Inflatable castle

Inflatable castles (also called closed inflatable trampolines (CITs), bouncing castle, bouncy houses, bounce houses, jumping castle, bouncy castles, moon bounces, moonwalks, or jumpers) are temporary inflatable structures and buildings and similar items that are rented for functions, school and church festivals and village fetes and used for recreational purposes, particularly for children. The growth in the use of such devices has led to a rental industry that includes inflatable slides, obstacle courses, and games. Inflatables are ideal for portable amusements because they are easy to transport and store.

An inflatable shaped like an elephant
A "Catch A Wave" inflatable slide
"Bouncy castle" redirects here. For the cryptography software, see Bouncy Castle (cryptography).
A bouncy castle

The name given to such structures varies. They have been marketed with such names as "Bounce House", "Bouncies","Moon Bounce", "Boingalow", "Astrojump", "Moonwalk", "Jolly Jump" and "Spacewalk".

Inflatable castles have been suggested as having some therapeutic value for children with certain sensory impairments, similar to ball pits.[1]

History

The first inflatable structure was designed in 1959 by John Scurlock in Shreveport, Louisiana who was experimenting with inflatable covers for a government request for proposal when he noticed his sons enjoyed jumping on the air structure. He was an electrical engineer and liked physics. Scurlock was a pioneer of inflatable domes, inflatable tents, inflatable signs and his greatest achievement was the invention of the safety air cushion that is used by fire and rescue departments to catch people jumping from buildings or heights.

The first space walk manufacturing company was in New Orleans in a leased warehouse that also sewed horse pads. His wife, Frances, started the first inflatable rental company in 1966 and in 1976 they built a custom facility for the production and rental of the products. They marketed the space walks to children's events such as birthday parties, school fairs and company picnics. These original inflatables did not have the enclosure of today's inflatables.

Their son Frank Scurlock expanded their rental concept throughout the United States under the brand names "Space Walk" and "Inflatable Zoo". Frank also founded the first all inflatable indoor play park called "Fun Factory" on Thanksgiving Day 1986 in Metairie, Louisiana. A second unit was opened in Memphis Tennessee called "Fun Plex" in 1987. Both locations closed after the value of the property became too great for the operations. The first inflatable was an open top mattress with no sides, called a "Space Pillow". In 1967 a pressurized inflatable top was added, it required two fans and got hot in the summer like a greenhouse. That version was called "Space Walk" and was adopted as the company name.[2][3]

In 1974, to solve the heat problem, a new product line called "Jupiter Jump" was created that has inflated columns that supported netting walls which allowed the air to pass through. Further enhancements of this style were developed such as a line of castles and animals which are referred to as the "Inflatable Zoo". In the early 1990s, Frank created the first commercial inflatable water slide called the "Aqua Tunnel". Space Walk was the first company to bring an inflatable to the IAAPA convention, Showmen's Club and the American Rental Association.

The 1975 Neiman Marcus catalog included a closed inflatable trampoline called 'The Moon Walk'. It was designed to increase children's safety.[4]

Construction

The surfaces are typically composed of thick, strong PVC or vinyl and nylon, and the castle is inflated using an electric or petrol-powered blower. The principle is one of constant leakage, meaning small punctures are not a problem - a medium-size "bouncy castle" requires a fan with a mechanical output of about two horsepower (about 1.5 kW) and consumes around 2 kW of electrical power, allowing for the efficiency of the motor.

UK and Australian bouncy castles have specifications calling for fully inflated walls on three sides with an open front and foam "crash mats" to catch children who may jump or fall out of the structure.

Modern moonwalks in the US are typically supported by inflatable columns and enclosed with netting. The netting allows for supervision as adults can see in from all sides.

Another type of home-use inflatable has evolved, with a blower pumping in air continuously. Pores in the seams and material allow air to escape as children play, while the blower continues to inflate the unit. This category has emerged as a response to parents who wish to buy an inflatable for home use.

