Gloria Gaynor

Gloria Gaynor (née Fowles; born September 7, 1943)[1][2][3][4] is an American singer, best known for the disco era hits "I Will Survive" (Hot 100 number 1, 1979), "Never Can Say Goodbye" (Hot 100 number 9, 1974), "Let Me Know (I Have a Right)" (Hot 100 number 42, 1980) and "I Am What I Am" (R&B number 82, 1983).

Gloria Gaynor
Gaynor in 1976
Background information
Birth nameGloria Fowles
Born (1943-09-07) September 7, 1943
Newark, New Jersey, U.S.
Genres
Occupation(s)
  • Singer
  • songwriter
  • actress
InstrumentsVocals
Years active1965–present
LabelsMGM (1965–76)
Polydor (1976–83)
Chrysalis (1984–85)
Stylus Records (1986–88)
Hot Productions (1996–97)
Logic Records (2000–04)
Radikal Records (2005–present)
Associated actsSoul Satisfiers, Marvin Gaye, Luther Vandross
Websitewww.gloriagaynor.com

Early life

Gaynor was born Gloria Fowles in Newark, New Jersey,[5] to Daniel Fowles and Queenie Mae Proctor. Her grandmother lived nearby and was involved in her upbringing.[6] "There was always music in our house", Gaynor wrote in her autobiography, I Will Survive. She enjoyed listening to the radio, and to records by Nat King Cole and Sarah Vaughan. Her father played the ukulele and guitar and sang professionally in nightclubs with a group called Step 'n' Fetchit. Gloria grew up a tomboy: she had five brothers, and one sister. Her brothers sang gospel and formed a quartet with a friend.

Gaynor was not allowed to sing with the all-male group, nor was her younger brother Arthur, because Gloria was a girl and he was too young. Arthur later acted as a tour manager for Gaynor. The family was relatively poor, but Gaynor recalls the house being filled with laughter and happiness, and the dinner table being open to neighborhood friends. They moved to a housing project in 1960, where Gaynor attended South Side High School. She graduated in 1961.[7][8]

"All through my young life I wanted to sing, although nobody in my family knew it", Gaynor wrote in her autobiography.[9] Gaynor began singing in a night club in Newark, where she was recommended to a local band by a neighbor. After several years of performing in local clubs and along the east coast, Gaynor began her recording career in 1971 at Columbia Records.[9]

Early career

Gaynor was a singer with the Soul Satisfiers, a jazz/R&B music band, in the 1960s. She recorded "She'll Be Sorry/Let Me Go Baby" (for the first time as Gloria Gaynor) in 1965, for Johnny Nash's Jocida label. Her first real success came in 1973 when she was signed to Columbia Records by Clive Davis. The fruit of that was the release of the flop single "Honey Bee."[10] Moving on to MGM Records she finally hit with the album Never Can Say Goodbye on MGM. The first side of the album consisted of three songs ("Honey Bee", "Never Can Say Goodbye" and "Reach Out, I'll Be There") with no break between the songs. This 19-minute dance marathon proved to be enormously popular, especially at dance clubs. All three songs were released as singles via radio edits and all of them became hits. The album was instrumental in introducing disco music to the public, "Never Can Say Goodbye" becoming the first song to top Billboard magazine's dance chart. It was also a hit on the mainstream Pop Charts, peaking at #9, and on the R&B Charts, reaching #34 (the original version by The Jackson 5 had been a #2 hit on the Hot 100 in 1971). It also marked her first significant chart success internationally, making it into the Top 5 in Australia, Canada, Germany and the UK. The song would go on to be certified silver by the British Phonographic Industry, and subsequently gold in the US. Capitalizing on the success of her first album, she quickly released her second album, Experience Gloria Gaynor, later that same year. Some of her lesser-known singles, due to lack of recurrent airplay — including "Honey Bee" (1974), "Casanova Brown" (1975), and "Let's Make A Deal" (1976), as well as her cover of The Four Tops' "Reach Out, I'll Be There" (which also became a #14 hit on the UK Singles Chart) — became hits in the clubs and reached the Top 5 on Billboard's disco charts. Many charted on the Hot 100 and R&B charts as well, with songs like "(If You Want It) Do It Yourself" - a #1 disco hit - peaking at #98 on the Pop Charts and #24 on the R&B Charts. Her cover of "How High The Moon" topped the US Dance Charts, and made the lower parts of both the Pop and R&B charts, as well as achieving some international chart success. After her 1976 album, I've Got You, she shifted from her hit production team, to work with other productions. Gaynor has recorded some 16 albums since, including one in England, one in Germany, and two in Italy.

