Illič-Svityč's law

In linguistics, Illič-Svityč's law refers to two Proto-Slavic rules, named after Vladislav Illich-Svitych who first identified and explained them.

Neuter o-stems

Proto-Slavic neuter o-stems with fixed accent on a non-acute root (accent paradigm b) become masculines, retaining the accent paradigm. Compare:

  • PIE *dʰwórom n > OCS dvorъ m
  • PIE *médʰu n 'mead' > PSl. *medu m (OCS medъ)

This rule is important because it operated after the influx of Proto-Germanic/Gothic thematic neuters, which all became masculines in Proto-Slavic. Late Proto-Germanic (after the operation of Verner's law) had fixed accent on the first syllable. Compare:

  • PSl. *xlaiwu m 'pigsty' (OCS xlěvъ ) < PGm. *hlaiwą n
  • PSl. *xūsu/xūzu m 'house' (OCS xyzъ) < PGm. *hūsą n
  • PSl. *pulku m 'folk, people' (OCS plъkъ) < PGm. *fulką n

Masculine o-stems

Proto-Slavic masculine o-stems with fixed accent on a non-acute root (accent paradigm b) become mobile-accent (accent paradigm c). This change is also termed "Holzer's metatony", after linguist Georg Holzer who described it.[1]

Older literature suggests that this was not a Common Slavic innovation, and that there are exceptions in some Croatian Čakavian dialects of Susak and Istria, which have retained the original accentuation. This has been recently disputed.[2]

Notes
  1. Jay Jasanoff. The Prehistory of the Balto-Slavic Accent. p. 163.
  2. Vermeer 2001
gollark: Yes. But in a game against himself, Lemmmy *always* wins.
gollark: It is weird that kristpay has everyone on the server use one shared wallet, though.
gollark: The admins here are pretty good and I trust them to not utterly mess things up for the server, but I wouldn't trust this for, say, real-world financial transactions.
gollark: They do freeze accounts sometimes I think.
gollark: I don't know if they *have* actually used their admin powers for much, but it's important to know that it is not actually a cryptocurrency and is centrally controlled.

References
  • Ranko Matasović (2008). Poredbenopovijesna gramatika hrvatskoga jezika (in Croatian). Zagreb: Matica hrvatska. ISBN 978-953-150-840-7.
  • Willem Vermeer (2001). Critical observations on the modus operandi of the Moscow Accentological School, Werner Lehfeldt, Einführung in die morphologische Konzeption der slavischen Akzentologie, 2d edition, München: Sagner, pp. 131–161.
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