Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Golog (Golok[1] or Guoluo) Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Chinese: 果洛藏族自治州; pinyin: Guǒluò Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu; Tibetan: མགོ་ལོག་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་, Wylie: Mgo-log Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul ) is an autonomous prefecture occupying the southeastern corner of Qinghai province, People's Republic of China. The prefecture has an area of 76,312 km2 (29,464 sq mi) and its seat is located in Maqên County.

Golog Prefecture

果洛州 · མགོ་ལོག་ཁུལ།
Autonomous prefectures
果洛藏族自治州 · མགོ་ལོག་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་
Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Eastern Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Location of Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceQinghai
Prefecture seatMaqên County (Dawu)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
ISO 3166 codeCN-QH-26
Websitewww.guoluo.gov.cn

Geography

Golog Prefecture is located in the southeastern part of Qinghai, in the upper basin of the Yellow River. Gyaring Lake and Ngoring Lake on the western edge of the prefecture are considered to be the source of the Yellow River. However, these lakes do receive water from rivers that flow from locations even further west, in Qumarleb County of the Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.

The lay of the land of the prefecture is largely determined by the Amne Machin mountain range (max elevation 6,282 m), which runs in the general northwest- to-southeast direction across the entire prefecture, and beyond. The existence of the ridge results in one of the great bends of the Yellow River, which first flows for several hundreds of kilometers toward the east and southeast along through the entire Golog Prefecture, along the southern side of the Amne Machin Range, until it reaches the borders of Gansu and Sichuan; it and then turns almost 180 degrees and flows toward the northwest for 200–300 km (120–190 mi) through several prefectures of the northeastern Qinghai, forming a section of the northeastern border of the Golog prefecture.

Several sections of the Sanjiangyuan ("Sources of Three Rivers") National Nature Reserve are within the prefecture.

Climate data for Maqên County
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 10.1
(50.2)		 12.8
(55.0)		 17.8
(64.0)		 21.9
(71.4)		 22.5
(72.5)		 24.5
(76.1)		 26.3
(79.3)		 25.1
(77.2)		 25.2
(77.4)		 21.5
(70.7)		 12.8
(55.0)		 10.9
(51.6)		 26.3
(79.3)
Average high °C (°F) −0.5
(31.1)		 1.6
(34.9)		 5.4
(41.7)		 9.5
(49.1)		 12.6
(54.7)		 14.8
(58.6)		 17.0
(62.6)		 17.0
(62.6)		 14.1
(57.4)		 9.1
(48.4)		 4.1
(39.4)		 0.7
(33.3)		 8.8
(47.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −11.9
(10.6)		 −8.8
(16.2)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 0.9
(33.6)		 5.0
(41.0)		 8.2
(46.8)		 10.2
(50.4)		 9.5
(49.1)		 6.4
(43.5)		 0.9
(33.6)		 −6.3
(20.7)		 −11.1
(12.0)		 −0.1
(31.9)
Average low °C (°F) −21.4
(−6.5)		 −17.7
(0.1)		 −11.6
(11.1)		 −6.2
(20.8)		 −1.3
(29.7)		 2.7
(36.9)		 4.6
(40.3)		 3.6
(38.5)		 1.1
(34.0)		 −4.5
(23.9)		 −13.8
(7.2)		 −20.2
(−4.4)		 −7.1
(19.3)
Record low °C (°F) −33.1
(−27.6)		 −31.9
(−25.4)		 −29.1
(−20.4)		 −20.0
(−4.0)		 −12.8
(9.0)		 −6.0
(21.2)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 −5.5
(22.1)		 −7.5
(18.5)		 −17.8
(0.0)		 −26.6
(−15.9)		 −33.1
(−27.6)		 −33.1
(−27.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 2.8
(0.11)		 4.3
(0.17)		 8.2
(0.32)		 19.4
(0.76)		 55.3
(2.18)		 99.4
(3.91)		 115.1
(4.53)		 92.5
(3.64)		 79.5
(3.13)		 32.1
(1.26)		 3.5
(0.14)		 1.6
(0.06)		 513.7
(20.21)
Source: China Meteorological Administration,[2]

Demographics
Amdo Golok Tibetans in 1944 with their distinct clothing

According to the 2000 census, Guoluo has 137,940 inhabitants with a population density of 1.81 inhabitants/km2.

