Horse of Copinsay

The Horse of Copinsay, also known as the Horse, is a rectangular uninhabited[2] sea stack to the north east of Copinsay in the Orkney Islands, Scotland.

Horse of Copinsay from north west
Southwards from the eastern edge of the Horse of Copinsay. You can see the Copinsay lighthouse on the high ground of that island in the distance.
Some of the "residents" of the Horse and their traces
Horse of Copinsay

View of cliffs, in mid storm
Location
Horse of Copinsay
Horse of Copinsay shown within Orkney
Coordinates
Physical geography
Island groupOrkney Islands
Highest elevation28m[1]
Administration
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
CountryScotland
Council areaOrkney Islands
Demographics
Population0

Name

The Norse were fond of zoomorphising smaller islands - for example, smaller islands lying off a larger one are often termed "Calf", e.g. Calf of Flotta, Calf of Man or even Calf of Cava (the latter a tautology). Some are even "hens", like the Hen of Gairsay. However "horses" are fairly rare. Coincidentally, the old name of Mainland, Orkney meant "horse island".[3]

Geography and geology

Like most of the other islands of Orkney, the bedrock is Middle Old red sandstone of Rousay type of the Devonian period, but much eroded and tilted. [4]

The islet is separated from Copinsay by Horse Sound, and to the south west is Corn Holm. Mainland Orkney is due west, and Auskerry and Stronsay are much further to the north. The Horse is the easternmost of the southern Orkney islands.

The Blaster Hole is a sea jet, of the type known in the Northern Isles as a gloup. When a storm blows in from the east, the aptly named Blaster Hole can produce a spout of nearly 60 metres (200 ft) highly, solely by wave power.[4]

Use

The tiny islet was used for grazing, and appears never to have been inhabited (although a number of the smaller islands were often used by culdee anchorites). Pigs and sheep were grazed here, but not horses as the name might suggest. As Haswell-Smith says:

"As with many small islands, the demand for grazing was so great that the islanders [of Copinsay] would carry sheep to the top of the Horse, but it was said that it could fatten one sheep, and feed two, but three would starve. In the Spring, pigs were also hoisted up to fatten on the huge 'crop' of sea-birds' eggs. The pigs' coarse hair was used to make the strong rope needed for fowling. 'Lee-running' was the local name for the organised collection of sea-birds' eggs, which was still practised on Copinsay in the 1940s."[4]
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References
  1. "Horse of Copinsay". Gazetteer for Scotland. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  2. "Horse of Copinsay Classification and Statistics". Gazetteer for Scotland. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  3. Anderson, Joseph (Ed.) (1893) Orkneyinga Saga. Translated by Jón A. Hjaltalin & Gilbert Goudie. Edinburgh. James Thin and Mercat Press (1990 reprint). ISBN 0-901824-25-9
  4. Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004). The Scottish Islands. Edinburgh: Canongate. ISBN 978-1-84195-454-7.
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