India at the 2012 Summer Olympics

India competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, from 27 July to 12 August 2012. The Indian Olympic Association sent the nation's largest delegation to the Games in Olympic history.[1] A total of 83 athletes, 60 men and 23 women, competed in 13 sports. Men's field hockey was the only team-based sport in which India had its representation in these Olympic games. India also marked its Olympic return in weightlifting, after the International Weightlifting Federation imposed a two-year suspension for the nation's athletes in Beijing because of a doping scandal.

India at the
2012 Summer Olympics
IOC codeIND
NOCIndian Olympic Association
Websitewww.olympic.ind.in
in London
Competitors83 in 13 sports
Flag bearer Sushil Kumar (opening)
Mary Kom (closing)
Medals
Ranked 56th
Gold
0
Silver
2
Bronze
4
Total
6
Summer Olympics appearances (overview)

The Indian team featured several Olympic medalists from Beijing, including rifle shooter and Olympic gold medalist Abhinav Bindra, who failed to advance into the final rounds of his event in London. Wrestler and Olympic bronze medalist Sushil Kumar managed to claim another medal by winning silver in the men's freestyle wrestling. The Indian Olympic Association also appointed him to be the nation's flag bearer at the opening ceremony.

This was India's most successful Olympics in terms of total medal tally, having won a total of 6 medals (2 silver and 4 bronze), doubling the nation's previous record (3 medals at the 2008 Beijing Olympics). Two medals each were awarded to the athletes in shooting and wrestling. India also set a historical milestone for the female athletes who won two Olympic medals. Badminton player and world junior champion Saina Nehwal became the first Indian athlete to win an Olympic bronze medal in the women's singles. Boxer Mary Kom, on the other hand, lost to Great Britain's Nicola Adams in the semi-final match, but settled for the bronze in the first ever women's flyweight event.

Medalists

Medals by sport
Sport Total
Shooting0112
Wrestling0112
Badminton0011
Boxing0011
Total0246
Medal Name Sport Event Date
 SilverVijay KumarShootingMen's 25 m rapid fire pistol3 August
 SilverSushil KumarWrestlingMen's freestyle 66 kg12 August
 BronzeGagan NarangShootingMen's 10 m air rifle30 July
 BronzeSaina NehwalBadmintonWomen's singles4 August
 BronzeMary KomBoxingWomen's flyweight8 August
 BronzeYogeshwar DuttWrestlingMen's freestyle 60 kg11 August

Competitors

Sport Men Women Total Event
Archery 3364
Athletics 861411
Badminton 2354
Boxing 7188
Field hockey 180181
Judo 0111
Rowing 3032
Shooting 741110
Swimming 1011
Table tennis 1122
Tennis 5274
Weightlifting 1122
Wrestling 4155
Total60238355

Archery

Six Indian archers qualified for the London Olympics – 3 in women's recurve and 3 in men's recurve.[2]

Men
Athlete Event Ranking round Round of 64 Round of 32 Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Final / BM
Score Seed Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Rank
Jayanta Talukdar Individual 650 53  Wukie (USA) (12)
L 0–6
Did not advance
Rahul Banerjee 655 46  Gantögs (MGL) (19)
W 6–0
 Dobrowolski (POL) (14)
L 3–7
Did not advance
Tarundeep Rai 664 31  Stevens (CUB) (34)
W 6–5
 Kim B-M (KOR) (2)
L 2–6
Did not advance
Jayanta Talukdar
Rahul Banerjee
Tarundeep Rai
Team 1969 12 N/A  Japan (JPN) (5)
L 214 (27)–214 (29)
Did not advance
Women
Athlete Event Ranking round Round of 64 Round of 32 Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Final / BM
Score Seed Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Rank
Laishram Bombayla Devi Individual 651 22  Psarra (GRE) (43)
W 6–4
 Román (MEX) (11)
L 2–6
Did not advance
Deepika Kumari 662 8  Oliver (GBR) (57)
L 2–6
Did not advance
Chekrovolu Swuro 625 50  Nichols (USA) (15)
L 5–6
Did not advance
Laishram Bombayla Devi
Deepika Kumari
Chekrovolu Swuro
Team 1938 9 N/A  Denmark (DEN) (8)
L 210–211
Did not advance

