Fashion week

A fashion week is a fashion industry event, lasting approximately one week, where fashion designers, brands or "houses" display their latest collections in runway fashion shows to buyers and the media. These events influence trends for the current and upcoming seasons.

For the Death Grips album, see Fashion Week (album).

Karmen Pedaru modeling for Michael Kors, Spring/Summer New York Fashion Week, 2013

The most prominent fashion weeks are held in the fashion capitals of the world; New York, London, Milan, and Paris, or the "Big Four" which receive the majority of press coverage.

As the fashion scene turns more multipolar in the 21st century, other centers such as Sydney, São Paulo, Bangalore, Mumbai, Beirut, Seoul, Berlin, Dubai, Los Angeles, Madrid, Monaco, Rome, Taipei, Shanghai, New Delhi, Vancouver, Copenhagen, Sibiu, Jakarta, Tokyo, Jordan, Algiers and Borneo host fashion weeks. [1]

History

The concept of fashion week began in Paris, when marketers used to hire women to wear couture items in public places, from racetracks to salons.[2] These parades gradually began to become social events of their own. In France, runway shows are still called "défilés de mode" which when translated literally means "fashion parades."

In 1903, a New York City shop called Ehrich Brothers put on what is thought to have been the country’s first fashion show to lure middle-class women into the store.[3] By 1910, many big department stores were holding shows of their own. It is likely that American retailers saw the "fashion parades" in couture salons, and decided to use the idea. These "parades" were an effective way to promote stores, and improve their status. By the 1920s, the fashion show had been used by retailers across the country. They were staged, and often held in the shop’s restaurant during lunch or teatime. These shows were usually more theatrical than those of today, heavily based upon a single theme, and accompanied with a narrative commentary. The shows were hugely popular, enticing crowds in their thousands – crowds so large, that stores in New York in the 1950s had to obtain a license to have live models.

In 1943, the first-ever "fashion week," New York Fashion Week, was held, with one main purpose: to give fashion buyers alternatives to French fashion during World War II, when workers in the fashion industry were unable to travel to Paris.[4]

Until 1994, shows were held in different locations, such as hotels, or lofts. From 1994 to 2009, the event was held in a tent at Bryant Park, behind the New York Public Library. Lincoln Center was the Fashion Week venue from 2010 to 2015,[5] after which it moved to Clarkson Square, an events venue in SoHo.[6]

The first Paris fashion week began in 1973.[7]

In almost all fashion shows world wide celebrities notoriously have meltdowns, which steals the show from the fashion itself. These displays are now famously known as "show stealers". [8]

About
Main article: List of fashion events
Amanda Bynes at New York Fashion Week, 2009

Although there are many notable fashion weeks around the world, only four are known as the "Big Four"; Paris, Milan, London and New York.[9][10][11] Paris began holding couture shows in 1945,[12] Milan Fashion Week was founded by the Italian Chamber of Commerce in 1958,[13] Paris Fashion Week was further organized in 1973 under the French Fashion Federation,[14] and London Fashion Week was founded by the British Fashion Council in 1984.[15] Although these key organizations still organize the main shows, there are independent events and producers in all cities, as well.[16]

Display content and style

There are primarily two kinds of shows, those of womenswear and menswear. There are also shows particular to each location. For example, most haute couture shows are held in Paris, while most bridal shows are held in New York.

Paris' haute couture shows take place in Paris in January and July. Due to rules set down by the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture, haute couture can only be shown in Paris.

Recent designers have increasingly shown inter-seasonal collections between the traditional Autumn/Winter and Spring/Summer seasons. These collections are usually more commercial than the main season collections and help shorten the customer's wait for new season clothes. The inter-seasonal collections are Resort/Cruise (before Spring/Summer) and Pre-Fall (before Autumn/Winter). There is no fixed schedule for these shows in any of the major fashion capitals but they typically happen three months after the main season shows. Some designers show their inter-seasonal collections outside their home city. For example, Karl Lagerfeld has shown his Resort and Pre-Fall collections for Chanel in cities such as Moscow, Los Angeles, and Monte Carlo instead of Paris. Many designers also put on presentations as opposed to traditional shows during Resort and Pre-Fall either to cut down costs or because they feel the clothes can be better understood in this medium.

Some fashion weeks can be genre-specific, such as Miami Fashion Week and Rio Summer fashion week, which focus on swimwear, the haute couture shows in Paris which display one-of-a-kind designer originals, and Indonesia Islamic Fashion Week for Muslim fashion. Bangalore Fashion Week displays festive wear and Bridal Fashion Week, while Portland (Oregon, USA) Fashion Week showcases some eco-friendly designers. Bread and Butter Berlin hosts the leading fashion show for everyday fashion.