Major mainstream breakthrough

In the next few years, Gaynor released the albums Glorious and Gloria Gaynor's Park Avenue Sound, but would only enjoy a few more moderate hits. However, in late 1978, with the release of her album Love Tracks, she climbed the pop charts again with her smash hit single "I Will Survive". The lyrics of this song are written from the point of view of a woman, recently dumped, telling her former lover that she can cope without him and does not want anything more to do with him. The song has become something of an anthem of female emancipation. Interestingly, "I Will Survive" was originally the B-side when Polydor Records released it in late 1978. The A-side, a song called "Substitute", then a recent worldwide hit for South African girl-group Clout, was considered more "radio friendly". Legendary Boston Disco Radio DJ Jack King, turned the record over and recalls being stunned by what he heard. "I couldn't believe they were burying this monster hit on the B-side", says DJ King. "I played it and played it and my listeners went nuts!" This massive audience response forced the record company to flip the songs, so that subsequent copies of the single listed the more popular song on the A-side. King was honored at New York's "Disco Masters Awards Show" for 3 consecutive years (1979–1981) in recognition of his relentless push of the song. The song received a Grammy Award for Best Disco Recording in 1980, the only year that award was given (Gloria had to wait another 40 years for her second Grammy, in the Grammy Award for Best Roots Gospel Album category). It is ranked #492 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of "the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time", and ranked at #97 on Billboard magazine's "All-Time Hot 100". In 2000, the song was ranked #1 in VH1's list of the '100 greatest dance songs' of all time and remains there to this day.

As a disco number, the song was unique for its time by virtue of Gaynor's having no background singers or lush production. And, unlike her first disco hits, the track was not pitched up to make it faster and to render Gaynor's recorded voice in a higher register than that in which she actually sang. Most disco hits at the time were heavily produced, with multiple voices, overdubs, and adjustments to pitch and speed. "I Will Survive" had a much more spare and "clean" sound. Had it been originally planned and released as an A-side, it would almost certainly have undergone a substantially more heavy-handed remix. In late 1979, she released the album I Have a Right which contained her next disco hit, "Let Me Know (I Have a Right)", which featured Doc Severinsen of The Tonight Show fame, on trumpet solo. Gaynor also recorded a disco song called "Love Is Just a Heartbeat Away" in 1979 for the cult vampire movie Nocturna: Granddaughter of Dracula which featured a number of Disco songs.

Stateside career

In 1980 and again in 1981, Gaynor released two disco albums which were virtually ignored in the United States due to the backlash against disco, which began late in 1979. The album's singles barely registered on Urban contemporary radio, where disco music remained popular. In 1982, having looked into a wide variety of faiths and religious movements,[11][12] she became a Christian and began to distance herself from a past she considered to be sinful. She would not release an album in 1982. In 1982, she released an album entitled Gloria Gaynor, in which she rejected disco for mid-tempo R&B and Pop style songs.

Gaynor would achieve her final success in the 1980s with the release of her album I Am Gloria Gaynor in 1984. This was mainly due to the song "I Am What I Am", which became a hit at dance clubs, and then on the Club Play chart in late 1983/early 1984. "I Am What I Am" became a gay anthem and made Gaynor a gay icon. Her 1986 album, The Power of Gloria Gaynor, was almost entirely composed of cover versions of other songs that were popular at the time. Gaynor supports LGBT rights.

Career revival

Gaynor's career received a revitalizing spark in the early and mid 1990s with the worldwide disco revival movement. During the late 1990s, she dabbled in acting for a while, guest starring on The Wayans Bros, That '70s Show (singing "I Will Survive"), and Ally McBeal, before doing a limited engagement performance in Broadway's Smokey Joe's Cafe. In 2001 Gaynor performed "I Will Survive" at the 30th Anniversary Concert for Michael Jackson.

Gaynor in 2003

Gloria Gaynor returned to the recording studio in 2002, releasing her first album in over 15 years, entitled, I Wish You Love. The two singles released from the album, "Just Keep Thinking About You" and "I Never Knew", both topped Billboard's Hot Dance Music/Club Play. Both singles also secured moderate to heavy Dance format radio airplay. The latter song also charted #30 on Billboard's Adult Contemporary chart. In 2004, Gaynor re-released her 1997 album The Answer (also released under the title What a Life) as a follow up to her successful album I Wish You Love. The album includes her popular club hit "Oh, What a Life".

In late 2002, Gaynor appeared with many R&B stars on the "Rhythm, Love, and Soul" edition of the PBS series American Soundtrack. Her performance of the Disco hit "I Will Survive" and new single "I Never Knew" was included on the accompanying live album that was released in 2004.

On September 19, 2005, Gaynor was honored twice when she and her music were inducted into the Dance Music Hall of Fame, in the "Artist" category along with fellow disco legends Chic and Sylvester. Her classic anthem "I Will Survive" was inducted under the "Records" category. In January 2008, The American Diabetes Association named Gaynor the Honorary Spokesperson of the 2008 NYC Step Out to Fight Diabetes Walk.[13]

More television appearances followed in the late 2000s with 2009 appearances on The John Kerwin Show, The Wendy Williams Show,[14] and The View to promote the 30th anniversary of "I Will Survive".[15] In 2010, she appeared on Last Comic Standing and The Tonight Show.

