Eumenophorinae

Eumenophorinae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Araneae
Infraorder:	Mygalomorphae
Family:	Theraphosidae
Subfamily:	Eumenophorinae; Pocock, 1897[1]
Genera
	See text.

The Eumenophorinae are a subfamily of tarantula spiders (family Theraphosidae). They are known from 13 genera distributed across Africa, southwestern countries in Saudi Arabia, and Madagascar and the associated islands.[2]

Distribution

At about 158-160 million years ago (Mya), Gondwana split up and the Indo-Madagascan plate drifted away from the rest of the super continent. At around 84-86 Mya, India split from Madagascar and drifted into Eurasia (66-55 Mya), to its current position. Therefore, all fauna in Gondwana (such as the Eumenophorinae) would be distributed on all three land masses.[2]

Characteristics

The Eumenophorinae have stridulatory spike setae on the coxae of all legs, and a "comb" of stiffened setae on the palpal femur. In 2005, Richard Gallon described the monotypic genus Mascaraneus, which lacks the stridulatory spike setae.[2]

Genera

Anoploscelus Pocock, 1897[3]
Batesiella Pocock, 1903[3]
Encyocrates Simon, 1892[3]
Eumenophorus Pocock, 1897[3]
Hysterocrates Simon, 1892[3]
Loxomphalia Simon, 1889[3]
Loxoptygus Simon, 1903[3]
Mascaraneus Gallon, 2005[4]
Monocentropus Pocock, 1897[3]
Myostola Simon, 1903[3]
Pelinobius Karsch, 1885 (as Citharischius Pocock, 1900)[3]
Phoneyusa Karsch, 1884[3]
Sahydroaraneus Mirza & Sanap, 2014[2]

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References

Raven, R.J. (1985). "The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 182: 1–180. hdl:2246/955.
Mirza, Z.A.; Sanap, R.V. & Bhosale, H. (2014). "Preliminary review of Indian Eumenophorinae (Araneae: Theraphosidae) with description of a new genus and five new species from the Western Ghats". PLOS One. 9 (2): e87928. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0087928. PMC 3925112. PMID 24551072.
Schmidt, G. (2003). "8.6 Eumenophorinae Pocock, 1897". Die Vogelspinnen: Eine weltweite Übersicht. Neue Brehm-Bücherei. Hohenwarsleben: Westarp Wissenschaften. pp. 207–216. ISBN 978-3-89432-899-3.
Gallon, R.C. (2005). "On a new genus and species of theraphosid spider from Serpent Island, Mauritius (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Eumenophorinae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society. 13: 175–178. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2016-02-07.

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[Rave85-1] Raven, R.J. (1985). "The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 182: 1–180. hdl:2246/955.

[MirzSanaBhos14-2] Mirza, Z.A.; Sanap, R.V. & Bhosale, H. (2014). "Preliminary review of Indian Eumenophorinae (Araneae: Theraphosidae) with description of a new genus and five new species from the Western Ghats". PLOS One. 9 (2): e87928. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0087928. PMC 3925112. PMID 24551072.

[Schm03-3] Schmidt, G. (2003). "8.6 Eumenophorinae Pocock, 1897". Die Vogelspinnen: Eine weltweite Übersicht. Neue Brehm-Bücherei. Hohenwarsleben: Westarp Wissenschaften. pp. 207–216. ISBN 978-3-89432-899-3.

[Gall05-4] Gallon, R.C. (2005). "On a new genus and species of theraphosid spider from Serpent Island, Mauritius (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Eumenophorinae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society. 13: 175–178. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2016-02-07.