Ethnic groups in Guoluo, 2000 census
Nationality Population Percentage
Tibetan 126,395 91.63%
Han 9,096 6.59%
Hui 1,529 1.11%
Salar 329 0.24%
Tu 302 0.22%
Others 289 0.21%

Subdivisions

The prefecture is subdivided into six county-level divisions: six counties:

Map
# Name Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Tibetan Wylie
Tibetan Pinyin		 Population
(2010 Census)		 Area (km2) Density
(/km2)
1 Maqên County
(Maqin County)		 玛沁县 Mǎqìn Xiàn རྨ་ཆེན་རྫོང་ rma chen rdzong
Maqên Zong		 51,245 13,636 3.75
2 Baima County
(Banma County)		 班玛县 Bānmǎ Xiàn པད་མ་རྫོང་ pad ma rdzong
Baima Zong		 27,185 6,452 4.21
3 Gadê County
(Gande County)		 甘德县 Gāndé Xiàn དགའ་བདེ་རྫོང་ dga' bde rdzong
Gadê Zong		 34,840 7,143 4.87
4 Darlag County
(Dari County)		 达日县 Dárì Xiàn དར་ལག་རྫོང་ dar lag rdzong
Tarlag Zong		 30,995 15,385 2.01
5 Jigzhi County
(Jiuzhi County)		 久治县 Jiǔzhì Xiàn གཅིག་སྒྲིལ་རྫོང་ gcig sgril rdzong
Jigzhi Zong		 26,081 8,696 2.99
6 Madoi County
(Maduo County)		 玛多县 Mǎduō Xiàn རྨ་སྟོད་རྫོང་ rma stod rdzong
Madoi Zong		 11,336 25,000 0.45

Transport

Construction for Golog Airport began in September 2012 and the airport opening date is 1 July 2016.[3]

3,000 km (1,900 mi) of new roads are expected to be built by 2015.[4]

Further reading
  • A. Gruschke: The Cultural Monuments of Tibet’s Outer Provinces: Amdo - Volume 1. The Qinghai Part of Amdo, White Lotus Press, Bangkok 2001. ISBN 974-480-049-6
  • Tsering Shakya: The Dragon in the Land of Snows. A History of Modern Tibet Since 1947, London 1999, ISBN 0-14-019615-3
  • B. Horlemann: Modernization Efforts in Golog: A Chronicle, 1970–2000 (PDF), in: Amdo Tibetans in Transition: Society and Culture in the Post-Mao Era. Edited by Toni Huber. 2: 241–67, 2002.
  • Gangs Phrug. A Modern Golok Tibetan Family History. 2015. https://archive.org/details/HappyHappy_201502.
  • Historical photographs of the Golok Tibetans in Wikicommons
gollark: Well, according to physics, every particle in the universe has an effect on every other particle, so that makes sense.
gollark: Anything anyone disagrees on in any way is politics.
gollark: For any actual high-throughput writing I just use a computer, because anything else would be silly.
gollark: I also end up writing in a weird pseudocursive if trying to be fast.
gollark: It's just like a spinning ball, but not a ball and it isn't spinning. Simple.

References
  1. "Flooded Tibet: struggling to adapt to the new reality". Central Tibetan Administration. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 2017-12-23. On 30 August 2017, a massive landslide buried nine people in Golok Machen region of north eastern Tibet.
  2. 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1981－2010年） (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
  3. "果洛机场14日正式奠基　预计2015年竣工通航". Carnoc. 2012-09-15. Retrieved 2012-09-15.
  4. "China to invest 3.5b yuan for Tibetan roads". Chinadaily. 2012-09-01. Retrieved 2012-09-05.

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