Forty years after its release, Gaynor continues to ride the success of "I Will Survive", touring the country and the world over and performing her signature song on dozens of TV shows. A few successful remixes of the song during the 1990s and 2000s along with new versions of the song by Lonnie Gordon, Diana Ross, Chantay Savage, rock group Cake and others as well as constant recurrent airplay on nearly all Soft AC and Rhythmic format radio stations have helped to keep the song in the mainstream. Said Gaynor of her biggest hit in a 2012 interview: "It feels great to have such a song like that because I get kids five and six years old telling me they like the song, and then people seventy-five and eighty. It's quite an honor."[16] The song was revived yet again in 2015 for the movie The Martian, where the sound track is used at the end as the credits roll.[17]

Gaynor released a Contemporary Christian album in late 2013.

On May 16, 2015, Gloria Gaynor was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Music by Dowling College.[18] In 2017 Gloria made a cameo appearance as a flight attendant in a Capital One commercial, while Samuel L. Jackson, Charles Barkley, and Spike Lee sang "I Will Survive".

In 2016, Gloria Gaynor's "I Will Survive" was selected for induction into the Library of Congress' National Recording Registry.[19]

On May 6, 2017, Gloria Gaynor performed with her band at the Library of Congress' celebration of disco music at Bibliodiscotheque, a disco dance party in the Great Hall of the Thomas Jefferson building.[20]

Due to the devastation wreaked by hurricane Harvey on the state of Texas in August 2017, Gaynor rewrote the lyrics to "I Will Survive", changing the title to "Texas Will Survive", and posted video of herself singing the song on Twitter on August 30, 2017.[21]

In January 2020, she won her second Grammy Award in her career, 40 years after her first (for I Will Survive), for her roots gospel album Testimony.

Discography
Main article: Gloria Gaynor discography
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See also
  • List of artists who reached number one on the Hot 100 (U.S.)
  • List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Dance chart
  • List of number-one dance hits (United States)
  • List of number-one hits (United States)
  • List of best-selling singles

References
  1. "Newark Public Schools Historical Preservation Committee" (PDF).
  2. "I Will Survive by Gloria Gaynor". prezi.com. Retrieved 2020-03-12.
  3. Betts, Stephen L. (June 14, 2019) "Gloria Gaynor Preaches Survival on Inspiring New Gospel Album" Rolling Stone. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  4. Maye, Warren L. (2019). "You Will Survive". SAConnects. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
  5. Rosenfeld, Stacey (2012-03-16). "Gaynor recalls how she 'survived' her lifestyle". Cliffside Park Citizen. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  6. Blanz, Sharla (2007-12-19). ""I Will Survive" singer Gloria Gaynor graduated from Southside High School in Newark". Njmonthly.com 1961. Archived from the original on 2012-07-02. Retrieved 2012-12-27.
  7. "South Side High School Yearbook - Page 43". cdm17229.contentdm.oclc.org. Retrieved 2020-03-12.
  8. Shapiro, Michael M. "Essex County Executive DiVincenzo and Newark Council President Crump Welcome Gloria Gaynor Home to Essex County", TAPinto.net, August 24, 2020. Accessed May 8, 2020. "Gloria Gaynor was born at Beth Israel Hospital in Newark, graduated from South Side High School (now known as Shabazz) in 1961 and often attended Metropolitan Baptist Church in Newark with her family."
  9. Gaynor, Gloria (2014-03-11). I Will Survive: The Book. St. Martin's Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-4668-6595-2.
  10. "'I Will Survive' Is More Than a Song for Gloria Gaynor". Los Angeles Times. December 29, 2000. Retrieved October 11, 2019.
  11. Daneff, Tiffany (July 17, 1993). "The Arts: The new gospel according to Gloria She survives, and prospers, but the queen of the disco has done with clubbing, writes Tiffany Daneff". The Daily Telegraph.
  12. Quigley, Elizabeth (April 9, 1996). "Disco's born survivor". The Scotsman.
  13. "Step Out: Walk to Fight Diabetes: New York City, NY". diabetes.org. Archived from the original on 2008-10-12. Retrieved 2008-09-08.
  14. DJBigBlender (2016-11-07), Disco Star Gloria Gaynor on the Wendy Williams show (October 2009), retrieved 2016-11-07
  15. Video on YouTube
  16. Ask American Profile. Published in American Profile newsmagazine. January 29, 2012 edition. Page 2.
  17. "The Martian". IMDB. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  18. "Gloria Gaynor". Dowling College. Archived from the original on 2015-04-04.
  19. "National Recording Registry Recognizes "Mack the Knife," Motown and Mahler". Loc.gov. Retrieved October 11, 2019.
  20. "Library of Congress Bibliodiscotheque, April 12 - May 6, 2017 (Concerts from the Library of Congress, 2016-2017)". Loc.gov. Retrieved October 11, 2019.
  21. "'Texas Will Survive': Gloria Gaynor rewrites hit song to support Texans". KVUE. Retrieved 2019-11-25.
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