Athletics

Fourteen Indian athletes qualified for the Athletics events (up to a maximum of 3 athletes in each event at the 'A' Standard, and 1 at the 'B' Standard).:[3][4]

Ram Singh Yadav finished seventy-eighth in men's marathon.
Men
Track & road events
Athlete Event Final
Result Rank
Basanta Bahadur Rana 50 km walk 3:56:48 NR 36
Baljinder Singh 20 km walk 1:25:39 43
Gurmeet Singh 1:23:34 33
Irfan Kolothum Thodi 1:20:21 NR 10
Ram Singh Yadav Marathon 2:30:06 78
Field events
Athlete Event Qualification Final
Distance Position Distance Position
Vikas Gowda Discus throw 65.20 5 Q 64.79 8
Om Prakash Karhana Shot put 19.86 19 Did not advance
Renjith Maheshwary Triple jump NM Did not advance
Women
Track & road events
Athlete Event Heat Semifinal Final
Result Rank Result Rank Result Rank
Tintu Luka 800 m 2:01.75 3 Q 1:59.69 SB 6 Did not advance
Sudha Singh 3000 m steeplechase 9:48.86 13 Did not advance
Field events
Athlete Event Qualification Final
Distance Position Distance Position
Mayookha Johny Triple jump 13.77 22 Did not advance
Sahana Kumari High jump 1.80 29 Did not advance
Seema Antil Discus throw 61.91 13 Did not advance
Krishna Poonia 63.54 8 Q 63.62 6
Key
  • Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
  • Q = Qualified for the next round
  • q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
  • NR = National record
  • SB = Seasonal best
  • N/A = Round not applicable for the event
  • Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round

Badminton

5 Indian badminton players qualified for the London Olympics.[5]

Athlete Event Group stage Elimination Quarterfinal Semifinal Final / BM
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Rank Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Rank
Parupalli Kashyap Men's singles  Y Tan (BEL)
W 21–14, 21–12
 Nguyễn T M (VIE)
W 21–9, 21–14
N/A 1 Q  N Karunaratne (SRI)
W 21–14, 15–21, 21–9
 Lee C W (MAS)
L 19–21, 11–21
Did not advance
Saina Nehwal Women's singles  S Jaquet (SUI)
W 21–9, 21–4
 L Tan (BEL)
W 21–4, 21–14
N/A 1 Q  Yao J (NED)
W 21–14, 21–16
 T Baun (DEN)
W 21–15, 22–20
 Wang YH (CHN)
L 13–21, 13–21
 Wang X (CHN)
W 18–21, 0–1ret
Jwala Gutta
Ashwini Ponnappa
Women's doubles  M Fujii /
R Kakiiwa (JPN)
L 21–16, 21–18
 Cheng W-h /
Chien Y-c (TPE)
W 25–23, 16–21, 21–18
 S M Sari /
Yao L (SIN)
W 21–16, 21–15
3 Did not advance
Valiyaveetil Diju
Jwala Gutta
Mixed doubles  T Ahmad /
L Natsir (INA)
L 16–21, 12–21
 T Laybourn /
K R Juhl (DEN)
L 12–21, 16–21
 Lee Y-d /
Ha J-e (KOR)
L 15–21, 15–21
4 Did not advance

Boxing

Eight Indian boxers qualified for the London Olympics.[6]

