Haaretz

Haaretz (Hebrew: הָאָרֶץ‎‎) (lit. "The Land [of Israel]", originally Ḥadashot Ha'aretz – Hebrew: חַדְשׁוֹת הָאָרֶץ‎‎, IPA: [χadˈʃot haˈʔaʁets] – "News of the Land [of Israel]" in English The Palestine News[3]) is an Israeli newspaper. It was founded in 1918, making it the longest running newspaper currently in print in Israel, and is now published in both Hebrew and English in the Berliner format. The English edition is published and sold together with the International New York Times. Both Hebrew and English editions can be read on the Internet. In North America, it is published as a weekly newspaper, combining articles from the Friday edition with a roundup from the rest of the week.

Not to be confused with Land of Israel.

Haaretz
TypeDaily Newspaper
FormatBerliner
Owner(s)Schocken Family (60%)
M. DuMont Schauberg (20%)
Leonid Nevzlin (20%)
PublisherAmos Schocken, M. DuMont Schauberg
EditorAluf Benn[1]
Founded1919 (1919)
Political alignmentLiberal, centre-left
LanguageHebrew, English
HeadquartersTel Aviv, Israel
CountryIsrael
Circulation72,000
(Weekends: 100,000)[2]
Website
Front page of Ḥadashot Ha'aretz, August 1919

It is known for its left-wing and liberal stances on domestic and foreign issues. As of 2016, the newspaper had a weekday exposure rate of 3.9% in Israel.[4][5] According to the Center for Research Libraries, among Israel's daily newspapers, "Haaretz is considered the most influential and respected for both its news coverage and its commentary."[6]

History and ownership

Haaretz was first published in 1918 as a newspaper sponsored by the British military government in Palestine.[7] In 1919, it was taken over by a group of socialist-oriented Zionists, mainly from Russia.[8][9] The newspaper was established on 18 June 1919 by a group of businessmen including the philanthropist Isaac Leib Goldberg, and initially, it was called Hadashot Ha'aretz ("News of the Land"). Later, the name was shortened to Haaretz.[10] The literary section of the paper attracted leading Hebrew writers of the time.[11]

The newspaper was initially published in Jerusalem. From 1919 to 1922, the paper was headed by a succession of editors, among them Leib Yaffe. It was closed briefly due to a budgetary shortfall and reopened in Tel Aviv at the beginning of 1923 under the editorship of Moshe Glickson, who held the post for 15 years.[9] The Tel Aviv municipality granted the paper financial support by paying in advance for future advertisements.[12]

Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Haaretz's liberal viewpoint was to some degree associated with the General Zionist "A" faction (which would later help form the Progressive Party), though it was nonpartisan and careful not to espouse the line of any specific party.[13][14][15][16] It was considered the most sophisticated of the Yishuv's dailies.[15]

Salman Schocken, a Jewish businessman who left Germany in 1934 after the Nazis had come to power, bought the paper in December 1935. Schocken was active in Brit Shalom, also known as the Jewish–Palestinian Peace Alliance, a body supporting co-existence between Jews and Arabs which was sympathetic to a homeland for both peoples. His son, Gershom Schocken, became the chief editor in 1939 and held that position until his death in 1990.[17]

The Schocken family were the sole owners of the Haaretz Group until August 2006, when they sold a 25% stake to German publisher M. DuMont Schauberg.[18] The deal was negotiated with the help of the former Israeli ambassador to Germany, Avi Primor.[19] This deal was seen as controversial in Israel as DuMont Schauberg's father, Kurt Neven DuMont, was member of the Nazi party and his publishing house promoted Nazi ideology.[20]

On 12 June 2011, it was announced that Russian-Israeli businessman Leonid Nevzlin had purchased a 20% stake in the Haaretz Group, buying 15% from the family and 5% from M. DuMont Schauberg.[21]

In October 2012, a union strike mobilized to protest planned layoffs by the Haaretz management, causing a one-day interruption of Haaretz and its TheMarker business supplement. According to Israel Radio, it was the first time since 1965 that a newspaper did not go to press on account of a strike.[22][23]

Management

The newspaper's editorial policy was defined by Gershom Schocken, who was editor-in-chief from 1939 to 1990. Schocken was succeeded as editor-in-chief by Hanoch Marmari. In 2004 David Landau replaced Marmari and was succeeded by Dov Alfon in 2008.[24] The current editor-in-chief of the newspaper is Aluf Benn, who replaced Alfon in August 2011.[1] Charlotte Halle became editor of the English print edition in February 2008.

