Football in Ghana

Football is the most popular sport in Ghana. Between 1957 and 2018, the sport was administered by the Ghana Football Association.[1] Internationally, Ghana is represented by the male Black Stars and the female Black Queens. The top male domestic football league in Ghana is the Ghana Premier League, and the top female domestic football league in Ghana is the Ghana Women's Football League. Football is the most popular sport in the country.

Football in Ghana
CountryGhana
Governing bodyGhana Football Association
National team(s)men's national team
Club competitions
First Capital Plus Premier League
International competitions
Champions League
CAF Confederation Cup
Super Cup
FIFA Club World Cup
FIFA World Cup(National Team)
African Cup of Nations(National Team)

History

It is on record that the game of football was introduced into the Gold Coast region towards the close of the 19th century by merchants from Europe. Sailors during their leisure times played football among themselves and sometimes with a select side of the indigenous people. The popularity of the game spread like wild fire within a short time along the coast culminating in the formation of the first football club, Excelsior, in 1903 by Mr. Briton, a Jamaican-born Briton, who was then the Head Teacher of Philip Quaicoe Government Boys School in Cape Coast.

Ghana national men's football team
Accra Sports Stadium also known as Ohene Djan Stadium is one of the four stadiums used by the Ghana national football team (Black Stars), U-23 team (Meteors), U-20 team (Black Satellites), U-17 team (Black Starlets) and the Ghana women's national football team (Black Queens)
Main article: Ghana national football team

The Black Stars team is one of the highly rated national football teams in Africa. Ghana has won the African Cup of Nations championships on four occasions.[2] They also reached the last sixteen of the 2006 FIFA World Cup before being eliminated by the Brazil. At the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa, they became the third African team in history to reach the World Cup quarter-finals. Some illustrious players have been Charles Kumi Gyamfi, Abédi Pelé, Abdul Razak, Tony Yeboah, Samuel Kuffour and Michael Essien.

The youth teams have been successful as well. The U-17 team regularly competes in the FIFA U-17 World Cup and has won it twice and were runners-up twice. The U-20 team were runners-up twice in the FIFA U-20 World Cup, and in 2009 the Black Satellites completed the double by winning the 2009 African Youth Championship and being crowned 2009 U-20 World Cup Champions thus becoming the first African Country to win the U-20 World Cup Championship. In 1992, Olympic U-23 team became the first African country to win a medal at Olympic Games football and in 2011 the Black Meteors were crowned 2011 All-Africa Games champions for the first time. Former Black Stars senior squad members such as Sulley Muntari, Michael Essien, John Mensah and captain Stephen Appiah all got their start at these youth tournaments.

In 2014, Ghana was one of the eight nations to take part in the first Unity World Cup.

Top goalscorers
As of 26 June 2014, the players with the most goals for the senior Ghanaian national team are:

Ghana national women's football team
Main article: Ghana women's national football team

The Black Queens have taken part in all the FIFA Women's World Cup championships since 1999. The team has however failed to go beyond the first round on each occasion. Ghana has also been runner up to Nigeria on three occasions in the African Women's Championships. Two Ghanaians, Alberta Sackey and Adjoa Bayor have been voted African Women Player of the Year.

Ghana Premier League
First Capital Plus Bank is the commercial sponsor of Ghana Premier League.
Main article: Ghana Premier League
See also: Ghana Football Leagues

Ghanaian FA Cup
Main article: Ghanaian FA Cup

Ghana Super Cup
Main article: Ghana Super Cup

Ghana Women's Football League

Accra Sports Stadium disaster
Main article: Accra Sports Stadium disaster

Football Academies

Since the late 1990s, European clubs and entrepreneurs have started establishing football academies in Ghana. Among the first ones were Ajax, Feyenoord, and Right to Dream. Unlike other youth teams in Ghana (also known as colts), academies offer an educational setting alongside football training. In the 2010s, locally-based academies have started to spring up across the country.[6] King James Asuming established Kumasi Sports Academy in Kumasi, which, unlike most academies in Ghana, offers a program for boys and girls[7]. Kumasi Sports Academy kickstarted the career of multiple female footballers, including Blessing Shine Agbomadzi, defender for the Black Queens. Ernest Kufuor established Unistar Soccer Academy in the town of Kasoa-Ofaakor. Dozens of footballers started playing at Unistar, including Lumor Agbenyenu, defender for the Black Stars. Unistar is also known for its urban impact. Many of the town's residents attested that Unistar had attracted new visitors, businesses and residents, improving the town’s infrastructures and general wellbeing.[8] Mandela Soccer Academy was established in Accra by Mohammed Issa with a main goal of leveraging football’s universal appeal to advance broader visions of youth and community empowerment.[9] Patmos Arhin, who currently plays for Turkish club Boluspor, played at Mandela Soccer Academy for several years.

Notable players
See also: Ghana Player of the Year

African Player of the Year and notable players
Abédi Pelé is a three time African Footballer of the Year winner. He is Ghana's most successful football player and highest goalscorer of the Ghana national team to date, and has received the Golden Foot award.

In the 1990s, Abédi Pelé and Tony Yeboah received FIFA World Player of the Year top ten nominations: the following decade Sammy Kuffour and Michael Essien received Ballon d'Or nominations. Abédi Pelé was listed in the 2004 "FIFA 100" greatest living footballers.

On 13 January 2007, the Confederation of African Football voted Abédi Pelé, Michael Essien, Tony Yeboah, Karim Abdul Razak and Samuel Kuffour as members of the CAF top 30 best African players of all-time. In addition, Abédi and Yeboah were voted as among of the best African players of the century in 1999 by IFFHS.

Men
Women
  • Alberta Sackey – 2002 AWPOY Winner
  • Adjoa Bayor – 2003 AWPOY Winner
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References
  1. "The Politics of Soccer - How Kwame Nkrumah built a team of winners". southerntimesafrica.com. Archived from the original on 2013-12-10.
  2. Anaman, Fiifi. "The Last Time: How Ghana managed an unlikely ascension unto the African football throne". Retrieved 13 July 2017.
  3. "Gyan, Asamoah". National Football Teams. Benjamin Strack-Zimmerman. Retrieved 28 January 2012.
  4. "Abedi Pelé Ghana's brightest Black Star". FIFA. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
  5. "Ghana would qualify to next round of World Cup - Tony Yeboah". ghanaweb.com. 19 May 2010. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
  6. Dubinsky, Itamar; Schler, Lynn (2019). "Goal dreams: conflicting development imaginaries in Ghanaian football academies". The Journal of Modern African Studies. 57 (2): 247–272. doi:10.1017/S0022278X19000041. ISSN 0022-278X.
  7. Dubinsky and Schler 2019, p.256
  8. Dubinsky and Schler 2019, p.261
  9. Dubinsky, Itamar; Schler, Lynn (2016-10-12). "The Mandela Soccer Academy: Historical and Contemporary Intersections between Ghana, Lebanon, and the West". The International Journal of the History of Sport. 33 (15): 1730–1747. doi:10.1080/09523367.2017.1317633. ISSN 0952-3367.
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