Men
Athlete Event Round of 32 Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Final
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Devendro Singh Light flyweight  Molina (HON)
W RSC
 Serdamba (MGL)
W 16–11
 Barnes (IRL)
L 18–23
Did not advance
Shiva Thapa Bantamweight  Valdez (MEX)
L 9–14
Did not advance
Jai Bhagwan Lightweight  Allisop (SEY)
W 18–8
 Zhailaouv (KAZ)
L 8–16
Did not advance
Manoj Kumar Light welterweight  Hudayberdiyev (TKM)
W 13–7
 Stalker (GBR)
L 16–20
Did not advance
Vikas Krishan Yadav Welterweight Bye  Spence (USA)
L 13–15
Did not advance
Vijender Singh Middleweight  Suzhanov (KAZ)
W 14–10
 Gausha (USA)
W 16–15
 Atoev (UZB)
L 13–17
Did not advance
Sumit Sangwan Light heavyweight  Falcão (BRA)
L 14–15
Did not advance
Women
Athlete Event Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Final
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Mary Kom Flyweight  Michalczuk (POL)
W 19–14
 Rahali (TUN)
W 15–6
 Adams (GBR)
L 6–11
Did not advance

Field hockey

The Indian national Hockey team, on 26 February 2012, had qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics after winning the qualifying tournament against France with a score of 8–1.

India was placed in Pool B of the men's tournament.

Men's tournament

Roster

The following was the Indian roster in the men's field hockey tournament of the 2012 Summer Olympics.[7]

Head Coach: Michael Nobbs


Reserves:

Group play

All times are British Summer Time, (UTC+1).

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1  Netherlands 5 5 0 0 18 7 +11 15 Semi-finals
2  Germany 5 3 1 1 14 11 +3 10
3  Belgium 5 2 1 2 8 7 +1 7 Fifth place game
4  South Korea 5 2 0 3 9 8 +1 6 Seventh place game
5  New Zealand 5 1 2 2 10 14 4 5 Ninth place game
6  India 5 0 0 5 6 18 12 0 Eleventh place game
Source: FIH
30 July 2012
16:00
Netherlands  3–2  India
Van der Horst  20'
Weusthof  29'
Van der Weerden  51'
Report D. Singh  45'
Sh. Singh  48'
Umpires:
Tim Pullman (AUS)
Nathan Stagno (GIB)
1 August 2012
13:45
New Zealand  3–1  India
Hayward  13'
Burrows  24'
Wilson  29'
Report San. Singh  2'
Umpires:
Ged Curran (GBR)
Colin Hutchinson (IRL)
3 August 2012
13:45
Germany  5–2  India
Fuchs  7', 16', 36'
Korn  24'
Wesley  34'
Report Raghunath  13'
Khandker  62'
Umpires:
Kim Hong-lae (KOR)
Gary Simmonds (RSA)
5 August 2012
13:15
India  1–4  South Korea
Chandi  10' Report Jang Jong-hyun  6'
Nam Hyun-woo  59', 70'
Seo Jong-ho  68'
Umpires:
Simon Taylor (NZL)
Gary Simmonds (RSA)
7 August 2012
16:00
India  0–3  Belgium
Report Dekeyser  15'
Boccard  47'
Boon  67'
Umpires:
Kim Hong-lae (KOR)
Nigel Iggo (NZL)
11th–12th Place
11 August 2012
08:30
South Africa  3–2  India
Cronje  8'
Drummond  34'
Norris-Jones  65'
Report San. Singh  14'
D. Singh  67'
Umpires:
Kim Hong-lae (KOR)
German Montes de Oca (ARG)

This was the worst show ever by India at the Olympics.[8]

Judo

There is only one Indian judoka at the London Olympics.[9]

Athlete Event Round of 32 Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Repechage Final / BM
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Garima Chaudhary Women's −63 kg  Ueno (JPN)
L 0000–0100
Did not advance

Rowing

India has qualified the following boats.[10]

