Jeffrey Flier

Jeffrey Scott Flier (born February 27, 1948) is an American physician, endocrinologist, researcher, and the 21st Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at Harvard University.[1]

Jeffrey Flier
21st Dean of the Harvard Medical School
In office
September 1, 2007 – July 31, 2016
Personal details
Born
Jeffrey Scott Flier

(1948-02-27) February 27, 1948
New York, New York
Spouse(s)Eleftheria Maratos-Flier
Children2
WebsiteDean of the Faculty of Medicine

Early life and career

Flier was born in New York City, and grew up in the Pelham Parkway section of the Bronx. He is the son of Milton R. Flier, a World War II C-47 pilot and businessperson, and Dorothy (Kroll) Flier, who taught junior high school mathematics.[2] He graduated in 1964 from the Bronx High School of Science, and 1968 from the City College of New York. He was in the first entering class of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in 1968, and graduated in 1972 with the Elster Prize for highest academic standing.[1] After two years of internal medicine residency at Mount Sinai Hospital, he spent four years in the Public Health Service as a clinical associate at the National Institutes of Health, completing training in endocrinology and launching a research career. He moved to Boston in 1978, becoming an assistant professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, and chief of the Diabetes Unit at Harvard-affiliated Beth Israel Hospital. He subsequently became chief of the hospital's Endocrinology Division, vice chair for research of the Department of Medicine, and eventually the hospital's chief academic officer in 2002, overseeing research and educational affairs. At HMS, he became the George C. Reisman Professor of Medicine, and Harvard faculty dean for Academic Affairs at what became the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.[3]

Appointment as Dean of Harvard's Faculty of Medicine

Flier was appointed dean of the Faculty of Medicine and the Caroline Shields Walker professor of medicine at Harvard in July 2007 by President Drew Faust and assumed the position on September 1, 2007.[3] During his first year as dean, he led an extensive strategic planning process, releasing a report in October 2008.[4] Harvard University and Harvard Medical School suffered financial losses when markets fell in 2008-9. This slowed but did not stop investments in several areas.[5] Notably Flier penned an op-ed as Dean of Harvard Medical School opposing expansion of health insurance in the United States.[6] His term as dean of Harvard Medical School ended in 2016 after nine years.[7]

Research contributions

While at the Diabetes Branch of NIH, under the mentorship of Jesse Roth, Philip Gorden, and C. Ronald Kahn, Flier discovered the existence of autoantibodies to the insulin receptor as a cause of severe insulin resistance.[8] This discovery elucidated a rare cause of diabetes,[9] advanced the field of membrane receptor biology and provided an important tool for research on insulin action. [10] Flier also played a major role in defining genetic causes of insulin resistance by identifying and characterizing mutations in the insulin receptor gene in a subset of patients with severe insulin resistance.[11][12] Much of his research has addressed the pathophysiology of obesity.[13][14][15] Among his work has been the discovery with Bruce Spiegelman of altered production of adipocyte secreted factors in obesity;[16] investigations into the function of brown adipose tissue through creation of a brown fat deficient transgenic mouse;[17] elucidation of the role of the neuropeptide MCH in energy balance by making an MCH knockout mouse (with his wife, Eleftheria Maratos-Flier);[18] identification of the capacity of adult hypothalamic neurogenesis to occur and influence energy balance;[19] and work with Maratos-Flier to define the role of FGF21 in metabolic regulation.[20] His most extensive work has related to the biology and pathophysiology of leptin. His lab has defined the role of leptin as a key molecule in the physiology of starvation,[21] and has provided evidence for the molecular mechanism of leptin resistance that characterizes and contributes to obesity.[22]

Personal life

Flier is married to Eleftheria Maratos-Flier. She is an endocrinologist and Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School,[23] and the two have collaborated in several areas of research.[18][13][15] They have two daughters. Sarah Flier, a gastroenterologist, is also an instructor in Medicine at Harvard Medical School.[24]

Honors/affiliations/awards
  • Institute of Medicine of the National Academies of Science [1]
  • American Academy of Arts and Sciences [1]
  • American Society for Clinical Investigation [3]
  • Association of American Physicians [3]
  • Eli Lilly Award, American Diabetes Association [1]
  • Banting Medal, American Diabetes Association [1]
  • Solomon Berson Lecture, American Physiological Society [1]
  • Albert Renold Award, American Diabetes Association [25]
  • Astwood Lecture, Endocrine Society [1]
  • Honorary Doctor of Science, University of Athens [1]
  • Doctor of Science, Honoris Causa, University of Edinburgh [26]
  • Advisory Council, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH [27]

