Gnome-Rhône 14N

The Gnome-Rhône 14N was a 14-cylinder two-row air-cooled radial engine designed and manufactured by Gnome-Rhône. A development of the pre-war Gnome-Rhône 14K, the 14N was used on several French and German aircraft of World War II.

Gnome-Rhône 14N
Type Radial engine
National origin France
Manufacturer Gnome et Rhône
First run 1937
Major applications Bloch MB.150
Messerschmitt Me 323
Amiot 351
Lioré et Olivier LeO 45
Developed from Gnome-Rhône Mistral Major
Developed into Gnome-Rhône 14M

Design and development

Facing criticisms over the 14K's reliability, Gnome-Rhône undertook a major upgrade of its 14-cylinder design, using different materials for the pistons and valves, and enlarging cooling surfaces by 39%.

The new 14N was introduced in 1937 and was quickly adopted on several aircraft models. In 1939, minor improvements allowed Gnome-Rhône to increase the compression ratio from 6.1:1 to 6.8:1, which resulted in increased power for wartime production aircraft.

The 14N was further developed into the Gnome-Rhône 14R featuring a 2-stage supercharger, but this type was not widely used until after World War II as production of improved engines was prohibited by the terms of the armistice with Germany.

Postwar the 14R was developed into a 28 cylinder high capacity engine as the Gnome-Rhône 28T-1, essentially two 14R-24 engines back to back driving co-axial contra-rotating propeller shafts.[1]

Variants

Data from:Aircraft engines of the World 1945,[2] Aircraft engines of the World 1946[1]

  • 14N-2:LH rotation, 770 kW (1,050 PS)
  • 14N-3:RH rotation version of -2
  • 14N-10:LH rotation, 670 kW (910 PS)
  • 14N-11:RH rotation version of -10
  • 14N-16:LH rotation, 688 kW (935 PS)
  • 14N-17:RH rotation version of -16
  • 14N-20:LH rotation, 835 kW (1,135 PS)
  • 14N-21:RH rotation version of -20
  • 14N-44:LH rotation, 770 kW (1,050 PS)
  • 14N-45:RH rotation version of -44
  • 14N-48:LH rotation, 870 kW (1,180 PS)
  • 14N-49:RH rotation version of -48
  • 14N-50:LH rotation, 1,000 kW (1,400 PS)
  • 14N-54:LH rotation, 920 kW (1,250 PS)
  • 14N-55:RH rotation version of -54
  • 14N-58:LH rotation, 870 kW (1,180 PS)
  • 14N-59:RH rotation version of -58

Applications

Specifications (14N-48)

Data from Aircraft engines of the World 1945[2]

General characteristics

  • Type: Fourteen-cylinder two-row air-cooled piston engine
  • Bore: 146 mm (5.75 in)
  • Stroke: 165 mm (6.50 in)
  • Displacement: 38.67 l (2,360 cu in)
  • Length: 1,480 mm (58.27 in)
  • Diameter: 1,290 mm (50.79 in)
  • Dry weight: 620 kg (1,370 lb)

Components

Performance

  • Power output:
  • Take-off: 870 kW (1,180 PS) at 2,650 rpm
  • Military: 780 kW (1,060 PS) at 2,400 rpm at 3,900 m (12,800 ft)
  • Cruise: 630 kW (850 PS) at 2,100 rpm at 3,900 m (12,800 ft)
  • Specific power: 22.45 kW/l (0.49 hp/in³)
  • Compression ratio: 6.8:1
  • Power-to-weight ratio: 1.4 kW/kg (0.85 hp/lb)
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See also

References
  1. Wilkinson, Paul H. (1946). Aircraft engines of the World 1946 (4th ed.). London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd.
  2. Wilkinson, Paul H. (1945). Aircraft engines of the World 1945 (3rd ed.). -New York: Paul H. Wilkinson.
  • Danel, Raymond and Cuny, Jean. L'aviation française de bombardement et de renseignement 1918-1940 Docavia n°12, Editions Larivière
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