Men
Athlete Event Heats Repechage Quarterfinals Semifinals Finals
Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank
Sawarn Singh Single sculls 6:54.04 4 R 7:00:49 1 Q 7:11.59 4 SC/D 7:36.25 2 FC 7:29.66 16
Sandeep Kumar
Manjeet Singh
Lightweight double sculls 6:56.60 4 R 6:54.20 6 SC/D N/A 7:19.31 4 FD 7:08.39 19

Qualification Legend: FA=Final A (medal); FB=Final B (non-medal); FC=Final C (non-medal); FD=Final D (non-medal); FE=Final E (non-medal); FF=Final F (non-medal); SA/B=Semifinals A/B; SC/D=Semifinals C/D; SE/F=Semifinals E/F; Q=Quarterfinals; R=Repechage

Shooting

Eleven Indian shooters qualified for the London Olympics, with seven male and four female competitors. India has earned 11 quotas in shooting events.[11] India has been most successful in this category this year with Gagan Narang and Vijay Kumar winning bronze and silver medals respectively.

Men
Athlete Event Qualification Final
Points Rank Points Rank
Abhinav Bindra 10 m air rifle 594 16 Did not advance
Joydeep Karmakar 50 m rifle prone 595 7 Q 699.1 4
Vijay Kumar 10 m air pistol 570 31 Did not advance
25 m rapid fire pistol 585 4 Q 30
Gagan Narang 10 m air rifle 598 3 Q 701.1
50 m rifle prone 593 18 Did not advance
50 m rifle 3 positions 1164 20 Did not advance
Sanjeev Rajput 50 m rifle 3 positions 1161 26 Did not advance
Manavjit Singh Sandhu Trap 119 16 Did not advance
Ronjan Sodhi Double trap 134 11 Did not advance
Women
Athlete Event Qualification Final
Points Rank Points Rank
Shagun Chowdhary Trap 61 20 Did not advance
Rahi Sarnobat 25 m pistol 579 19 Did not advance
Heena Sidhu 10 m air pistol 382 12 Did not advance
Annuraj Singh 25 m pistol 575 30 Did not advance
10 m air pistol 378 23 Did not advance

Swimming

India has gained a "Universality place" from the FINA.[12]

Men
Athlete Event Heat Final
Time Rank Time Rank
Ullalmath Gagan 1500 m freestyle 16:31.14 31 Did not advance

Table tennis

India has won 2 quotas in table tennis.[13]

Athlete Event Preliminary round Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Quarterfinals Semifinals Final / BM
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Soumyajit Ghosh Men's singles Bye  Tsuboi (BRA)
W 4–2
 Kim H-B (PRK)
L 1–4
Did not advance
Ankita Das Women's singles Bye  Ramirez (ESP)
L 1–4
Did not advance

Tennis

India has won 7 quotas in tennis.[14]

Men
Athlete Event Round of 64 Round of 32 Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Final / BM
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Rank
Somdev Devvarman Singles  Nieminen (FIN)
L 3–6, 1–6
Did not advance
Vishnu Vardhan  Kavčič (SLO)
L 3–6, 2–6
Did not advance
Mahesh Bhupathi
Rohan Bopanna
Doubles N/A  Bury /
Mirnyi (BLR)
W 7–6(7–4), 6–7(4–7), 8–6
 Benneteau /
Gasquet (FRA)
L 3–6, 4–6
Did not advance
Leander Paes
Vishnu Vardhan
N/A  Haase /
Rojer (NED)
W 7–6(7–1), 4–6, 6–2
 Llodra /
Tsonga (FRA)
L 6–7(3–7), 6–4, 3–6
Did not advance
Women
Athlete Event Round of 32 Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Final / BM
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Rank
Rushmi Chakravarthi
Sania Mirza
Doubles  Chuang C-j /
Hsieh S-w (TPE)
L 1–6, 6–3, 1–6
Did not advance
Mixed
Athlete Event Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Final
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Rank
Leander Paes
Sania Mirza
Doubles  Ivanovic /
Zimonjić (SRB)
W 6–2, 6–4
 Azarenka /
Mirnyi (BLR)
L 5–7, 6–7(5–7)
Did not advance