Standards

In 2005, the most severe standards in the construction of an inflatable amusement were adopted nationally in Australia, forming Federal Standard AS3533.4. This was a landmark safety standard bringing the toughest design/construction/operation standards to the inflatable industry of Australia. In 2006 the European Union (EU) followed and introduced similar standards throughout EU called EN14960:2006 which was then updated in 2013 to EN14960:2013.

In the US, Pennsylvania and New Jersey require inflatables to pass engineering and safety standards before allowing the equipment to be rented out. North Carolina requires amusements rides, including inflatables, to be inspected annually by the North Carolina Department of Labor (NCDOL).[5][6] For inflatables to pass inspection, operators in North Carolina are required to have all training records, a current certificate of insurance, and device manuals. Inflatables that are damaged and not safe will not pass inspection until they are repaired.[7]

Inflatable obstacle courses
A child-sized inflatable obstacle course

There are also inflatable obstacle courses that allow for participants to have races/sword fights and compete against one another. These are commonly rectangular in shape, but can also be square if the course is maze-like. Most obstacle courses have two lanes, but some can have three or four. They feature various such as pop-up obstacles, climbing areas, slides, and tunnels. These are the best choice for very large events since participants move through them quickly.

Games

Some inflatables are designed to allow games such as boxing rings, water football, penalty shootouts, basketball, rumbling, tug of war, and gladiator duels. These interactive inflatable games are made out of the same material that a continuous airflow bounce house is made of. Quad tracks are also popular and provide the perimeter for Quad bike racing.

Injury and death

According to U.S. studies published in the journal Pediatrics in 2012, injuries caused by inflatable rides have been on the rise in the United States. In 2010, "as many as 31 U.S. children per day were treated for injuries sustained in a bounce house, or one child every 46 minutes". That is an estimated 65,000 children under the age of 17 that have been injured from 1990 to 2010.[8] From 2000-2015, there were 64 bounce house accidents in the United States caused by wind, resulting in 271 injuries and 10 deaths.[9]

In May 2001, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission released a bulletin outlining the dangers and recommended safety precautions for operating an inflatable structure.[10] In 2015, after studying the incidents of injury the Consumer Product Safety Commission released a revised bulletin for the recommended safety precautions for operating an inflatable device.[11]

gollark: OW MY EYES
gollark: Which is annoying, since they *could* just run fibre from that box for stupidly high speeds, but noooo...
gollark: So do we, but it's VDSL over copper to some box which has fibre.
gollark: Wow. You somehow have worse interweb than I get in the UK. And the UK is known for awful e-netterweb connections.
gollark: Intraweb?

See also

References
  1. Mauro, Terri and Sharon A. Cermak (2006). The Everything Parent's Guide To Sensory Integration Disorder: Get the Right Diagnosis, Understand Treatments, And Advocate for Your Child. Everything Books. pp. 60. ISBN 9781593377144.
  2. "Mr. John Tom Scurlock Obituary (September 27, 2008)". lakelawn.tributes.com. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
  3. "History of Bounce Houses". jumping.toys. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
  4. Cherry, Robin (2008). Catalog: The Illustrated History of Mail Order Shopping. Princeton Architectural Press. p. 81. ISBN 9781568987392.
  5. "Chapter 95 - Article 14B". www.ncga.state.nc.us. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  6. "NC Department of Labor" (PDF). www.nclabor.com. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  7. "NC Department of Labor" (PDF). www.nclabor.com. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  8. "31 kids a day injured in inflatable bounce houses: study". CTV News. November 26, 2012. Retrieved April 1, 2018.
  9. Samenow, Jason. "U.K. bounce house death highlights danger of inflatable structures and wind". washingtonpost.com. The Washington Post. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
  10. "Inflatable Amusement Rides" Archived 2011-04-29 at the Wayback Machine (May 23, 2001, revised and re-issued December 5, 2001)
  11. ""Amusement Ride Safety Bulletin for Inflatables" (August, 2015)" (PDF). Retrieved 9 April 2018.
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