See now, buy now

In recent years, shows have begun to feature garments that are available for sale immediately, online or in stores.[17] The other move has been to "see now, buy now" shows, often featuring clickable video, where looks are available online immediately following, or even during the show.[18] "See now, buy now" experiences have included shows from Tom Ford, Nicole Miller, and Tommy Hilfiger. For example, in 2019 at the Tommy x Zendaya show, Hilfiger commented on the innovation of the "see now, buy now" concept.[19]

The advent of "see now, buy now" shopping has also come about in response to so-called "fast fashion" retailers, who copy designs from the runway and bring them to retail faster than traditional design houses.[20][21]

In spite of the call to rethink the runways with the idea "see now, buy now," as of 2017, the French Federation of Fashion has opposed the change.[22]

Timing of the Events
Male and female models on runway at a fashion show in Washington, D.C., February 2017

Fashion week happens twice a year in the major fashion capitals of the world; New York (February 7-15), London (February 15-19), Milan (February 19-25), and Paris (February 25-March 5).[23]

Traditionally, fashion weeks were held several months in advance of the season to allow the press and buyers a chance to preview fashion designs for the following season. In February and March, designers showcased their autumn and winter collections. In September and October, designers showcased their spring and summer collections.

This timing was largely created to follow the then slower "retail cycle." In other words, it allowed time for retailers to purchase and incorporate the designers into their retail marketing. However, as customer expectations have increased, the retail cycle has increased. As a result, in 2016, designers started moving to "in-season shows."[24]

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See also

References
  1. "The big four fashion capitals of the world".
  2. "Fashion History Lesson: The Evolution of Runway Shows". Fashionista. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  3. Leach, William R. "Transformations in a Culture of Consumption: Women and Department Stores, 1890-1925". The Journal of American History. Vol. 71, No. 2 (Sep., 1984), pp. 319-342. Accessed August 14, 2011.
  4. Amanda Fortini, "How the Runway Took Off. A brief history of the fashion show." Feb. 8, 2006
  5. Lockwood, Lisa (2015-04-13). "New York Fashion Week Leaves Lincoln Center". WWD. Retrieved 2017-11-07.
  6. "Hudson Yards is in talks to host New York Fashion Week". New York Post. 2017-09-12. Retrieved 2017-11-07.
  7. "Petite histoire de la Fashion Week en 2 minutes - Les Inrocks". 10 April 2017. Archived from the original on 10 April 2017. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  8. Greer, Carlos (2016-10-04). "Kanye had 'meltdown,' fired entire staff after fashion show disaster". Page Six. Retrieved 2020-06-08.
  9. "The Long and Winding History of Fashion Week | New York Fashion Week". New York Fashion Week. Archived from the original on 2016-04-25. Retrieved 2016-04-07.
  10. Ward, Maria. "Introducing the New Vogue Runway App: Your Digital Front Row Seat to Fashion Week". Vogue. Retrieved 2016-04-07.
  11. Emling, Shelley. "Big 4 fashion weeks get new company - Style - International Herald Tribune - The New York Times". Retrieved 2016-04-07.
  12. "The history of haute couture". Harper's BAZAAR. 2017-01-19. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  13. Davies, Lizzy (2013-11-21). "Armani throws his weight behind efforts to revive Milan fashion week". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  14. "Paris Fashion Week's Best Moments: Revisit 14 Iconic Catwalk Shows". Marie Claire. 2016-10-10. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  15. "25 years of London Fashion Week - Telegraph". fashion.telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  16. "The Long and Winding History of Fashion Week | New York Fashion Week". New York Fashion Week. 2015-09-23. Archived from the original on 2016-04-25. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  17. "Tom Ford Shifts Show to Match Retail Cycle". The Business of Fashion. 2016-02-05. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  18. "8 Collections You Can Shop Straight From the Runway". ELLE. 2016-09-15. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  19. Mackelden, Amy. "Tommy x Zendaya Hits Paris Fashion Week and It's Bringing Back the Days of Disco". Harpers Bazaar. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
  20. "Fashion Week Trends Fast Fashion 2016". Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  21. "Fashion History Lesson: The Origins of Fast Fashion". Fashionista. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  22. "French Fashion Execs Vote Against 'See Now, Buy Now' Schedule". Fashionista. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  23. fashionweekonline.com https://fashionweekonline.com/fashion-week-dates. Retrieved 2019-03-25. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  24. "The CFDA Released a Guidebook for Designers Transitioning to In-Season Shows". Fashionista. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
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