Electric Ladyland

Electric Ladyland is the third and final studio album by the Jimi Hendrix Experience and the final studio album released in Hendrix's lifetime before his death in 1970. Released by Reprise Records in North America and Track Records in the UK in October 1968, the double album was the only record from the band produced by Hendrix. By mid-November, it had charted at number one in the US, where it spent two weeks at the top spot. Electric Ladyland was the Experience's most commercially successful release and their only number one album. It peaked at number six in the UK, where it spent 12 weeks on the chart.

Electric Ladyland
North American Reprise cover
Studio album by
ReleasedOctober 16, 1968
Recorded
  • July & December 1967
  • January & April–August 1968
Studio
Genre
Length73:56
LabelReprise
Producer
Jimi Hendrix US album chronology
Axis: Bold as Love
(1967)
Electric Ladyland
(1968)
Smash Hits
(1969)
Jimi Hendrix UK album chronology
Smash Hits
(1968)
Electric Ladyland
(1968)
Band of Gypsys
(1970)
Singles from Electric Ladyland
  1. "All Along the Watchtower"
    Released: 1968[nb 1]
  2. "Crosstown Traffic"
    Released: 1968 (US), 1969 (UK)[nb 2]

Electric Ladyland included a cover of the Bob Dylan song "All Along the Watchtower", which became the Experience's best-selling single, peaking at number six in the UK and 20 in the US. Although the album confounded critics in 1968, it has since been viewed as Hendrix's best work and one of the greatest rock records of all time. Electric Ladyland has been featured on many greatest-album lists, including Q magazine's 2003 list of the 100 greatest albums and Rolling Stone's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time, on which it was ranked 55th.

Recording and production

The Experience began recording Electric Ladyland at several studios in the US and UK between July 1967 and January 1968.[3] Recording resumed on April 18, 1968, at the newly opened Record Plant Studios in New York City, with Chas Chandler as producer and engineers Eddie Kramer and Gary Kellgren.[4]

Hendrix was famous for his studio perfectionism; he and drummer Mitch Mitchell recorded over 50 takes of "Gypsy Eyes" over three sessions.[5] Hendrix was insecure about his voice and often recorded his vocals hidden behind studio screens. He sang backing vocals himself on the title track and on "Long Hot Summer Night".[6] As recording progressed, Chandler became frustrated with Hendrix's perfectionism and his demands for repeated takes.[7]

Hendrix allowed friends and guests to join them in the studio, which contributed to a chaotic and crowded environment in the control room and led Chandler to sever his professional relationship with Hendrix.[7] Bassist Noel Redding recalled: "There were tons of people in the studio; you couldn't move. It was a party, not a session."[8]

Redding, who had formed his own band in mid-1968, Fat Mattress, found it increasingly difficult to fulfill his commitments with the Experience, so Hendrix played many of the bass parts.[7] The album's cover states that it was "produced and directed by Jimi Hendrix".[7] The double LP was the only Experience album mixed entirely in stereo.[9]

Hendrix experimented with other combinations of musicians, including Jefferson Airplane's Jack Casady and Traffic's Steve Winwood, who played bass and organ on the fifteen-minute slow-blues jam "Voodoo Chile".[7] Hendrix appeared at an impromptu jam with B.B. King, Al Kooper, and Elvin Bishop.[10][nb 3]

Music

According to music journalist David Stubbs, Electric Ladyland is "undoubtedly a rock album, albeit rock on the point of evolving into something else."[12] Uncut magazine's John Robinson said that its music reconciles the psychedelic pop of Hendrix's earlier recordings with the aggressive funk he would explore on his 1970 album Band of Gypsys.[13] During its recording, Kramer experimented with innovative studio techniques such as backmasking, chorus effect, echo, and flanging, which AllMusic's Cub Koda said recontextualized Hendrix's psychedelic and funk sounds on the album.[14]

Electric Ladyland is a cross-section of Hendrix's wide range of musical talent. It includes examples of several genres and styles of music: the psychedelic "Burning of the Midnight Lamp", a UK single the previous summer (1967), the extended blues jam "Voodoo Chile", the New Orleans-style R&B of Earl King's "Come On", the epic studio production of "1983... (A Merman I Should Turn to Be)", the social commentary of "House Burning Down", and the Sixties-era Britpop of Noel Redding's "Little Miss Strange". The album also features an electric reworking of the Bob Dylan classic "All Along the Watchtower", which has been well-received by critics as well as by Dylan himself,[15] and also "Voodoo Child (Slight Return)", a staple of both radio and guitar repertoire. Rolling Stone's Holly George-Warren praised "Crosstown Traffic" for its hard rock guitar riff.[16]