Editorial policy and viewpoints

Haaretz describes itself as having "a broadly liberal outlook both on domestic issues and on international affairs".[25] Others describe it alternatively as liberal,[26] centre-left,[27] or left-wing.[28] The newspaper opposes retaining control of the territories and consistently supports peace initiatives.[29] The Haaretz editorial line is supportive of weaker elements in Israeli society, such as sex workers, foreign laborers, Israeli Arabs, Ethiopian immigrants, and Russian immigrants.[8]

In 2006, the BBC said that Haaretz takes a moderate stance on foreign policy and security.[30] David Remnick in The New Yorker described Haaretz as "easily the most liberal newspaper in Israel", its ideology as left-wing and its temper as "insistently oppositional".[24] According to Ira Sharkansky, Haaretz's op-ed pages are open to a variety of opinions.[31] J. J. Goldberg, the editor of the American The Jewish Daily Forward, describes Haaretz as "Israel's most vehemently anti-settlement daily paper".[32] Stephen Glain of The Nation described Haaretz as "Israel's liberal beacon", citing its editorials voicing opposition to the occupation, the discriminatory treatment of Arab citizens, and the mindset that led to the Second Lebanon War.[33] A 2003 study in The International Journal of Press/Politics concluded that Haaretz's reporting of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict was more favorable to Israelis than to Palestinians, but less so than that of The New York Times.[34] In 2016, Jeffrey Goldberg, the editor-in-chief of The Atlantic, wrote "I like a lot of the people at Haaretz, and many of its positions, but the cartoonish anti-Israelism and anti-Semitism can be grating".[35][36]

Formatting, circulation and reputation
Front page of the Hebrew and English editions

Circulation

In 2016, the newspaper's readership fell to an all-time low of 3.9% on weekdays,[4][5] far behind other national newspapers in Israel: Israel Hayom had an exposure rate of 39.7%, Yedioth Ahronoth 34.9%, Israel Post 7.2%, and Globes 4.6%.[37]

Formatting and image

Haaretz uses smaller headlines and print than other mass circulation papers in Israel. Less space is devoted to pictures, and more to political analysis. Opinion columns are generally written by regular commentators rather than guest writers.[8] Its editorial pages are considered influential among government leaders.[38] Apart from the news, Haaretz publishes feature articles on social and environmental issues, as well as book reviews, investigative reporting, and political commentary. In 2008, the newspaper itself reported a paid subscribership of 65,000, daily sales of 72,000 copies, and 100,000 on weekends.[2] The English edition has a subscriber base of 15,000.[33] As of June 2011, readership was 5.8% of the public, down from 6.4% the prior year.[39] In 2012, amid falling circulation, Haaretz was undergoing severe cuts (reportedly firing around 20% of its total workforce, and lowering salaries by between 15 and 35%), and cuts continued through 2013.[40]

Despite its historically relatively low circulation in Israel, Haaretz has for many years been described as Israel's most influential daily newspaper.[41] Its readership includes members of Israel's intelligentsia and members of its political and economic elites.[42] In 1999, surveys show that Haaretz readership has a higher-than-average education, income, and wealth and that most are Ashkenazim.[33][43] Some have said that it functions for Israel much as The New York Times does for the United States, as a newspaper of record.[44] In 2007, Shmuel Rosner, the newspaper's former U.S. correspondent, told The Nation that "people who read it are better educated and more sophisticated than most, but the rest of the country doesn't know it exists."[33] According to former editor of the paper, Hanoch Marmari, the newspaper has lost its political influence in Israel, because it became "detached" from the country's political life.[45]

