Foreign Assistance Act

The Foreign Assistance Act (Pub.L. 87–195, 75 Stat. 424-2, enacted September 4, 1961, 22 U.S.C. § 2151 et seq.) is a United States Act of Congress. The Act reorganized the structure of existing U.S. foreign assistance programs, distinguishing between military from non-military aid, and created a new agency, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to administer non-military, economic assistance programs. President John F. Kennedy signed the Act on November 3, 1961, and issued Executive Order 10973, detailing the reorganization.[1]

Foreign Assistance Act (1961)
Other short titles
  • Act for International Development of 1961
  • Foreign Aid Authorization Act of 1961
Long titleAn Act to promote the foreign policy, security, and general welfare of the United States by assisting peoples of the world in their efforts toward economic and social development and internal and external security, and for other purposes.
NicknamesForeign Assistance Act of 1961
Enacted bythe 87th United States Congress
EffectiveSeptember 4, 1961
Citations
Public law87-195
Statutes at Large75 Stat. 424-2
Codification
Titles amended22 U.S.C.: Foreign Relations and Intercourse
U.S.C. sections created22 U.S.C. ch. 32 § 2151
Legislative history
Major amendments
Foreign Assistance Act of 1974

USAID unified already existing U.S. aid efforts, combining the economic and technical assistance operations of the International Cooperation Administration, the loan activities of the Development Loan Fund, the local currency functions of the Export-Import Bank, and the agricultural surplus distribution activities of the Food for Peace program of the Department of Agriculture.

The Act provides that no assistance is to be provided to a government which "engages in a consistent pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human rights, including torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment, prolonged detention without charges, causing the disappearance of persons by the abduction and clandestine detention of those persons, or other flagrant denial of the right to life, liberty, and the security of person, unless such assistance will directly benefit the needy people in such country."[2]

The Act also provides that no assistance is to be provided to any Communist country. However, the President may waive this prohibition if he determines that such assistance is vital to the national security of the United States, that the country is not controlled by the international Communist conspiracy, and that the assistance will promote the country's independence from international Communism. The President may also remove a country from the application of this provision for a certain time which the President determines. In order to remove a country from the application of this provision, the President must determine and report to Congress that such action is important to the national security of the United States.

The Act was amended in 2004 specific to the treatment of orphans and other vulnerable children. This amendment allows the president to provide aid to the peoples of other countries to look after children in cases of HIV/AIDS and to set up schools and other programs for the advancement of child treatment.[3][4]

Amendments to 1961 Act

Chronological timeline of amendments and revisions to the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.

Date of Enactment Public Law Number U.S. Statute Citation U.S. Legislative Bill U.S. Presidential Administration
August 1, 1962 Pub.L. 87–565 76 Stat. 255 S. 2996 John F. Kennedy
December 16, 1963 Pub.L. 88–205 77 Stat. 379 H.R. 7885 Lyndon B. Johnson
October 7, 1964 Pub.L. 88–633 78 Stat. 1009 H.R. 11380 Lyndon B. Johnson
September 6, 1965 Pub.L. 89–171 79 Stat. 653 H.R. 7750 Lyndon B. Johnson
March 18, 1966 Pub.L. 89–371 80 Stat. 74 H.R. 12169 Lyndon B. Johnson
September 19, 1966 Pub.L. 89–583 80 Stat. 795-3 H.R. 15750 Lyndon B. Johnson
November 14, 1967 Pub.L. 90–137 81 Stat. 445 S. 1872 Lyndon B. Johnson
October 8, 1968 Pub.L. 90–554 82 Stat. 960 H.R. 15263 Lyndon B. Johnson
January 5, 1971 Pub.L. 91–652 84 Stat. 1942 H.R. 19911 Richard M. Nixon
December 30, 1974 Pub.L. 93–559 88 Stat. 1795 S. 3394 Gerald R. Ford
June 30, 1976 Pub.L. 94–329 90 Stat. 729 H.R. 13680 Gerald R. Ford
September 8, 2017 Pub.L. 115–56 131 Stat. 1129 H.R. 601 Donald Trump
gollark: The next round is to be planned when it is planned.
gollark: If I was Host, it would have worked really well.
gollark: Exactly.
gollark: Which did work.
gollark: I suppose it might not have helped that I was continuously convincing people it was me.

See also

Notes
  1. Executive Order 10973, 3 November 1961, Administration of Foreign Assistance and Related Functions
  2. "22 U.S. Code § 8422 - Authorization of assistance". Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  3. H.R. 1298 at Congress.gov
  4. "United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 ~ P.L. 108-25" (PDF). 117 Stat. 711 ~ House Bill 1298. U.S. Government Printing Office. May 27, 2003.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.