Weightlifting

India has won 2 quotas in weightlifting.[15]

Athlete Event Snatch Clean & Jerk Total Rank
Result Rank Result Rank
Katulu Ravi Kumar Men's −69 kg 136 16 167 15 303 15
Ngangbam Soniya Chanu Women's −48 kg 74 8 97 7 171 7

Wrestling

India has won 5 quotas in the following events.[16]

Key:

  • VT - Victory by Fall.
  • PP - Decision by Points - the loser with technical points.
  • PO - Decision by Points - the loser without technical points.
Men's freestyle
Athlete Event Qualification Round of 16 Quarterfinal Semifinal Repechage 1 Repechage 2 Final / BM
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Amit Kumar −55 kg Bye  Rahimi (IRI)
W 3–1 PP
 Khinchegashvili (GEO)
L 1–3 PP
Did not advance Bye  Velikov (BUL)
L 0–3 PO
Did not advance 10
Yogeshwar Dutt −60 kg  Guidea (BUL)
W 3–1 PP
 Kudukhov (RUS)
L 0–3 PO
Did not advance  Gómez (PUR)
W 3–0 PO
 Esmaeilpour (IRI)
W 3–1 PP
 Ri J-M (PRK)
W 3–1 PP
Sushil Kumar −66 kg Bye  Şahin (TUR)
W 3–1 PP
 Navruzov (UZB)
W 3–1 PP
 Tanatarov (KAZ)
W 3–1 PP
Bye  Yonemitsu (JPN)
L 0–3 PO
Narsingh Pancham Yadav[17] −74 kg Bye  Gentry (CAN)
L 1–3 PP
Did not advance 14
Women's freestyle
Athlete Event Qualification Round of 16 Quarterfinal Semifinal Repechage 1 Repechage 2 Final / BM
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Geeta Phogat[18] −55 kg Bye  Verbeek (CAN)
L 1–3 PP
Did not advance Bye  Lazareva (UKR)
L 0–3 PO
Did not advance 13

Controversies

Opening ceremony

An unknown woman in civilian attire was seen walking at the head of the Indian Olympic team's march past during the Parade of Nations. Her presence attracted media attention throughout India and raised questions about security at the Olympic Games. The woman was subsequently identified as Madhura Nagendra (incorrectly referred to by some sources as Madhura Honey[19][20]), a graduate student from Bangalore living in London[21] and a dancer in a segment of the opening ceremony co-ordinated by Danny Boyle.[22] The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games issued an apology to the Indian contingent over the incident and revoked Nagendra's Olympic security accreditation.[23] On her return to India, Nagendra issued a public apology for her "error of judgement".[24]

Boxing

Boxer Sumit Sangwan lost a closely contested bout 14–15 against Yamaguchi Falcao Florentino of Brazil in the light heavyweight category round of 32. The ESPN commentators described the loss as "daylight robbery."[25] India's acting chef-de-mission Brigadier P. K. M. Raja, on the insistence of Sports Minister Ajay Maken, lodged an unsuccessful appeal against the judges' decision believing he had won.[26]

A win by Vikas Krishan in the welterweight pre-quarters was overturned after an appeal by the opponent Errol Spence. The Indian was given four penalty points and the score was changed from 11–13 to 15–13 in favour of Errol Spence.[27] The decision was overturned citing the nine holding fouls committed by the Indian boxer in the third round and for spitting out the gumshield intentionally. As the jury's decision was final, no further appeal by the Indians were permitted. India through its Acting Chef de Mission Brigadier PKM Raja approached the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS)[28] but the appeal was rejected.[29]