Criticism

Andrea Levin, executive director of the American pro-Israel Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting (CAMERA), said the newspaper was doing "damage to the truth" and sometimes making serious factual errors but not often correcting them.[46]

According to The Jerusalem Post, Haaretz editor-in-chief David Landau said at the 2007 Limmud conference in Moscow that he had told his staff not to report about criminal investigations against Prime Minister Ariel Sharon in order to promote Sharon's 2004–2005 Gaza disengagement plan.[47]

In April 2017, Haaretz published an op-ed by a staff writer that said the religious right is worse than Hezbollah.[48][49] Condemnation followed, including from Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, President Reuven Rivlin, and other government ministers and MPs, as well as from Opposition Leader Isaac Herzog.[50]

Internet editions

Haaretz operates both Hebrew[51] and English[52] language websites. The two sites offer up-to-the-minute breaking news, live Q&A sessions with newsmakers from Israel, the Palestinian territories and elsewhere, and blogs covering a range of political standpoints and opinions. As of 5 October 2014, the English online edition has an Alexa rank of 2,683 worldwide and 2,861 in the United States.[53] The two sites fall under the supervision of Lior Kodner, the head of digital media for the Haaretz Group. Individually, Simon Spungin is the editor of Haaretz.com (English) and Avi Scharf is the editor of Haaretz.co.il (Hebrew).

Offices

The Haaretz building is located on Schocken Street in south Tel Aviv.[24]

Journalists and writers

Present
  • Ruth Almog – literature, publicist
  • Moshe Arens – columnist
  • Noam Ben Ze'ev – music critic
  • Aluf Benn – editor-in-chief
  • Meron Benvenisti – political columnist
  • Bradley Burston – political columnist[54]
  • Lily Galili[55]
  • Doram Gaunt – food columnist
  • Avirama Golan
  • Michael Handelzalts – theater critic, columnist
  • Amos Harel – military correspondent
  • Israel Harel – columnist
  • Danna Harman – feature writer
  • Amira Hass – Ramallah-based Palestinian affairs correspondent.
  • Avi Issacharoff – military correspondent
  • Sayed Kashua – satiric columnist, author
  • Uri Klein – film critic[56]
  • Yitzhak Laor – publicist
  • Alex Levac – photo columnist
  • Gideon Levy – Palestinian affairs columnist
  • Yoel Marcus – political commentator, publicist[57]
  • Merav Michaeli – cultural and political commentator
  • Amir Oren – military affairs
  • Anshel Pfeffer – political and military affairs
  • Tsafrir Rinat – environmental issues
  • Doron Rosenblum – satirist, publicist
  • Tom Segev – historian, political commentator
  • Ari Shavit – political columnist[58]
  • Yair Sheleg – Jewish religious affairs[59]
  • Nehemia Shtrasler – economic affairs, publicist
  • Simon Spungin – Managing Editor, English Edition
  • Ze'ev Sternhell – political commentary
  • Yossi Verter – political reporter
  • Esther Zandberg – architecture
  • Benny Ziffer – literature, publicist

Past
Passengers on board a Palestine Airways Short Scion, 1939. The second passenger on the left is reading Haaretz.
gollark: Er, try printing `result2` or something to see what it is.
gollark: If `result2.name` is `nil` then, because Lua is silly, those keys won't exist.
gollark: Just ignore all of them except, say, three you like. Simple.
gollark: Do you not like real numbers?
gollark: Anyway, assuming `result2.name` is defined it looks as if it should work.