"All Along the Watchtower" became the band's highest-selling single and their only US top 40 hit, peaking at number 20; it reached number five in the UK.[17] The album also included one of Hendrix's most prominent uses of a wah-wah pedal, on "Burning of the Midnight Lamp", which reached number 18 in the UK charts.[18]

Cover

The outer record sleeve UK cover by the photographer David Montgomery and later Polydor reissue distributed in Europe

Hendrix had written to Reprise describing what he wanted for the cover art, but was mostly ignored. He expressly asked for a color photo by Linda Eastman (later known as Linda McCartney) of the group sitting with children on a sculpture from Alice in Wonderland in Central Park, and drew a picture of it for reference.[19] The company instead used a blurred red and yellow photo of his head while performing at Saville Theatre, taken by Karl Ferris.[20]

The front cover sleeve by Alain Dister for Barclay release

Track Records used its art department, which produced a cover image by photographer David Montgomery, who also shot the inside cover portrait of Hendrix, depicting nineteen nude women lounging in front of a black background.[21] Hendrix expressed initial displeasure and surprise with this "naked lady" cover (but later told Rolling Stone Magazine that he "dug it anyway"),[22] much as he was displeased with the Axis: Bold as Love cover, which he found disrespectful.[23] The cover was banned by several record dealers as "pornographic", while others sold it with the gatefold cover turned inside out, or in a brown wrapper.[24]

In France and the Benelux countries, Hendrix's albums were released by Barclay Records,[25] and Electric Ladyland featured a front cover photograph by Alain Dister,[26] and inner sleeve photographs by Jean-Pierre Leloir and Donald Silverstein.[27]

Release and reception

Electric Ladyland was released in the US on October 16, 1968.[28] It was a "hit psychedelic album", Richie Unterberger later wrote,[29] and by mid-November, it had reached number one in the US, spending two weeks atop the pop charts.[30] The double LP was the Experience's most commercially successful release and Hendrix's only number-one album.[31] In the UK, it peaked at number six and charted for 12 weeks.[32]

Electric Ladyland confounded contemporary critics; reviewers praised some of its songs but felt the album lacked structure and sounded too dense.[33] Melody Maker called it "mixed-up and muddled", with the exception of "All Along the Watchtower", which the magazine called a masterpiece.[33] Reviewing for Rolling Stone in 1968, Tony Glover said Hendrix's original songs sometimes sound unstructured and was somewhat disappointed by the "heavy handed guitar" on "1983... (A Merman I Should Turn to Be)" and the science-fiction conclusion to "House Burning Down". Ultimately, Glover appreciated the "energy flow" unifying the songs and described Hendrix as "amazing", adding that Electric Ladyland serves as "an extended look into Hendrix’s head, and mostly it seems to have some pretty good things in it (who among us is totally free of mental garbage?)".[34] Robert Christgau was more enthusiastic in Stereo Review, regarding it as an explosive showcase of rock's "most important recent innovation"—the "heavy" guitar aesthetic—and "an integrated work-in-itself in more ways than one". He found the production exceptional—"the best job of stereo for its own sake I know"—and was surprisingly impressed by the quality of the lyrics. While most guitarists in rock believed improvisation to be a straightforward endeavor, Christgau said "Hendrix achieves unique effects, effects you'll never get from Kenny Burrell", citing "Voodoo Chile" as an example.[35] He later named Electric Ladyland the fifth-best album of 1968 in his ballot for Jazz & Pop magazine's critics poll.[36]

Reappraisal

Retrospective professional reviews
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[14]
Blender[37]
Down Beat[38]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music[39]
The Great Rock Discography10/10[40]
PopMatters10/10[41]
Q[42]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide[43]
Tom Hull – on the WebA[44]
Uncut[13]

Over time, Electric Ladyland's critical standing improved significantly, with author and musicologist John Perry describing it as "one of the greatest double-albums in Rock."[45] According to author Michael Heatley, "most critics agree" that the album was "the fullest realization of Jimi's far-reaching ambitions"; Guitar World editor Noe Goldwasser called it his greatest work.[46] The record was also deemed an essential hard rock album in Tom Larson's 2004 book History of Rock and Roll,[47] and Clash reviewer Robin Murray viewed it as a "true classic of the psychedelic rock era".[48] In a retrospective review for Blender, Christgau wrote that it was the definitive work of psychedelic music,[37] describing the record as "an aural utopia that accommodates both ingrained conflict and sweet, vague spiritual yearnings, held together by a master musician".[49] In Charlotte Greig's opinion, much like Are You Experienced, Electric Ladyland was "groundbreaking, introducing audiences to a style of psychedelic rock rooted in the blues".[50]

