Fort de l'Est

Fort de l'Est is a military strong point designed to protect Paris. It was built between 1841 and 1843 in Saint-Denis at the direction of French prime minister Adolphe Thiers, and was part of an immense defensive belt comprising 17 detached forts and the Thiers Wall surrounding Paris. The evolution of artillery quickly made these fortifications obsolete.

Fort de l'Est
Part of Thiers fortifications of Paris
Saint-Denis, France
Fort de l'Est in Saint-Denis and in the distance, Lycée Suger and the Stade de France
Fort de l'Est
Coordinates48.930556°N 2.372222°E / 48.930556; 2.372222
TypeFort
Site information
OwnerFrench Army
Controlled byFrance
Open to
the public		no
ConditionOccupied by French Army
Site history
Built1841 (1841)
Battles/warsSiege of Paris (1870–1871)
Fort de l'Est (1910) with dirigible apparently added to the image
Map (1871) showing four forts: Saint-Denis: La Briche, Double-Couronne du Nord, Fort de l'Est and Fort d'Aubervilliers, along with the northern portion of the Thiers Wall

The fort is still used by the French Army. Units associated with the fort include a number of reserve units and the headquarters of the National Association of Reserve Warrant Officers. French Foreign Legion units associated with Operation Vigipirate are also stationed at Fort de l'Est.[1] The northeast bastion of the formerly four-sided fort was removed to make way for the A1 autoroute, from which the fort is visible, and faces the Lycée Suger secondary school, built in 1994. The military files concerning military insubordinations of World War I in the French Army are preserved there, as well as some unclassified files from the library of the former garrison.[2] The glacis of the fort is partly occupied by community gardens.

Significant events

In 1870 the French forces at the Fort de l'Est fired on Stains, which was occupied by the Prussians, damaging a church and demolishing the chateau.[3] Prussians eventually occupied the fort.

In 1872 the fort's chaplain, Jules Bonhomme, published a popular memoir featuring the fort.[4]

On August 25, 1944, German army occupation forces evacuated the fort.[5]

In 1958 the inter-army office for standardization of materials (BICM) was installed at Fort de l'Est after France's ratification in 1956 of NATO standardization policies.

During the Algerian War in 1962, a military tribunal held hearings at the Fort d l'Est in which Jean Bastien-Thiry was judged guilty of attempting to assassinate President Charles de Gaulle and condemned to death. He was executed at the Fort d'Ivry.[6] Almost one hundred officers were held at Fort de l'Est.

Between 2002 and 2004 the Salvation Army operated a 150-bed winter shelter within the fort, assisting 18,000 persons in 2002.[7]

In 2009 a village of temporary houses was placed on the site to accommodate about twenty Romani families moved from the "André-Campra" shantytown in La Plaine.[8]

Sources
  • This page is a translation of its French equivalent.
gollark: Did you know that there are actually three independent XTMF writer programs, and three reader ones (two for ingame use, one for playing back tapes on the desktop for some bizarre reason)?
gollark: You are *really* repetitive, qez.
gollark: If I were to redesign it, it would probably use CBOR in place of JSON, possibly apply some sort of minimal compression library, and include a "track type" field of some kind.
gollark: XTMF is admittedly not the best-designed standard, in retrospect.
gollark: See, thanks to it loading standardized XTMF tapes, instead of... having me hardcode the tracks on the computer or something... I can just put in tapes and it'll handle them fine.

See also

References
  1. "La 8e compagnie en mission VIGIPIRATE". Les activités de la réserve (in French). Légion étrangère. 2010. Archived from the original on 11 January 2010. Retrieved 13 January 2010.
  2. Bach, André (2003). Fusillés pour l'exemple (in French). Paris: Tallandier.
  3. "L'Hôtel de Ville de Stains" (in French). Seine Saint Denis Tourisme. Retrieved 13 January 2010.
  4. Souvenirs du Fort de l'Est, près Saint-Denis, Carnet d'un aumônier de l'armée de Paris, 1870-1871 (in French). Paris: Lecoffre, fils et Cie. 1872.
  5. "Libération de Paris". Retrieved 13 January 2010.
  6. Ordioni, Pierre (2000). Mémoires à contretemps 1945-1972 (in French). Paris: Nouvelles éd. latines. ISBN 978-2-7233-2020-7.
  7. "De nouvelles dispositions". 14 novembre 2003 : LE « PLAN HIVER 2003/2004 » PORTE UNE FORTE ATTENTION AUX FAMILLES (in French). Armée du Salut. 2003. Archived from the original on November 21, 2008. Retrieved 13 January 2010.
  8. Lenfant, Marylène (May 4, 2009). "Premiers pas vers une nouvelle vie" (in French). Le Journal de Saint-Denis. Retrieved 13 January 2010.
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