Selected works
Biomedical Research
  • Flier, J.; Kahn, C.; Roth, J; Bar, R. (1975). "Antibodies that impair insulin receptor binding in an unusual diabetic syndrome with severe insulin resistance". Science. 190 (4209): 63–5. doi:10.1126/science.170678. PMID 170678.
  • Kahn, C. Ronald; Flier, Jeffrey S.; Bar, Robert S.; Archer, Juanita A.; Gorden, Phillip; Martin, Malcolm M.; Roth, Jesse (1976). "The Syndromes of Insulin Resistance and Acanthosis Nigricans". New England Journal of Medicine. 294 (14): 739–745. doi:10.1056/NEJM197604012941401. PMID 176581.
  • Kahn, C. Ronald; Baird, Kathleen L.; Jarrett, David B.; Flier, Jeffrey S. (1978). "Direct demonstration that receptor crosslinking or aggregation is important in insulin action". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 75 (9): 4209–13. doi:10.1073/pnas.75.9.4209. PMC 336081. PMID 279910.
  • Flier, Jeffrey S.; Maratos-Flier, Eleftheria; Pallotta, Johanna A.; McIsaac, Donald (1979). "Endogenous digitalis-like activity in the plasma of the toad Bufo marinus". Nature. 279 (5711): 341–3. doi:10.1038/279341a0. PMID 221828.
  • Harrison, L.; Flier, J; Itin, A; Kahn, C.; Roth, J (1979). "Radioimmunoassay of the insulin receptor: a new probe of receptor structure and function". Science. 203 (4380): 544–7. doi:10.1126/science.83675. PMID 83675.
  • Flier, J.; Cook, K.; Usher, P; Spiegelman, B. (1987). "Severely impaired adipsin expression in genetic and acquired obesity". Science. 237 (4813): 405–8. doi:10.1126/science.3299706. PMID 3299706.
  • Moller, David E.; Flier, Jeffrey S. (1988). "Detection of an Alteration in the Insulin-Receptor Gene in a Patient with Insulin Resistance, Acanthosis Nigricans, and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Type A Insulin Resistance)". New England Journal of Medicine. 319 (23): 1526–9. doi:10.1056/NEJM198812083192306. PMID 2460770.
  • Moller, D. E.; Yokota, A.; Ginsberg-Fellner, F.; Flier, J. S. (1990). "Functional Properties of a Naturally Occurring Trp1200 -> Ser1200 Mutation of the Insulin Receptor". Molecular Endocrinology. 4 (8): 1183–91. doi:10.1210/mend-4-8-1183. PMID 1963473.
  • Epstein, Franklin H.; Moller, David E.; Flier, Jeffrey S. (1991). "Insulin Resistance — Mechanisms, Syndromes, and Implications". New England Journal of Medicine. 325 (13): 935–48. doi:10.1056/NEJM199109263251307.
  • Flier, JS (1992). "Lilly Lecture: syndromes of insulin resistance. From patient to gene and back again". Diabetes. 41 (9): 1207–19. doi:10.2337/diabetes.41.9.1207. PMID 1499871.
  • Lowell, Bradford B.; S-Susulic, Vedrana; Hamann, Andreas; Lawitts, Joel A.; Himms-Hagen, Jean; Boyer, Bert B.; Kozak, Leslie P.; Flier, Jeffrey S. (1993). "Development of obesity in transgenic mice after genetic ablation of brown adipose tissue". Nature. 366 (6457): 740–2. doi:10.1038/366740a0. PMID 8264795.
  • Frederich, Robert C.; Hamann, Andreas; Anderson, Stephen; Löllmann, Bettina; Lowell, Bradford B.; Flier, Jeffrey S. (1995). "Leptin levels reflect body lipid content in mice: Evidence for diet-induced resistance to leptin action". Nature Medicine. 1 (12): 1311–4. doi:10.1038/nm1295-1311. PMID 7489415.