Electric Ladyland has been featured on many greatest album lists, including a number 10 ranking on Classic Rock magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Rock Albums Ever,[51] and number 37 on The Times' 100 Best Albums of All Time.[52] Music journalist and author Peter Doggett argued that it is very likely the greatest rock album of all time because of its exceptional concept, artful melodies, experimentation, and skilled musicianship, which he felt remains unparalleled by any other rock artist.[53] The album was included in "A Basic Record Library" of 1950s and 1960s recordings, published in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981).[54] In 2000, it was voted number 32 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums.[55] In 2003, Q magazine named Electric Ladyland as one of the 100 greatest albums,[56] while Rolling Stone ranked it 54th in its "500 Greatest Albums of All Time" publication,[57] and 55th in a 2012 revised list.[58]

Track listing

The original US Reprise and UK Track albums did not list running times for the songs.[59][60] Track lengths are taken from the 1968 International Polydor Production album.[61] All songs written by Jimi Hendrix, except where noted.

Side one
No.TitleLength
1."...And the Gods Made Love"1:19
2."Have You Ever Been (To Electric Ladyland)" ("Electric Ladyland" on UK edition gatefold)2:08
3."Crosstown Traffic" ("Cross Town Traffic" on UK edition label)2:25
4."Voodoo Chile"14:50
Side two
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Little Miss Strange"Noel Redding2:47
2."Long Hot Summer Night" 3:21
3."Come On (Part 1)" ("Come On" on UK edition)Earl King4:04
4."Gypsy Eyes" ("Gipsy Eyes" on UK edition) 3:38
5."Burning of the Midnight Lamp" 3:33
Side three
No.TitleLength
1."Rainy Day, Dream Away"3:39
2."1983... (A Merman I Should Turn to Be)"13:25
3."Moon, Turn the Tides....Gently Gently Away"0:58
Side four
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Still Raining, Still Dreaming" 4:19
2."House Burning Down" 4:26
3."All Along the Watchtower"Bob Dylan3:54
4."Voodoo Child (Slight Return)" ("Voodoo Chile (Slight Return)" on UK edition) 5:06
Total length:73:56

Notes

As was common with multi-LP albums, sides one and four were pressed back to back on the same platter, likewise sides two and three. This was called auto-coupling or automatic sequence and was intended to make it easier to play through the entire album in sequence on automatic record-changers. In this case it has led to some CD releases of Electric Ladyland that have the sides in the incorrect one-four-two-three order.

A new 50th anniversary edition was released on November 28, 2018. It features Hendrix's originally intended cover, and is available as a box-set with either a Blu-ray disc and 3-CDs or a Blu-ray disc and 6-LPs. The Blu-ray includes a 5.1 surround mix by Eddie Kramer and a high resolution version of the album remaster.[62] The 5.1 surround mix received its public world premiere at a listening session in the dark hosted by Pitchblack Playback in London on Tuesday November 6, 2018.[63] The remastering was done by Bernie Grundman from the original master tapes. The box set also features early takes, demos and live concert from September 14, 1968, at the Hollywood Bowl plus a 1997 documentary "At Last...The Beginning: The Making of Electric Ladyland" featuring Chas Chandler, Mitch Mitchell, Noel Redding and Eddie Kramer.

Personnel

Credits taken from the 1993 MCA compact disc liner notes.

The Jimi Hendrix Experience

  • Jimi Hendrix – vocals, guitars, piano, percussion, electric harpsichord; bass guitar on "Have You Ever Been (To Electric Ladyland)," "Long Hot Summer Night," "Gypsy Eyes," "1983," "House Burning Down," and "All Along the Watchtower"; comb and tissue paper on "Crosstown Traffic"
  • Noel Redding – backing vocals, bass guitar on "Crosstown Traffic," "Little Miss Strange," "Come On," "Burning of the Midnight Lamp," and "Voodoo Child (Slight Return)"; acoustic guitar and lead vocals on "Little Miss Strange"
  • Mitch Mitchell – backing vocals, drums, percussion all tracks except "Rainy Day, