Ikarus 280

Ikarus 280 was an articulated bus produced by Hungarian bus manufacturer Ikarus from 1973 to 2002.[1] It was succeeded by the Ikarus 435 in 1985. Urban, semi-rural and rural variants exist (see the subtypes below).

Ikarus 280
Preserved Ikarus 280 at the Public Transport Museum, Prague in September 2013
Overview
ManufacturerIkarus
Body and chassis
Doors2 (Ikarus 280.10) to 4 (Ikarus 280.08)
Floor typeHigh-floor
ChassisSemi-self-supporting with frame, inspired by VöV-1 design
RelatedIkarus 256
Ikarus 260
Ikarus 293
Ikarus C80
Powertrain
EngineStraight-six Diesel engines:
  • Rába-MAN D 2156
  • Rába-MAN D 2356
  • Rába-MAN D 2866
  • Rába D–10
Capacity93-160, depending on the door formula and seating arrangement
Power output141–184 kW (189–247 hp)
TransmissionCsepel ZF 6-speed manual

Csepel HAFO 6-speed manual

Praga 2M70 2-speed automatic
Voith DIWA
ZF Ecomat 4HP and 5HP
Dimensions
Length16,500 mm (54 ft 1 5⁄8 in)
Width2,500 mm (8 ft 2 3⁄8 in)
Height3,165 mm (10 ft 4 5⁄8 in)
Curb weight12,580 kg (27,730 lb)
Chronology
PredecessorIkarus 180
SuccessorIkarus 435
Interior of Ikarus 280

Construction features

The Ikarus 280 is a model of the Ikarus 200 series. It is made of two rigid sections linked by a pivoting joint. The body is a semi-self-supporting body with a frame, the Raba-MAN D2156 inline-6 diesel engine is mounted in the front section.[lower-alpha 1] It powers the middle axle, meaning that the bus has puller configuration. All three axles are air-sprung beam axles with additional telescopic shock absorbers. Both rear and middle axles were made by Rába, while the front axle was made by LiAZ.[lower-alpha 2] Either an automatic or a manual gearbox was installed that allowed a top speed of 65 to 90 kilometres per hour (40 to 56 mph). The manual gearboxes came in either five- or six-speed configuration, and were mated with a dry single-disc clutch. The Ikarus 280 has a pneumatic braking system, a spring loaded parking brake, and an exhaust brake. The steering is hydraulically assisted.[2] Theoretical maximum of Ikarus 280 is 258 passengers.[lower-alpha 3] The buses, in actual applications, have a minimum of 26 seats, and has space for up to 134 additional standing passengers.[lower-alpha 4]

Production and operation

Production started in 1973 and ended in 2002. It was based on Ikarus 200 platform and had many variants produced. Currently, the number of Ikarus 280 buses is getting reduced, due to supply of new low-floor buses. The articulated buses 281(RHD), 282 (18 m (59 ft)-version), 283 and 284 (pusher configuration), C80, C83, the articulated trolleybuses Ikarus 280T, 283T, 284T and double articulated Ikarus 293 were based on the Ikarus 280. Details are listed below:

