Israeli Transverse Mercator

Israeli Transverse Mercator (Hebrew: רשת ישראל החדשה‎ Reshet Yisra'el Ha-Ḥadasha; ITM) is the new geographic coordinate system for Israel. The name is derived from the Transverse Mercator projection it uses and the fact that it is optimized for Israel. ITM has replaced the old coordinate system ICS. This coordinate system is sometimes also referred as the "New Israeli Grid". It has been use since January 1, 1994.

Israeli Transverse Mercator - ITM
Geodesy

The need for a new grid

ITM replaced the old grid ICS which was based on the Cassini-Soldner projection. The central meridian in the new projection, as in the old one, crosses through Jerusalem. Replacing the projection eliminates two prominent drawbacks in the old network: assigning negative latitudinal values to the Southern Negev and the possibility of confusing coordinate values on the X and Y axes. The new system relocated the Y axis 50 km westward and the X axis 500 km southward so that now the entire country is covered by positive coordinate values.

Additional information on the creation of the new grid is available in Hebrew[1]

Examples

An ITM coordinate is generally given as a pair of two six digit numbers (excluding any digits behind a decimal point which may be used in very precise surveying). The first number is always the Easting and the second is the Northing. The easting and northing are in metres from the false origin.

The ITM coordinate for the Western Wall at Jerusalem is:

E 222286 m
N 631556 m

The first figure is the easting and means that the location is 222,286 meters east from the false origin (along the X axis). The second figure is the northing and puts the location 631,556 meters north of the false origin (along the Y axis). Also notice how the easting in this example is indicated with an “E” and likewise an “N” for the northing. The fact that the coordinate is in meters is indicated by the lowercase m.

The table below shows the same coordinate in 3 different grids:

Grid Easting Northing
ITM (Israeli Transverse Mercator) 222286 631556
ICS (Israeli Cassini-Soldner) 172249 1131586
UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) 711563 3518045

Grid Parameters

The ITM coordinate system is defined[2] by the following parameters:

Projection

Transverse Mercator

Reference ellipsoid

EllipsoidGRS80
Semi-major axis a6378137.000meter
Inverse flattening (1/f)298.257222100882711

Origin Point

Latitude31° 44' 03.8170" N
Longitude35° 12' 16.2610" E

False Origin

False Easting219529.584meter
False Northing626907.390meter
Scale Factor1.0000067

Parameters for conversion to WGS84

Reference ellipsoid

EllipsoidWGS84
a6378137meter
1/f298.257223563

Shift

dX-24.0024meter
dY-17.1032meter
dZ-17.8444meter

Rotation

X-0.33077sec
Y-1.85269sec
Z1.66969sec

Scale

Scale5.4248ppm
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See also

References
  1. "New Grid for Israel", in Hebrew, retrieved September 27, 2007, about the New Israeli Grid, published by the Mapping Center of Israel (MAPI) in the official website
  2. Survey Regulations 2016, p. 36 (1378)
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