HMS Cameleon (1910)

HMS Cameleon was one of 20 Acorn-class destroyers built for the Royal Navy in the 1910s. Completed in 1910 she saw active service in the First World War.

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Cameleon.

Cameleon in Grand Harbour, Malta, 1917
History
United Kingdom
Name: Cameleon
Builder: Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, Govan
Laid down: 6 December 1909
Launched: 2 June 1910
Commissioned: December 1910
Fate: Sold for scrap, 15 November 1921
General characteristics
Class and type: Acorn-class destroyer
Displacement: 772 long tons (784 t)
Length: 246 ft (75 m)
Beam: 25 ft 5 in (7.7 m)
Draught: 8 ft 6 in (2.6 m)
Installed power:
Propulsion: 3 shafts; 1 steam turbine
Speed: 27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph)
Range: 1,540 nmi (2,850 km; 1,770 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Complement: 72
Armament:
  • 2 × 4 in (102 mm) guns
  • 2 × 12 pdr (3 in (76 mm) gun
  • 2 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes

Design and description

The Acorn class marked a return to oil-firing as pioneered in the Tribal or F class of 1905 and HMS Swift of 1907. The Admiralty provided general specifications, but each shipyard did their own detailed design so that ships often varied in size.[1] The Acorns had an overall length of 246 feet (75 m), a beam of 25 feet 5 inches (7.7 m), and a deep draught of 8 feet 6 inches (2.6 m). The ships displaced 772 long tons (784 t) at deep load and their crew numbered 72 officers and ratings.[2]

The destroyers were powered by a single Parsons steam turbine that drove three propeller shafts using steam provided by four Yarrow boilers. The engines developed a total of 13,500 shaft horsepower (10,100 kW) and were designed for a speed of 27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph). Cameleon reached a speed of 28.2 knots (52.2 km/h; 32.5 mph) from 14,790 shp (11,030 kW) during her sea trials.[3] The Acorns had a range of 1,540 nautical miles (2,850 km; 1,770 mi) at a cruising speed of 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph).[2]

The primary armament of the ships consisted of a pair of BL 4-inch (102 mm) MK VIII guns in single, unprotected pivot mounts fore and aft of the superstructure. They were also armed with two single QF 12-pounder (3-inch (76 mm)) guns, one on each broadside between the forward and centre funnels. The destroyer were equipped with a pair of single rotating mounts for 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes amidships and carried two reload torpedos.[4]

Construction and career

Cameleon was ordered under the 1909–1910 Naval Programme from Fairfield Shipbuilding & Engineering Company. The ship was laid down at the company's Govan shipyard on 6 December 1909, launched on 2 June 1910 and commissioned in December. She was sold for scrap on 21 November 1921.[5]

Citations
  1. Gardiner & Gray, p. 74
  2. Friedman, p. 295
  3. March, p. 109
  4. Friedman, pp. 119, 295
  5. Friedman, p. 306
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gollark: <@481991918008664095>, a full description of how bad <@213674115700097025> is would require several times the planet's current digital storage capacity.
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gollark: <@481991918008664095>, <@213674115700097025>'s continued existence violates the laws of 23 independent jurisdictions.

References
  • Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
  • Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9.
  • Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
  • March, Edgar J. (1966). British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892–1953; Drawn by Admiralty Permission From Official Records & Returns, Ships' Covers & Building Plans. London: Seeley Service. OCLC 164893555.
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