Harekrushna Mahatab

Harekrushna Mahatab (21 November 1899 – 2 January 1987) was a leader of the Indian National Congress, a notable figure in the Indian independence movement and the Chief Minister of Odisha from 1946 to 1950 and again from 1956 to 1961. He was popularly known by the sobriquet "Utkal Keshari".

Harekrushna Mahatab
ହରେକୃଷ୍ଣ ମହତାବ
Mahatab on a 2000 stamp of India
Chief Minister of Odisha
In office 23 April 1946 – 12 May 1950
Preceded by	Post established
Succeeded by	Nabakrushna Choudhuri
In office 19 October 1956 – 25 February 1961
Preceded by	Nabakrushna Choudhuri
Succeeded by	Bijayananda Pattanaik
Governor of Bombay
In office 2 March 1955 – 14 October 1956
Preceded by	Girija Shankar Bajpai
Succeeded by	Sri Prakasa
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
In office 1952–1955
Succeeded by	Nityanand Kanungo
Constituency	Cuttack, Odisha
In office 1962–1967
Preceded by	Badakumar Pratap Gangadeb
Succeeded by	D. N. Deb
Constituency	Deogarh, Odisha
Minister of Industries and Supplies
In office 13 May 1950 – 26 December 1950
Preceded by	Syama Prasad Mukherjee
Succeeded by	Vacant
Personal details
Born	Harekrushna Mahatab (1899-11-21)21 November 1899 Agarpada, Bengal Presidency, British India
Died	2 January 1987(1987-01-02) (aged 87)
Political party	Indian National Congress Orissa Jana Congress Janata Party
Spouse(s)	Subhadra Mahatab
Children	Bhartruhari Mahtab
Alma mater	Ravenshaw College
Writing career
Language	Odia,English
Period	Colonial/Post Colonial India
Genre	History,Biographies,Academic Theses
Subjects	Indian Politics, History
Notable works	Gaon Majlis
Notable awards	Sahitya Akademi Award
Years active	1900-1987

Early life

Harekrushna Mahtab was born at Agarpada village in Bhadrak district of Odisha. He was born to Krushna Charan Das and Tohapha Debi in an aristocratic Khandayat family.[1] After passing his matriculation examination from Bhadrak High School, he joined Ravenshaw College, Cuttack but left his studies in 1921 to join the independence movement.[2][3][4]

Political career

In 1922, he was imprisoned and charged of sedition. He was the Chairman of Balasore District Board from 1924 to 1928. He became the member of Bihar and Odisha Council in 1924. He joined the Salt Satyagraha movement and was imprisoned again in 1930. He was elected as the General Officer Commanding of Congress Sevadal for the AICC session at Puri in 1932 and he was arrested when the party was banned. He participated in the movement against untouchability in 1934 and opened his ancestral temple to all for the first time in Odisha. Later, he started Gandhi Karma Mandir at Agarpada. He was the President of Utkal Pradesh Congress Committee from 1930 to 1931 and again in 1937. He was nominated to the Congress Working Committee by Subhas Chandra Bose in 1938 and continued till 1946 and again from 1946 to 1950. He was the President of State Peoples' Enquiry Committee in 1938 and recommended cancellation of Sanada of the rulers and merger of the erstwhile princely states with Odisha Province. He participated in the Quit India Movement in 1942 and was imprisoned from 1942 to 1945.[5][6]

Mahatab was the first Chief Minister of Odisha from 23 April 1946 to 12 May 1950. He was the Union Minister of Commerce and Industry from 1950 to 1952. He became the secretary general of the Congress Parliamentary Party in 1952. He was the Governor of Bombay from 1955 to 1956.[6][7][8] After resigning from Governorship in 1956, he again became the Chief Minister of Odisha from 1956 to 1960. During his tenures as the Chief Minister, he played significant role in the merger and integration of former princely states, shifting of the capital from Cuttack to Bhubaneshwar and the sanction and construction of the multi-purpose Hirakud Dam Project. He was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1962 from Angul and became the vice-president of the Indian National Congress in 1966. In 1966, he resigned from the Congress and led the Orissa Jana Congress. He was elected to the Odisha Legislative Assembly in 1967, 1971 and 1974. He was imprisoned in 1976 for protesting against the emergency.[9]

Intellectual pursuits

He was the founder of the Prajatantra Prachar Samiti and started the weekly magazine Prajatantra in 1923 at Balasore, which later became the Daily Prajatantra. He was the chief editor of a monthly journal Jhankar since its inception.He also published the Weekly English paper The Eastern Times and was its Chief Editor.

He received the Sahitya Academy award in 1983 for the third volume of his well-known work, Gaon Majlis.[10]

Awards and honours

He was the President of Orissa Sahitya Academy and Sangit Natak Academy for a couple of terms. He received an honorary Doctorate degree from Andhra University, an honorary D.Litt. from Utkal University and an honorary Doctorate of Law from Sagar University.[11][12]
The Odisha State Central Library, the apex library of the state public library system of Odisha is named after him as Harekrushna Mahtab State Library. It was established in 1959 with 3 acre campus at state capital, Bhubaneswar.[13][14]

References

1. Bhaskar Roy (26 March 2004). "Khandayats moving into political gear in Orissa". Retrieved 26 February 2017.
2. Dr. Narayan Panda (30 November 2011). "Dr. Harekrushna Mahatab – A Curious Combination of Conspicuous Characteristics" (PDF). Retrieved 1 October 2014.
3. "ORISSA REFERENCE ANNUAL – 2009" (PDF). 16 June 2010. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
4. "ALUMNI: Dr. Harekrushna Mahtab". docstoc.com. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
5. "Harekrushna Mahatab – GandhiTopia". gandhitopia.org. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
6. "~* Welcome to Bhadrak (Orissa) : The Official Website *~". bhadrak.nic.in. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
7. Khrushchev, N.S.; Khrushchev, S. (2007). Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev. Pennsylvania State University. ISBN 9780271029351.
8. Mahtab, H. (1986). While Serving My Nation: Recollections of a Congress Man. Vidyapuri.
9. Chitkara, G. (2004). Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh: National Upsurge. A.P.H. Publishing Corporation. p. 289. ISBN 9788176484657.
10. "RECIPIENTS OF KENDRA SAHITYA ACADEMY AWARD FOR ODIA LITERATURE" (PDF). 6 September 2012. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
11. Dr. Bhagabat Tripathy (6 January 2011). "Dr. Harekrushna Mahatab : A Versatile Genius" (PDF). Retrieved 1 October 2014.
12. FAKIR MOHAN SENAPATI (16 April 2011). "The Makers of Modern Orissa" (PDF). Retrieved 1 October 2014.
13. Welcome to Harekrushna Mahtab State Library. Hkmsl.gov.in. Retrieved on 26 November 2018.
14. Hada, K.S.; Bajpai, R. (2014). Integrated Indian Public Library System. Partridge Publishing India. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-4828-2163-5. Retrieved 19 March 2020.

External links

• Orissa Chief Ministers List
• Orissa Chief Ministers
• Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website

Government offices
Preceded by Biswanath Das	Chief Minister of Odisha 23 April 1946 to 12 May 1950	Succeeded by Nabakrushna Choudhuri
Preceded by Girija Shankar Bajpai	Governor of Bombay 2 March 1955 to 14 October 1956	Succeeded by Sri Prakasa
Preceded by Nabakrushna Choudhuri	Chief Minister of Odisha 19 October 1956 to 25 February 1961	Succeeded by Biju Pattanaik