Ikarus 280 subtypes [3]
Subtype Operator Engine Gearbox Door formula Wheels Passenger capacity Destination sign Disposition and Notes
280.00 A BKV operator (1973–1986) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Prága 2M70 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors (1973–1986);
electric doors (1986)		 MVG 832 tengelyek 35+112 Placard billenőkapcsolós ajtónyitók
280.01 A Szovjetunió és Kína operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A8 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 37+109
280.02 Az NDK operator (–1978) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A8 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 37+109
Az NDK operator (1978–1990) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 MVG 832 tengelyek 37+109
280.03 Az NDK operator (–1978) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A8 2-0-2-0
pneumatic doors		 56+60
280.03HM Defence Ministry of Hungary Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A2.B2.C1.D3.E2 2-0-2-0
pneumatic doors		 56+60 based on 280.03
280.04 Bulgária operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A2.B2.C1.D3.E2
(1974–1977);
Cs.ZF S6-90U (1977–1982)		 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 MVG 832 tengelyek 37+110
280.05 Románia operator (1977) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A8 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 35+111
280.06 A Volán operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Prága 2M70.03 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors (–1985)
electric doors (1985–)		 34+112
280.07 Tunézia operator (1977) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A2.B2.C1.D3.E2 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 35+125
280.08 Csehszlovákia operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6U
(–1975, 1988);
Rába-MAN D2356HM6U
(1978–1987)		 ASH 75.2-A2.B2 (–1975);
ZF S6 (1978–)		 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 ? 37+109
280.08A Csehszlovákia és a Szovjetunió operator
(1976; 1989–1990)		 Raba-MAN D2156 HM6UT Csepel ZF S6-90U-734.5 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 ? ?
280.08B Csehszlovákia operator
(1992)		 ? ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ? ?
280.09 Peru operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A8.B2 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 34+126
280.10 Csehszlovákia, Magyarország és a Szovjetunió operator
(1975–1989)		 Raba-MAN D2156 HM6U
Raba-MAN D2356 HM6U		 ASH 75.2-A2.B4 2-0-2-0
pneumatic doors		 ? 57+59
280.10A Csehszlovákia operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6U
(–1988);
Rába-MAN D2156HM6UT
(1989–1990)		 Prága 2M70 (–1988);
Cs.ZF S6-90U-734.5 (1989–1990)		 2-0-2-0
pneumatic doors		 MVG 832 tengelyek 57+59
280.11 Lengyelország operator (1978) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A8 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 MVG 018.59 tengelyek 35+106
280.12 Csehszlovákia operator Rába-MAN D2356HM6U Prága 2M70.18 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 Trilex 37+103
280.13 Venezuela operator (1975) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-8 2-2-2-0
pneumatic doors		 43+72
280.14 Venezuela operator (1975) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-8 2-2-2-0
pneumatic doors		 55+50
280.15 Az MKV és SzKT operator (–1989)
(Néhány példány a Malévhoz
és a Nógrád Volánhoz került.)		 Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Prága 2M70.16
ASH 75.2-A8 (Malév)		 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors
(–1985, Malévnak –1986);
electric doors (1986–)		 35+112
280.16 A Volán operator (1977) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Prága 2M70.03 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 51+67
280.17 A Volán operator (1976–1990);
Tunézia operator (1976–1977)		 Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A8.B4.C1.D3.E2
(1976–1984);
Cs.ZF S6-90U-001.1 (1985–1990)		 Tuzénia:2-0-2-0
pneumatic doors;
Volán:4-0-4-4
pneumatic doors (1976–1984);
electric doors (1985–1990)		 MVG 832 tengelyek (1985–) 60+79 (Tunézia)
50+67 (Volán)
280.18 A Szovjetunió operator Rába-MAN D2356HM6U GM3-80 (Lvov-3 19.17) 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 37+109
280.19A Kína operator (1977) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 37+109
280.19B
280.20 Tunézia operator (1980) MAN D2156HMXU;
Rába-MAN D2156HM6U		 ASH 75.2-A8.B4.C1.D3.E2;
ASH 75.2		 2-0-2-0
pneumatic doors		 60+79
280.21 (1977) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A8.B4.C1.D3.E2
280.22 Görögország operator (1978) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Renk-Doromat 874A 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors
