Józef Zawadzki (chemist)

Józef Zawadzki (July 14, 1886 in Warsaw – February 22, 1951 in Zalesie, near Warsaw) was a Polish physical chemist and technologist. Father of Tadeusz (Zośka) and Anna Zawadzka.

Zawadzki was a co-founder, President and Vice-President of the Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne. He was a professor (from 1923) and rector (1936–1939) of Warsaw University of Technology, and a member of the Polish Academy of Learning (since 1947).

The oldest and largest traditional lecture hall at the Warsaw University of Technology is named Prof. Józef Zawadzki Auditorium.[1]

Research

His main field of research was physicochemical fundamentals of chemical technology. He was researching contact oxidation of ammonia, naphthalene and anthracene, mechanism of ammonia oxidation on platinum at low temperatures, reduction of iron dioxide by a methane, methods of obtaining aluminium oxide from Polish kaolinite and aluminosilicate, use of Polish anhydrite and gypsum deposit to production sulfuric acid and cementum, kinematics of thermal dissociation.

Under the German occupation of Poland during World War II, he was involved in the clandestine operation of the Warsaw University of Technology. Together with Marceli Struszyński, Zawadzki analyzed captured German V-2 rocket for its fuel composition. In 1947, he was recognized with a Doctor Honoris Causa.[2]

Mechanism of ammonia oxidation on platinum at low temperatures

The mechanism of ammonia oxidation on platinum at low temperature was postulated by F. Rachsig (1927) and later adapted by Zawadzki (1948, 1950) to proceed via formation on imide (NH). In this proposal formation of nitroxyl and hydrazine (N2H4) is involved:[3]

NH3 + O(a) → NH(a) + H2O
NH(a) + O(a) → HNO(a) + *
NH(a) + NH3 → N2H4(a)
HNO(a) + NH3 → N2H4(a) + ½O2
N2H4(a) + O2 → N2 + 2H2O + *

Later, Y. M. Fogel (1964) disproved the Zawadzki theory that NH is formed via the oxidation of ammonia. In his proposal, NO is an important intermediate of the reaction. The formation of N2O is not detected, therefore the mechanism does not involve its production.[3]

Works

  • Technologia chemiczna nieorganiczna vol. 1–2 (1948–1949)

Notes

  1. The Faculty of Chemistry - Official Page, Warsaw University of Technology, retrieved 2008-05-28. Archived April 30, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  2. Technikum Chemiczne nr 3 in Warsaw, Poland, retrieved 2008-05-28. Archived May 16, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  3. Sobczyk (2003), p. 6.
gollark: For basically the same price you can get twice the RAM, a better GPU, and more storage, if you build yourself.
gollark: https://pcpartpicker.com/guide/MNwrxr/modest-intel-gaming-build
gollark: I'm not certain, but I think that's significantly more expensive than one with the same specs built yourself.
gollark: <@336962240848855040> I think QEMU can do that.
gollark: Can someone help with this really weird issue? I have a websocket-using thing (https://osmarks.tk/incdec/) which seemingly can't connect to the backend websocket (wss://osmarks.tk/incdec/api) in Firefox on my phone and laptop, even though it works fine when I test it with `wscat` and the Node.js `ws` thing. It worked fine up until quite recently.

References

  • Broek, Arnoldus Cornelis Maria van den (1998). Low temperature oxidation of ammonia over platinum and iridium catalysts (PDF). ISBN 90-386-0628-1.
  • Sobczyk, Dariusz Piotr (2003). Positron emission profiling study of ammonia oxidation on platinum (PDF). ISBN 90-386-3034-4.
  • "Zawadzki Józef". Internetowa encyklopedia PWN (in Polish). Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
  • "Zawadzki Józef". WIEM Encyklopedia (in Polish). Retrieved 2007-12-01.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.