George Poinar Jr.

George O. Poinar Jr. (born April 25, 1936) is an American entomologist and writer. He is known for popularizing the idea of extracting DNA from insects fossilized in amber, an idea which received widespread attention when adapted by Michael Crichton for the book and movie Jurassic Park.

George O. Poinar Jr.
Born (1936-04-25) April 25, 1936
Washington, United States
NationalityAmerican
Alma materCornell University
Scientific career
Fieldsentomologist
InstitutionsUniversity of California, Berkeley Oregon State University

Poinar earned a BS and MS at Cornell University, and remained there for his doctoral studies, receiving a PhD in biology in 1962. He spent many of his years of research at University of California, Berkeley in the Department of Entomology, Division of Insect Pathology. There, and during travels around the globe, he performed research on the axenic culture of nematodes, nematode parasites of insects and the fossil records of insects and nematodes in amber.

In 1992 a team consisting of Poinar, his wife entomologist Roberta Poinar, his son Hendrik, and Dr. Raúl J. Cano of California Polytechnic State University successfully extracted insect DNA from a Lebanese weevil in amber that was 125 million years old, collected by Raif Milki in Lebanon. More recent studies of ancient DNA cast doubt on the DNA results, but not on the authenticity of the amber samples.[1]

In 1995, George and Roberta Poinar, a fellow researcher from Berkeley, moved to Oregon, where they opened the Amber Institute. Upon his move to Oregon he received a courtesy appointment to the Department of Entomology of Oregon State University.

In 2016, Poinar announced the discovery of a new plant species that’s a 45-million-year-old relative of coffee he found in amber. Named Strychnos electri, after the Greek word for amber (electron), the flowers represent the first-ever fossils of an asterid.[2]

In 2017, Poinar published a paper describing a fossilized flower and its tentative pollinator.[3] The paper describes a flower of an ancestral milkweed plant, which was named Discoflorus neotropicus, and a termite carrying a pollinium, all covered in Dominican amber.

Poinar's son, Hendrik Poinar, is a genetics researcher in the Department of Anthropology at McMaster University.[4]

Publications
  • Life in Amber (1992), a summary of the varied forms of insect and other life found in amber
  • Amplification and sequencing of DNA from a 120-135-million-year-old weevil (1993)
  • The Quest for Life in Amber (1994)
  • The Amber Forest: A Reconstruction of a Vanished World (1999), co-authored with Roberta Poinar
  • Lebanese Amber: The Oldest Insect Ecosystem in Fossilized Resin, co-authored with Raif Milki who collected the amber samples in Lebanon (2001)
gollark: I think it's just composition in different directions.
gollark: PotatOS does use debug in a few places, but optionally because it's not always there.
gollark: I added some features to `nil`, `number:tostring()`, "addition"/"subtraction" for functions, and many things for strings.
gollark: I implemented division of strings then fraction support so you can do `1 / "d" * "abcdefg"`.
gollark: Metatables are so much fun especially with `debug`.

References
  1. Hebsgaard, Martin B.; Phillips, Matthew J.; Willerslev, Eske (2005), "Geologically ancient DNA: fact or artefact?", Trends in Microbiology, 13 (5): 212–220, doi:10.1016/j.tim.2005.03.010, PMID 15866038
  2. "Prehistoric Coffee Ancestor Found in Amber". discovery.com. February 16, 2016.
  3. Ancient Termite Pollinator of Milkweed Flowers in Dominican Amber Poinar GO Jr. American Entomologist 2017 63:52-59
  4. Poinar, Jr (and Poinar), George (and Roberta) (2008). What Bugged the Dinosaurs?: Insects, disease, and death in the Cretaceous. Princeton University Press.


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