280.23 Pécs operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6U GMP 4-0-4-4
pneumatic doors
280.24 Tunézia operator (1978) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Renk-Doromat 874A 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 36+132 Rolling destination signs
280.25 İETT(1978) Rába-MAN D2356HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-709 4-4-0-4
pneumatic doors		 38+116 Placard
280.26 Lengyelország operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-B7(–1989);
Cs.ZF S6-909U-734.5 (1989–)		 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 MVG 832 tengelyek (1985–) 35+122
280.26A Lengyelország operator (1992) 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 35+106
280.27 A Volán operator Rába-MAN D2356HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U 2-2-2-2
electric doors
280.28 Ankara operator Rába-MAN D2356HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-003 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 Trilex 36+118
280.29 Tunézia operator (1980) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Renk-Doromat 874A 4-0-4-4
pneumatic doors		 26+134 Rolling destination signs
280.30 Tunézia operator (1980) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2 4-0-4-4
pneumatic doors		 55+90 Placard
280.30A A Volán operator (1997–) Raba D10 UTSLL190 ? (automata) 2-0-2-2
electric doors
280.30M A Volán operator (1997–) Raba D10 UTSLL190 ? (mechanikus) 2-0-2-2
electric doors
280.31 Tunézia és Kuvait operator (1980) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Renk-Doromat 874A Tunézia: 4-4-0-4
pneumatic doors;
Kuvait: 2-0-2-0
lengőajtók		 Template:Szám Thermo King klímaaggregát (Kuvait) Tunézia: 26+135 Rolling destination signs (Tunézia)
280.32 Tunézia operator (1980) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 26+135 Placard
280.33 A Szovjetunió, majd a FÁK operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6U; Rába D10UTSLL Szovjetunió:
Cs.ZF S6-90U-003.1		 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 FÁK: MVG 832 tengelyek 37+109
280.33A Moszkva operator (1994) Raba D10 ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ? ?
280.33C Moszkva operator(1995) Daimler-BenzOM 447hA ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ? ?
280.33M Oroszország operator (1996–1997) Raba D10 UTSLL160/190 ? 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 ? 34+127 Néhányat átalakítottak LPG-üzemre.
280.33O Magyarország, Moldova, Oroszország és Tádzsikisztán operator (1995–1998; 2002) Raba D10 ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ? ?
280.34 Tunézia operator
(1982–1983, 1989–1992)		 Rába-MAN D2156HM6U (1982–1983);
Rába-MAN D2356HM6U (1989–1992)		 Cs.ZF S6-90U-001.1 (1982–1983); Cs.ZF S6-90U-734.4 (1989–1992) 2-0-2-0
pneumatic doors		 MVG 118.84 Trilex 60+79
280.35 Tunézia operator (1982–1983) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-709 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 36+126
280.37 Lengyelország és a Szovjetunió operator (1988; 1992) MAN D2866TUH ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 34+110
280.37A Lengyelország operator (1993) MAN D2866TUH ZF5 HP 590 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 34+110
280.37B Lengyelország operator (1994) MAN D2866TUH Voith-DIWA 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 34+110
280.37C Lengyelország operator (1993–1994) MAN D2866TUH Voith-DIWA 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 34+110
280.37D Lengyelország operator (1994) MAN D2866TUH Voith-DIWA 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 34+110
280.38 Kuba operator (1982–1986) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Prága 2M70.16K 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 Trilex 35+113
280.38A Lengyelország operator
(1994–1995)		 MAN D0826 ZF Ecomat HP500 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 34+110
280.39 Tunézia operator (1982) Rába-MAN D2356HM6U ? ? ?
280.40 A Szovjetunió operator (1987) Rába-MAN D2356HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-734.3 2-0-2-0
electric doors		 Trilex 60+56
280.40A A BKV Rt. operator (1997) Rába D10 UTSLL 160 (Euro II.) ZF-Ecomat 4HP 500 (automata) 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 Trilex 35+112 FOK-GYEM 280.49 alapján, vázcserével lettek átalakítva;
piros 7-173 festés
280.40M Magyarország operator (1997–2003) Raba D10 UTSLL190 Voith 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ? Placard
280.41 A Szovjetunió operator (1987) Rába-MAN D2356HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-734.4 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 MVG 118.83 Trilex 37+109
280.42 Tunézia operator ? Voith-DIWA ? ?
