Iqama

The Iqama or Iqamah (Arabic: إِقَامَة‎, ʾIqāmah) is the second call to Islamic Prayer, given immediately before the prayer begins.[1] Generally, the iqama is given more quickly and in a more monotonous fashion, compared to the adhan, as it is addressed to those already in the mosque rather than a reminder for those outside it to come to the mosque. Aside from a difference in the number of repetitions of each formula.[2]

Text


Details of what is recited and how many times
Recital Arabic
Qurʾanic Arabic		 Transliteration Translation
By
Sunni		 By
Shia
2x 2x ٱللَّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ ʾAllāhu ʾakbaru God is greater [than everything]
1x 2x أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ ʾašhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā -llāhu I bear witness that there is no deity but God
1x 2x أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ ٱللَّٰهِ ʾašhadu ʾanna Muḥammadan rasūlu -llāhi I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of God
None 2x[lower-alpha 1] أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ عَلِيًّا وَلِيُّ ٱللَّٰهِ ʾašhadu ʾanna ʿAlīyan walīyu -llāhi I bear witness that Ali is the Vicegerent of God
1x 2x حَيَّ عَلَىٰ ٱلصَّلَاةِ
حَيَّ عَلَىٰ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ		 ḥayya ʿalā ṣ-ṣalāhti Hasten to the prayer (Salah)
1x 2x حَيَّ عَلَىٰ ٱلْفَلَاحِ
حَيَّ عَلَىٰ ٱلْفَلَٰحِ		 ḥayya ʿalā l-falāḥi Hasten to the salvation
None 2x حَيَّ عَلَىٰ خَيْرِ ٱلْعَمَلِ ḥayya ʿalā khayri l-ʿamali Hasten to the best of deeds
2x 2x قَدْ قَامَتِ ٱلصَّلَاةُ
قَدْ قَامَتِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةُ		 qad qāmati ṣ-ṣalāhtu The prayer (Salah) has been established
2x 2x ٱللَّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ ʾAllāhu ʾakbaru God is greater [than everything]
1x 1x لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ lā ʾilāha ʾillā -llāhu There is no God but ALLAH
  1. According to Usuli Twelver Shia scholars, this phrase is not an obligatory part of Adhan and Iqamah, but is recommended (Mustahabb). Akhbari Twelver Shia, however, consider it as an obligatory part of Adhan and Iqamah.[3] Fatimid, Ismaili, Alavi Bohras and Dawoodi Bohra believe and include and recite this at same place, twice in main adhan, but not in Iqama. They also recite Muḥammadun wa ʿAlīyun khayru l-basar wa itaratu huma khayru l-itar (Muhammad and Ali are the best of mankind and their progeny is the best of progenies) twice after the 6th part (Ḥayya ʿala-khayri l-ʿamal). This tradition is continued from their first Da'i al-Mutlaq, Zoeb bin Moosa (1132 CE), after their 21st Imam, At-Tayyib Abi l-Qasim, and claim this is true Fatimid tradition.[4][5][6]

The Hanafi and the Shia schools both use the same number of repetitions of the formula for both the Adhan and the Iqama, contrary to all the other Islamic schools.[1][7] However, all Sunni schools of thought say either can be recited as there are authentic hadiths for both ways.

Other uses of the term iqama

Iqāma is not the maṣdar form of the fourth (causative) stem (stem 'af`ala) from the triliteral root Q-W-M, which relates to setting things up, carrying things out, existence, and assorted other meanings. The word iqāma itself is multivalent, but its most common meaning outside the inauguration of prayer is in the context of immigration law, referring to a long-term visa for a foreign national. In some cases, as in Egypt, it is a stamp on the foreigner's passport; in others (as in Morocco and Saudi Arabia) it is a separate identity document in the form of a plastic card.

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See also

References
  1. Th.W., Juynboll. "Iḳāma". Cite journal requires |journal= (help) Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition Online. Edited by P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs
  2. "How the iqaamah is done". Islam QA. Shaykh Muhammad Saalih al-Munajjid. Retrieved 8 July 2015.
  3. "Akhbari". Akhbari. Retrieved 2013-12-31.
  4. Islamic Laws : Rules of Namaz » Adhan and Iqamah Archived September 14, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  5. Importance and Conditions of Prayers - Question #466 Archived July 8, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  6. "Adhan Call to Prayer". duas.org. Retrieved on 25 August 2016.
  7. Howard, IKA, “The development of the “adhan” and “iqama” of the salat” in early Islam.” Journal of Semitic Studies (Manchester University Press) 26 (1981), p. 227.
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