See also

References
  1. "Aluf Benn named new editor-in-chief of Haaretz". Haaretz. 1 August 2011. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  2. "Dov Alfon named as new Haaretz editor-in-chief". Haaretz. 12 February 2008. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  3. "Israel". Press Reference. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
  4. Sigan, Lilac (5 August 2016). "I'm Going to Take a Break, Sorry". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
  5. "Once again, media survey puts Israel Hayom at No. 1 in Israel". Israel Hayom. 26 July 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
  6. The Center for Research Libraries (CRL). "CRL Obtains Haaretz". www.crl.edu. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
  7. "TAU – Institute of Jewish Press and Communications – The Andrea and Charles Bronfman Center". Tel Aviv University. Archived from the original on 25 September 2012. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  8. "Israel — Hebrew- and English-Language Media Guide" (PDF). Open Source Center. 16 September 2008. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
  9. Marmari, Hanoch (16 April 2004). "A fine and fragile balance". Haaretz. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  10. Cohen, Yoel. "Israel Society and Culture: Haaretz". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
    "Goldberg, Isaac Leib (1860-1935) Papers". Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
  11. "Newspapers, Hebrew". Encyclopedia Judaica. 12. Jerusalem: Keter Books. 1978.
  12. Tom Segev (18 March 2010). "Haaretz history". Haaretz. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  13. Dan Caspi & Yehiel Limor (1999). The In/Outsiders: The Media in Israel. Hampton Press. p. 79. Haaretz was closely aligned with the General Zionists A faction (which became the Progressive Party in 1948), a liberal stream in the Zionist Movement. The newspaper consistently maintained a liberal-centrist and anti-socialist orientation in social and economic affairs and generally adopted a dovish and firm anti-nationalistic line in political and security matters.
  14. Peri, Yoram (2004). Telepopulism: Media and Politics in Israel. Stanford University Press. p. 75. Similarly, Haaretz, although independent, had a distinctly liberal (though nonpartisan) character. It is not surprising that its editor, Gershom Schocken, was a representative of the Progressive Party in the third Knesset in the years 1955-59.
  15. Hershel Edelheit & Abraham J. Edelheit (2000). History Of Zionism: A Handbook and Dictionary. Routledge. p. 473.
  16. Palestine Affairs. 2. American Zionist Emergency Council. 1947. Haaretz has always been the mouthpiece of the liberal wing of the General Zionists, and through the years it has gained a reputation for independence and high literary standards.
  17. Amos Schocken (18 September 2002). "A newspaper's mission". Haaretz. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  18. "M. DuMont Schauberg. Press-release". Dumont.eu. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  19. Koren, Ronny (13 August 2006). "Germany's DuMont invests 25m euros in Haaretz". Haaretz. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  20. "Haaretz's 'Nazi problem'". Ynetnews. 20 June 1995. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  21. Li-or Averbach (12 June 2011). "Russian immigrant billionaire buys 20% of "Haaretz"". Globes. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  22. Koopmans, Ofira (4 October 2012). "Journalists at Israel's Haaretz newspaper strike over job cuts". Europe Online. Archived from the original on 27 May 2013. Retrieved 12 October 2012.
  23. "'Haaretz' daily not printed today". Globes. 4 October 2012. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  24. Remnick, David (28 February 2011). "The Dissenters". The New Yorker. Retrieved 12 October 2012.
  25. "About Haaretz". Haaretz. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  27. Mya Guarnieri (6 February 2011). "The death of Israeli democracy" (English ed.). Al Jazeera. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  29. Israel — Hebrew- and English-Language Media Guide, p. 14
  30. "The press in Israel". BBC News. 8 May 2006. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
  31. Sharkansky, Ira (2005). Governing Israel: Chosen People, Promised Land, & Prophetic Tradition. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. p. 43. ISBN 978-0-7658-0277-4.
