Avengers" (collects #29–34, hc, 152 pages, 2014, ISBN 0-7851-5478-7)
- The New Avengers (with Steve Epting, Mike Deodato, Simone Bianchi, Rags Morales, Valerio Schiti and Kev Walker)
- "Everything Dies" (collects #1–6, hc, 144 pages, 2013, ISBN 0-7851-6836-2)
- "Infinity" (collects #7–12, hc, 152 pages, 2014, ISBN 0-7851-6837-0)
- "Other Worlds" (collects #13–17, hc, 136 pages, 2014, ISBN 0-7851-5484-1)
- "A Perfect World" (collects #18–23, hc, 144 pages, 2014, ISBN 0-7851-5485-X)
- Avengers World (with Nick Spencer, Rags Morales, and Stefano Caselli)
- A.I.M.Pire (collects #1–5, hc, 120 pages, 2014, ISBN 0-7851-8981-5)
- Time Runs Out (with Kev Walker, Mike Deodato, Valerio Schiti, Stefano Caselli, Dustin Weaver, Jim Cheung, Mike Perkins, Szymon Kudranski, Mike Mayhew, Dalibor Talajić and Nick Bradshaw)
- Volume 1 (collects Avengers #35–37 and The New Avengers #24–25, hc, 144 pages, 2015, ISBN 0-7851-9341-3)
- Volume 2 (collects Avengers #38–39 and The New Avengers #26–28, hc, 136 pages, 2015, ISBN 0-7851-9372-3)
- Volume 3 (collects Avengers #40–42 and The New Avengers #29–30, hc, 136 pages, 2015, ISBN 0-7851-9222-0)
- Volume 4 (collects Avengers #43–44 and The New Avengers #31–33, hc, 152 pages, 2015, ISBN 0-7851-9224-7)
- Avengers (with Jerome Opeña, Andy Kubert, Dustin Weaver, Mike Deodato, Nick Spencer, Stefano Caselli, Leinil Francis Yu, Esad Ribić, and Salvador Larroca)
- Infinity (with Jim Cheung, Jerome Opeña, and Dustin Weaver, 2013)
- "Infinity" (collects Infinity #1–6, Avengers #14–23, The New Avengers #7–12, and Infinity: Against the Tide Infinite Comic #1–2, hc, 632 pages, 2014, ISBN 0-7851-8422-8)
- Secret Wars #1–9 (with Esad Ribić)
- X-Men:
- House of X #1–6 (with Pepe Larraz, 2019)
- Powers of X #1–6 (with R.B. Silva, 2019)
- X-Men Vol. 5 #1–ongoing (with Leinil Francis Yu, R.B. Silva, Matteo Buffagni, and Mahmud Asrar, 2019-ongoing)
- New Mutants Vol. 4 #1-2, 5, 7 (with Rod Reis, 2019-2020)
- Incoming One-Shot (with R.B. Silva, 2019)
- Giant-Size X-Men #1-5 (with Russell Dauterman, Ben Oliver, and Alan Davis, 2020)
- Spider-Man: Full Circle One-Shot (with Chris Bachalo, 2019)
Other publishers
- Virgin Comics:
- Gamekeeper #2 (cover only, 2007)
- 7 Brothers tpb (cover only, 2007)
- Voodoo Child #3 (cover only, 2007)
- Tall Tales of Vishnu Sharma: Panchatantra #4 (cover only, 2008)
- Pilot Season: The Core (with Kenneth Rocafort, one-shot, Top Cow, 2008) collected in Pilot Season 2008 (tpb, 144 pages, 2009, ISBN 1-60706-043-4)
- Drafted #11 (cover only, Devil's Due Publishing, 2008)
- Cages (cover only, Insomnia Publications, 2009)
- God Is Dead (ongoing, with Di Amorim, Avatar Press, 2013– 2016 )
References
- mrollins@florencenews.com, MELISSA ROLLINS Morning News. "Wukela says future is bright because of District One teachers". SCNow. Retrieved 2020-04-14.
- www.publishersweekly.com https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/new-titles/adult-announcements/article/9731-jonathan-hickman-the-design-of-things-to-come.html. Retrieved 2020-04-14. Missing or empty
|title=
(help) - Khouri, Andy (February 7, 2007). "Behind The Nightly News". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on September 28, 2012.
- "Legion of Monsters: Satana #1". Marvel Comics. 2007. Archived from the original on July 9, 2017.