  • Flier, JS (1995). "The adipocyte: storage depot or node on the energy information superhighway?". Cell. 80 (1): 15–8. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90445-X. PMID 7813011.
  • Ahima, Rexford S.; Prabakaran, Daniel; Mantzoros, Christos; Qu, Daqing; Lowell, Bradford; Maratos-Flier, Eleftheria; Flier, Jeffrey S. (1996). "Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting". Nature. 382 (6588): 250–2. doi:10.1038/382250a0. PMID 8717038.
  • Maratos-Flier, Eleftheria; Shimada, Masako; Tritos, Nicholas A.; Lowell, Bradford B.; Flier, Jeffrey S. (1998). "Mice lacking melanin-concentrating hormone are hypophagic and lean". Nature. 396 (6712): 670–4. doi:10.1038/25341. PMID 9872314.
  • Bjorbak, C; Elmquist, JK; Frantz, JD; Shoelson, SE; Flier, JS (1998). "Identification of SOCS-3 as a Potential Mediator of Central Leptin Resistance". Molecular Cell. 1 (4): 619–25. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80062-3. PMID 9660946.
  • El-Haschimi, Karim; Pierroz, Dominique D.; Hileman, Stanley M.; Bjørbæk, Christian; Flier, Jeffrey S. (2000). "Two defects contribute to hypothalamic leptin resistance in mice with diet-induced obesity". Journal of Clinical Investigation. 105 (12): 1827–32. doi:10.1172/JCI9842. PMC 378516. PMID 10862798.
  • Masuzaki, H.; Paterson, J; Shinyama, H; Morton, NM; Mullins, JJ; Seckl, JR; Flier, JS (2001). "A Transgenic Model of Visceral Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome". Science. 294 (5549): 2166–70. doi:10.1126/science.1066285. PMID 11739957.
  • Howard, Jane K; Cave, Belinda J; Oksanen, Laura J; Tzameli, Iphigenia; Bjørbæk, Christian; Flier, Jeffrey S (2004). "Enhanced leptin sensitivity and attenuation of diet-induced obesity in mice with haploinsufficiency of Socs3". Nature Medicine. 10 (7): 734–8. doi:10.1038/nm1072. PMID 15220914.
  • Flier, JS (2004). "Obesity wars: molecular progress confronts an expanding epidemic". Cell. 116 (2): 337–50. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)01081-X. PMID 14744442.
  • Kokoeva, M. V.; Yin, H; Flier, JS (2005). "Neurogenesis in the Hypothalamus of Adult Mice: Potential Role in Energy Balance". Science. 310 (5748): 679–83. doi:10.1126/science.1115360. PMID 16254185.
  • Badman, MK; Pissios, P; Kennedy, AR; Koukos, G; Flier, JS; Maratos-Flier, E (2007). "Hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 is regulated by PPARalpha and is a key mediator of hepatic lipid metabolism in ketotic states". Cell Metabolism. 5 (6): 426–37. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.002. PMID 17550778.
  • Fisher, FM; Chui, PC; Antonellis, PJ; Bina, HA; Kharitonenkov, A; Flier, JS; Maratos-Flier, E (2010). "Obesity Is a Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21)-Resistant State". Diabetes. 59 (11): 2781–9. doi:10.2337/db10-0193. PMC 2963536. PMID 20682689.
Policy