280.43 Bulgária operator (1982–1986) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Prága 2M70.16 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 37+110
280.44 Tunézia operator (1982) Rába-MAN D2356HM6U ? ? ?
280.45 Szíria operator (1982) Rába-MAN D2356HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-709 4-0-4-4
pneumatic doors		 40+105
280.46 Lengyelország operator (1986) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Prága 2M70.16 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 ?
280.47 A Volán operator (1985–) ? ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ?
280.48 A Szovjetunió operator
(1987–1989)		 Rába-MAN D2356HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-734.5 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 MVG 118.83 Trilex 37+110 Kettéosztott első ajtó működtetés
280.49 A BKV operator (1986–1993) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ZF4 HP 500 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors (1986);
electric doors(1986–1993)		 35+112 Placard;
FOK-GYEM
280.50 Az MKV operator (1990) Rába-Man D2156HM6UT Voith 851.2 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ? Placard
280.51 Az Malév operator (1987–1989) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 37+110
280.52 A Volán operator (1986–1994) Rába-MAN D2356HM6U Prága 2M70.28 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 MVG 318.86 34+116
280.52A A Volán operator (1990) Rába-MAN D2156HM6UT Prága 2M70.28 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 MVG 318.86 34+116
280.52B A Volán operator (1992) Rába-MAN D2356HM6U Prága 2M70.30 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 34+116
280.52C Pécs operator (1994) Raba-MAN D2356 HM6U ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 34+116
280.52D A Tisza Volán operator (1995) Raba D10 Voith-DIWA 863.3 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 34+116
280.52E Jászkun Volán operator (1995) ? ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 34+116
280.52F Tisza Volán operator (1996) Raba-DELTEC G10 DE-190 ZF 4HP500 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 34+116 Gázüzemű busz
280.52G Tisza Volán operator (1997; 1999; 2002) ? ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ? ? Gázüzemű busz
280.53 Lengyelország operator (1987) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-B6 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 MVG 118.84, MVG 832 tengelyek 35+113
280.54 Magyarország operator (1987; 1992) Rába-MAN D2356HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-734.4 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 MVG 009.85 tengelyek 52+67
280.54A Magyarország operator (1989; 1991–1992) Rába-MAN D2356HM6UT Cs.ZF S6-90U-734.4 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 MVG 009.85 tengelyek 52+67
280.54B A Vértes Volán operator ? ? ? ? ?
280.54C A Tisza Volán operator (1995) ? ? ? ? ?
280.54D A Tisza Volán operator (1991) ? ? ? ? ?
280.57 Lengyelország operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6UT Cs.ZF S6-90U-734.4 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 MVG 118.83, MVG 832 tengelyek 35+113
280.58 Lengyelország operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6UT ZF4 HP 500 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 MVG 318.85 tengelyek 35+113
280.58A Lengyelország operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6UT ZF5 HP 500 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 MVG 318.85 tengelyek 35+113
280.58B Lengyelország operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6UT ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ? ?
280.59 Szovjetunió operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-003.1 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 Trilex 37+110
280.60 Ecuador operator Cummins LTA 10/B 290H Cs.ZF S6-120U-018 2-0-2-2
electric doors		 55+?
280.60A Ecuador operator Cummins LTA 10/B 250H Cs.ZF S6-120U-018 2-0-2-2
electric doors		 55+?
280.61 ? ? ? 2-0-2-0
pneumatic doors		 ? ?
280.62 Tunézia operator (1989–1990) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-734.5 4-4-0-4
pneumatic doors		 MVG 118.62 Trilex 38+115+1
280.63 Szovjetunió operator Rába-MAN D2156HM6UT Cs.ZF S6-90U-003.1 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 37+110
280.64 Szovjetunió operator (1989–1990) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-003.1 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 37+110
280.65 Tunézia operator (1989–1992) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U Voith 851.2 4-4-0-4
pneumatic doors		 MVG 118.62 Trilex 38+115+1
280.65A Tunézia operator (1991) DAF LT 160 Voith 851.2 4-4-0-4
pneumatic doors		 Trilex 38+113+1
280.66 ESHOT (1992) Raba-MAN D2866 Cs.ZF S6-90U-049 2-2-2-2