- Weiland, Jonah (January 18, 2007). "Ultimate Killer: Diggle talks Guy Ritchie's Gamekeeper". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on September 28, 2012.
- Khouri, Andy (October 16, 2007). "Hickman Saves the Future, Destroys the Past in Pax Romana". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013. Archive requires scrolldown
- Weiland, Jonah (September 9, 2007). "Jonathan Hickman Holds A Red Mass For Mars". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on September 28, 2012.
- Sullivan, Michael Patrick (July 3, 2008). "Hickman & Bodenheim Hold A Red Mass for Mars". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on June 27, 2013. Archive requires scrolldown
- Khouri, Andy (October 18, 2012). "Image Announces New Hickman, Fraction, Chaykin And Gillen, Reprinted Pope And More". Comics Alliance. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013.
- Hickman, Jonathan (February 12, 2008). "Concentric Circles by Jonathan Hickman #1 – Digital Comics". IFanboy. Archived from the original on July 22, 2012.
- Richards, Dave (June 29, 2008). "WW Chicago: Hickman & Bendis on Secret Warriors". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on June 24, 2013.
- Schedeen, Jesse (December 2, 2008). "Uncovering the Secret Warriors". IGN. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013.
- Richards, Dave (November 25, 2009). "Hickman Unveils Shield Details". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved January 9, 2010. Archive requires scrolldown
- Schedeen, Jesse (February 23, 2010). "The Secret Masters of the Marvel Universe". IGN. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved April 8, 2010.
- Mahadeo, Kevin (April 6, 2010). "Tuesday Q&A: Jonathan Hickman". Marvel Comics. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved April 8, 2010.
- Arrant, Chris (April 7, 2010). "Writer Hickman Reveals the History of Marvel's S.H.I.E.L.D.". Newsarama. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved April 8, 2010.
- Smith, Zack (January 12, 2009). "Jonathan Hickman – Secret Warriors, the FF and More". Newsarama. Archived from the original on May 28, 2013.
- Richards, Dave (February 13, 2009). "The Osborn Supremacy: Fantastic Four". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on May 28, 2013.
- Ching, Albert (January 25, 2011). "Associated Press Spoils Fantastic Four #587 Hours Before Comic Goes on Sale". Newsarama. Archived from the original on May 28, 2013.
- Ching, Albert (January 25, 2011). "Hickman Details Fantastic Four #587's Big Character Death". Newsarama. Archived from the original on May 28, 2013.
- Moore, Matt (January 25, 2011). "After Half Century, It's 1 Fantastic's Farewell". Associated Press via The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 28, 2013.
- Ching, Albert (December 5, 2012). "Jonathan Hickman Brings the World to Marvel NOW! Avengers". Newsarama. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013.
- Richards, Dave (July 23, 2012). "Exclusive: Hickman Assembles a New Era For Marvel Comics' Avengers". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on November 3, 2013. Archive requires scrolldown
- Truitt, Brian (August 11, 2013). "Sunday Geekersation: Jonathan Hickman always thinks big". USA Today. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013.
- Richards, Dave (August 18, 2015). "Hickman: Secret Wars Battleworld is Not on a 'Solid Foundation'". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on August 19, 2015.
- Samantha Puc (2019-07-20). "SDCC '19: DAWN OF X titles revealed! Hickman, Brisson, Howard, Duggan, To, Yu, Kudranski & more creators tackle Marvel's new X-Line". Comicsbeat.com. Retrieved 2019-09-25.
- "2008 Eisner Nominations Announced". Comic Book Resources. April 14, 2008. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013. Archive requires scrolldown
- Parkin, J.K. (July 4, 2011). "Nominees announced for 2011 Harvey Awards". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on June 19, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013.
- "Will Eisner Comic Industry Award Nominees 2013". San Diego Comic-Con International. 2013. Archived from the original on December 4, 2013. Retrieved February 6, 2014.
- "Will Eisner Comic Industry Award Nominees 2014". San Diego Comic-Con International. 2014. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved April 21, 2014.
External links
- Official website
- Jonathan Hickman at the Grand Comics Database
- Jonathan Hickman at the Comic Book DB (archived from the original)
- Jonathan Hickman at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators
Preceded by Mark Millar |
Fantastic Four writer 2009–2012 |
Succeeded by Matt Fraction |
Preceded by Brian Michael Bendis |
The Avengers writer 2012–2015 |
Succeeded by Mark Waid |
Preceded by Brian Michael Bendis |
The New Avengers writer 2013–2015 |
Succeeded by Al Ewing |