Boxer Manoj Kumar lost his pre quarterfinal light welterweight bout against Great Britain's Tom Stalker in a controversial manner. The boxer was at the wrong end of some of the judging calls and he cried "cheating" openly before leaving the boxing arena.[30]

Badminton

Jwala Gutta and Ashwini Ponnappa missed out on a badminton - women's doubles quarterfinal berth by a difference of one point after tying with Japan and Taipei on points. Prior to India's final group game, the Japanese partnership of Mizuki Fujii and Reika Kakiiwa lost to Chinese Taipei's Cheng Wen Hsing and Chien Yu Chin. On behalf of the Badminton Association of India, a protest was lodged saying that the match between Japan and Chinese Taipei was fixed and that Japan had deliberately lost that match in order to have a better draw in the next round. The Indian appeal was turned down by force.

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gollark: Sure.
gollark: OH DEARABNORMAL CRAB LEVEL
gollark: I am of course working on contingency β.
gollark: Wondrous.

See also

References

  1. "Olympics 2012: India to send biggest ever contingent". Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  2. "Archery Contingent".
  3. "iaaf.org – Top Lists". IAAF. Retrieved 6 September 2011.
  4. "IAAF Games of the XXX Olympiad – London 2012 ENTRY STANDARDS" (PDF). IAAF. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 7, 2012. Retrieved 6 September 2011.
  5. "Badminton Contingent".
  6. "Boxing Contingent".
  7. "Hockey India announce Olympic team". FIH. 2012-06-12. Retrieved 2012-07-05.
  8. "Indian hockey's worst performance ever: Olympic gold medallists - Yahoo News India". In.news.yahoo.com. 2012-08-10. Retrieved 2014-08-13.
  9. "Judo Contingent".
  10. "Three rowers make the cut for Olympics".
  11. "Quota places by nation and name". International Shooting Sport Federation. Retrieved 28 May 2011.
  12. "FINA Universality Places" (PDF). FINA. 6 July 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 11, 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
  13. "Table Tennis Contingent".
  14. "Tennis Contingent".
  15. "Weightlifting Contingent".
  16. "Wrestling Contingent".
  17. Padmadeo, Vinayak (4 May 2012). "Narsingh makes his last chance count". The Indian Express. New Delhi, India.
  18. Sejwal, Ritu (1 April 2012). "Geeta wins gold in Asian qualifying event, books London Olympics berth". The Times of India. TNN.
  19. Sinha Namya (30 July 2012). "All hail the lady in red!". Hindustan Times. New Delhi. Archived from the original on 4 August 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
  20. Manuja Veerappa; Johnlee Abraham (3 August 2012). "I apologise to my countrymen, says Madhura 'Honey'". The Asian Age. Bengaluru. Archived from the original on 4 August 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
  21. Jill Lawless (29 July 2012) India's Olympic Team Abuzz About Mystery Woman From London Olympics Opening Ceremony The Huffington Post. Retrieved 30 July 2012.
  22. Anil Kumar (30 July 2012). Olympic gatecrasher 'over-excited' Madhura, a dancer from Bangalore The Times of India. Retrieved 30 July 2012.
  23. "Olympics organising committee apologises for Madhura incident". Firstpost.com. 31 July 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
  24. "It was error of judgement, says gatecrasher at the Olympics Opening Ceremony". New Delhi Television. 2 August 2012. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
  25. "Indian boxer Sangwan loses a bout he had 'won' - London Olympics 2012 News - IBNLive". Ibnlive.in.com. Retrieved 2012-08-02.
  26. "Appeal against Sumit Sangwan's bout rejected". NDTV Sport. 31 July 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-07-31. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
  27. "Errol Spence's Olympic Loss Overturned". NBC 5. 3 August 2012. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
  28. India approach CAS after AIBA decision
  29. CAS rejects India's appeal on Vikas Krishan - Yahoo! News India
  30. "Manoj Kumar cries 'cheating' after exit from Games". Hindustan Times. 2012-05-08. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
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