  32. Goldberg, J. J. (3 April 2009). "Are Religious Soldiers To Blame for Alleged Abuse?". The Forward. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  33. Stephen Glain (24 September 2007). "Ha'aretz, Israel's Liberal Beacon". The Nation. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
  34. Matt Viser (September 2003). "Attempted Objectivity: An Analysis of the New York Times and Ha'aretz and their Portrayals of the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict". The International Journal of Press/Politics. 8 (4): 114–120. doi:10.1177/1081180X03256999.
  35. Journalist Jeffrey Goldberg stirs storm after tweeting he might stop reading Haaretz, JTA, 2 August 2016
  36. Amos Schocken, third-generation proprietor of Ha’aretz, Financial Times, John Reed, 3 October 2016
  37. פרייס, נועה (25 July 2016). "סקר TGI מחצית 2016: "ישראל היום" מגדיל את הפער; "הארץ" קורס" [TGI survey for half of 2016: Israel Hayom increases the gap; Haaretz collapsing] (in Hebrew). Walla!. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
  38. Beckerman, Gal (September–October 2005). "Disengaged". Columbia Journalism Review. Archived from the original on 7 October 2007. Retrieved 21 June 2007.
  39. "Israel Hayom Surpasses Yedioth Ahronoth to Become Country's Most-Read Newspaper". Israel Hayom Newsletter. 20 July 2011. Retrieved 21 July 2011.
  40. Averbach, Li-or (5 December 2013). "'Haaretz' to lay off 5% of workforce". Globes. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  43. Caspi, Dan; Limor, Yehiel (1999). The IN/Outsiders: Mass Media in Israel. Hampton Press. p. 79.
  44. Slater, Jerome (Fall 2007). "Muting the Alarm over the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: "The New York Times" versus "Haaretz", 2000-06". International Security. 32 (2): 84–120. doi:10.1162/isec.2007.32.2.84. JSTOR 30133876. There is a widespread consensus in Israel and elsewhere that Haaretz is Israel's best and most prestigious newspaper—in effect, the Israeli equivalent of the New York Times.(subscription required)
  45. עורך 'הארץ' לשעבר: 'הארץ' איבד את מעמדו הציבורי [Former Haaretz editor: Haaretz has lost its public standing] (in Hebrew). nrg Maariv. 8 January 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  46. Ross, Oakland (5 October 2008). "News and views that inspire love or kindle hatred". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
  47. Haviv Rettig Gur (25 October 2007). "Limmud diary: Creme de la Kremlin?". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  48. "Paper draws fire for op-ed calling national religious worse than Hezbollah", Times of Israel, 13 April 2017.
  49. "Haaretz slammed for article calling national religious 'worse than Hezbollah'", Ynetnews, 13 April 2017.
  50. "Haaretz op-ed draws condemnations across the political spectrum", Israel Hayom, 13 April 2017.
  51. הארץ [Haaretz] (in Hebrew).
  52. "Haaretz Daily Newspaper Israel". Retrieved 10 February 2013.
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  55. Zur Glozman, Masha (4 January 2013). "The million Russians that Changed Israel to its core". Haaretz. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  56. Asaf Carmel (28 October 2009). "Haaretz reporters Klein, Reznick win Sokolov Award for Journalism". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 2 August 2007.
  57. Carmel, Asaf (9 November 2007). "Fellow journalists to honor Haaretz commentator Yoel Marcus in Eilat". Haaretz. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  58. Ari Shavit (9 December 2002). "No Man's Land: The idea of a city disappears". The New Yorker. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  59. Elan Ezrachi, Ph.D. (c. 2000). "Jewish Renaissance and Renewal in Israel". Dorot and Nathan Cummings Foundations. Archived from the original on 26 April 2004.
  60. Carmel, Asaf (3 March 2008). "Haaretz journalist Ehud Asheri dies of cancer at 57". Haaretz. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  61. Orna Coussin (21 September 2007). "A compelling lesson". Haaretz. Retrieved 5 October 2014. Review of Arie Caspi. Hazakim al halashim (Strong Over the Weak). Xargol/Am Oved.
  62. Aviva Lori (3 July 2008). "The long goodbye". Haaretz. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  63. Ben Simon, Daniel (13 June 2008). "Daniel Ben-Simon: Why I'm leaving journalism for politics". Haaretz. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  64. Avivi, Gidi (18 July 2001). "Irresistible look at a master". Haaretz. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  65. "News in Brief". Haaretz. 5 October 2007. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
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Further reading
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