Erronea onyx

Erronea onyx, common name the onyx cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.[1]

Erronea onyx
Five views of a shell of Erronea onyx
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Class:
Gastropoda
(unranked):
clade Caenogastropoda
clade Hypsogastropoda
clade Littorinimorpha
Superfamily:
Cypraeoidea
Family:
Cypraeidae
Subfamily:
Erroneinae
Genus:
Erronea
Species:
E. onyx
Binomial name
Erronea onyx
Synonyms[1]

Description

The shells of these quite common cowries reach on average 32–38 millimetres (1.3–1.5 in) of length, with a minimum size of 24 millimetres (0.94 in) and a maximum size of 57 millimetres (2.2 in). The dorsum surface of Erronea onyx is smooth, shiny and generally golden brown, with alternating longitudinal fuzzy bands of translucent bluish and reddish colors (hence the Latin name onyx). The base and the margins are dark brown or black, sometimes the teeth are orange. In the living cowries mantle is dark brown, quite thin, with bluish papillae.

Shell of Erronea onyx
Dorsal view of three shells of Erronea onyx

Distribution

This species occurs the Indian Ocean on the coasts of Aldabra, the Comores, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Réunion, the Seychelles, Tanzania and in the Pacific Ocean along East China, Thailand, northern Australia, Indonesia, Philippines, Palau Islands and Solomon Islands.

Habitat

Erronea onyx lives in tropical and subtropical zones, in shallow subtidal water up to 5–25 metres (16–82 ft) depth, mainly in muddy areas or sandy sea floor, feeding on algae or coral polyps.

Subspecies

What used to be called Erronea onyx adusta, Lamarck, 1810 is now accepted as Erronea adusta.[2]

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References
  1. Erronea onyx (Linnaeus). WoRMS (2009). Erronea onyx (Linnaeus). Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=216860 on 21 October 2010 .
  2. Erronea onyx adusta (Lamarck, 1810). MolluscaBase (2018). Erronea onyx adusta (Lamarck, 1810). Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=2223986 on 21 June 2018 .
  • Verdcourt, B. (1954). The cowries of the East African Coast (Kenya, Tanganyika, Zanzibar and Pemba). Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society 22(4) 96: 129-144, 17 pls.
  • Burgess, C.M. (1970). The Living Cowries. AS Barnes and Co, Ltd. Cranbury, New Jersey
  • "Erronea onyx". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  • WoRMS
  • Flmnh
  • Clade
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