pneumatic doors

 Trilex 36+124
280.67 İETT (1991) Rába-MAN D2156HM6UT Cs.ZF S6-90U-049 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 Trilex 36+124
280.67A ? Rába-MAN D2156HMT6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-049 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 Trilex; Nincs megállófék 36+124
280.67B İETT Rába-MAN D2156HMT6U Cs.ZF S6-90U-049 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 Trilex; megállófékkel 36+124
280.68 Antalya operator (Törökország) (1990) Rába-MAN D2156HM6UT Cs.ZF S6-90U-734.5 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 Trilex; megállófékkel 37+118
280.68A Bursa operator (Törökország) (1992) Rába-MAN D2156HM6UT Cs.ZF S6-90U-734.5 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 Trilex; megállófékkel 34+124
280.69 Iran operator MAN D2866TUH Voith DIWA 863 2-2-2-0
electric doors		 45+87
280.70A Lengyelország operator Rába D10-180 ? 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ?
280.70B
280.70C
280.70D Lengyelország operator Rába D10UTSLL 180 ZF Ecomat HP500 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 MVG 009 ?
280.70E Lengyelország operator Rába D10UTSLL 180 ZF 4HP590
Voith DIWA		 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ? ?
280.72 Bursa operator (Törökország) ? ? ? ? ?
280.73 Lengyelország operator ? ? ? ? ?
280.80 Jekatyerinburg operator (Oroszország)(1994) MAN D2866TUH001 ? 2-2-2-2

electric doors

 ? ?
280.82 Jekatyerinburg operator (Oroszország)(1994) MAN D2865LUH05 ? 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 Trilex ?
280.84 Rosztov operator (Oroszország)(1994) Renault YP 83MO ? 2-2-2-2(?)

pneumatic doors

 Trilex ?
280.86 Kurgan operator (Oroszország) ? ? ? ? ?
280.87 Szlovákia operator Raba D10 UTSLL160 Csepel ZF S6 2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ? ?
280.99 Tanzánia operator (1974) Rába-MAN D2156HM6U ASH 75.2-A8.B4.C1.D3.E2 0-4-4-4
pneumatic doors		 ? 42+98 Bal kormányos kivitel, bal oldali ajtókkal
280G A Hajdú Volán operator
(1986, 1992);
a Tisza Volán operator
(1996–2002)		 Rába Transcom 6 hengeres, fekvő, soros, négyütemű, szikragyújtású, turbófeltöltős, sűrített földgáz motor (CNG) Voith D863.3 4-4-4-4
pneumatic doors
2-2-2-2
electric doors		 ? 42+105

Ikarus C80

Ikarus C80 is a limited-run reproduction of Ikarus 280 in 2000s. It is slightly different from original Ikarus 280 in few regards. All are used by Hungarian company Volanbusz.

Ikarus C80 subtypes [4]
Subtype Engine Gearbox Door formula
C80.30A Rába D10 UTSLL ZF 4HP 500/Voith-Diwa 851.3 2-0-2-2 wide
C80.30M Rába D10 UTSLL ZF S6-120U 2-0-2-2 wide
C80.33 Rába D10 UTSLL ZF S6-120U/ZF 4HP 500/Voith-Diwa 851.3 2-2-2-2 inward folding
C80.40A Rába D10 UTSLL ZF 4HP 500/Voith-Diwa 851.3 2-2-2-2 wide
C80.40M Rába D10 UTSLL ZF S6-120U 2-2-2-2 wide
gollark: That way if they try and be evil and copy it they'll stop getting updates unless the HWID matches.
gollark: Ah, the launcher thing could work.
gollark: What if some ultrahacker *copies* the self-destruct setup and it only deletes one copy of itself?
gollark: How will they obtain this “new ID“?
gollark: What if they move computers, actually?

See also

Notes
  1. Different batches with different engines also exist.
  2. Different batches with different axles also exist
  3. Assuming 75kg per passenger and 32 tonne maximum weight.
  4. This capacity corresponds to approximately seven standing passengers per square metre (or one per square feet). See the table below for exact capacities of various types.

References
  1. "Фото: Таджикистан, № 0171 ТТ 01 — Ikarus 280.33O — Фотобус". fotobus.msk.ru. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  2. Oswald, Werner (ed.): Kraftfahrzeuge der DDR, (2nd ed.), Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-613-01913-2, p. 315 (in German)
  3. Subtype numbers were not sequentially allocated. They are allocated by IKARUS Autobusz Zrt. internally to reflect similar features.
  4. Those subtypes are numbered to correspond to similar types of original Ikarus 280.
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