Notes
See also: Harvard Medical School, Mount Sinai School of Medicine § Notable alumni and faculty, Gairdner Foundation § Medical Advisory Board, List of City College of New York people § Science and technology, List of Bronx High School of Science alumni § Academia, and Bronx High School of Science § Other notable alumni and former students
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References
  1. An opponent to healthcare for all. "Jeffrey S. Flier, MD, Dean of Harvard Medical School". Archived from the original on 2010-04-13.
  2. https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/brookline-ma/dorothy-flier-6482780
  3. "Jeffrey S. Flier named next dean of Faculty of Medicine". Harvard Gazette. 11 July 2007.
  4. "Strategic Planning at Harvard Medical School" (PDF). October 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-10. Retrieved 2010-10-13.
  5. "The Dean's Report 2008-2009" (PDF). 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-10. Retrieved 2010-10-13.
  6. Flier, Jeffrey. "Health 'Reform' Gets a Failing Grade". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 16 August 2012.
  7. Flier, Jeffrey. "New Dean for Faculty of Medicine". Harvard Medical School. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  8. Flier, JS; Kahn, CR; Roth, J; Bar, RS (1975). "Antibodies that impair insulin receptor binding in an unusual diabetic syndrome with severe insulin resistance". Science. 190 (4209): 63–5. doi:10.1126/science.170678. PMID 170678.
  9. Kahn, CR; Kasuga, M; King, GL; Grunfeld, C (1982). "Autoantibodies to insulin receptors in man: immunological determinants and mechanism of action". Ciba Foundation symposium (90): 91–113. PMID 6183063.
  10. Kahn, CR; Baird, KL; Jarrett, DB; Flier, JS (1978). "Direct demonstration that receptor crosslinking or aggregation is important in insulin action". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 75 (9): 4209–13. doi:10.1073/pnas.75.9.4209. PMC 336081. PMID 279910.
  11. Moller, DE; Flier, JS (1988). "Detection of an alteration in the insulin-receptor gene in a patient with insulin resistance, acanthosis nigricans, and the polycystic ovary syndrome (type a insulin resistance)". The New England Journal of Medicine. 319 (23): 1526–9. doi:10.1056/NEJM198812083192306. PMID 2460770.
  12. Moller, DE; Yokota, A; White, MF; Pazianos, AG; Flier, JS (1990). "A naturally occurring mutation of insulin receptor alanine 1134 impairs tyrosine kinase function and is associated with dominantly inherited insulin resistance". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 265 (25): 14979–85. PMID 2168397.
  13. Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E (1990). "Biology of Obesity". Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. Archived from the original on 2010-08-19. Retrieved 2010-10-13.
  14. Flier, JS (2004). "Obesity wars: molecular progress confronts an expanding epidemic". Cell. 116 (2): 337–50. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)01081-X. PMID 14744442.
  15. Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E (September 2007). "What fuels fat". Scientific American.
  16. Flier, JS; Cook, KS; Usher, P; Spiegelman, BM (1987). "Severely impaired adipsin expression in genetic and acquired obesity". Science. 237 (4813): 405–8. doi:10.1126/science.3299706. PMID 3299706.
  17. Lowell, BB; S-Susulic, V; Hamann, A; Lawitts, JA; Himms-Hagen, J; Boyer, BB; Kozak, LP; Flier, JS (1993). "Development of obesity in transgenic mice after genetic ablation of brown adipose tissue". Nature. 366 (6457): 740–2. doi:10.1038/366740a0. PMID 8264795.
  18. Shimada, M; Tritos, NA; Lowell, BB; Flier, JS; Maratos-Flier, E (1998). "Mice lacking melanin-concentrating hormone are hypophagic and lean". Nature. 396 (6712): 670–4. doi:10.1038/25341. PMID 9872314.
  19. Kokoeva, MV; Yin, H; Flier, JS (2005). "Neurogenesis in the hypothalamus of adult mice: potential role in energy balance". Science. 310 (5748): 679–83. doi:10.1126/science.1115360. PMID 16254185.
  20. Badman, MK; Pissios, P; Kennedy, AR; Koukos, G; Flier, JS; Maratos-Flier, E (2007). "Hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 is regulated by PPARalpha and is a key mediator of hepatic lipid metabolism in ketotic states". Cell Metabolism. 5 (6): 426–37. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.002. PMID 17550778.
  21. Ahima, RS; Prabakaran, D; Mantzoros, C; Qu, D; Lowell, B; Maratos-Flier, E; Flier, JS (1996). "Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting". Nature. 382 (6588): 250–2. doi:10.1038/382250a0. PMID 8717038.
  22. Howard, JK; Cave, BJ; Oksanen, LJ; Tzameli, I; Bjørbaek, C; Flier, JS (2004). "Enhanced leptin sensitivity and attenuation of diet-induced obesity in mice with haploinsufficiency of Socs3". Nature Medicine. 10 (7): 734–8. doi:10.1038/nm1072. PMID 15220914.
  23. "Flier and Maratos-Flier Research Lab at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center".
  24. "Sarah Flier, MD, Joins BIDMC". 1 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  25. "Jeffrey S. Flier, MD, Receives American Diabetes Association's Distinguished Research Award" (PDF). 9 June 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 2010-10-18.
  26. "Graduation Ceremony, McEwan Hall: Honorary Graduate: Jeffrey S. Flier". 2010. Retrieved 2010-10-18.
  27. "NIDDK Welcomes Five New Members to Advisory Council". 11 March 2005. Archived from the original on 20 December 2010. Retrieved 2010-10-18.
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