Elemental chlorine free
Elemental chlorine free (ECF) is a technique that uses chlorine dioxide for the bleaching of wood pulp. It does not use elemental chlorine gas during the bleaching process and prevents the formation of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, carcinogens. The traditional ECF sequence is DEopDEpD[1]:14 using the common letter symbols for bleaching stages,[2] though many improved sequences are available.[1]:15
Totally chlorine free (TCF) is paper that does not use any chlorine compounds for wood pulp bleaching.
See also
- Environmental issues with paper
References
- Different Bleaching Configurations (PDF), National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, 2009
- "PaperOnWeb description of bleaching sequences". Retrieved 2007-09-17.
External links
- Alliance for Environmental Technology - ECF: The Sustainable Technology
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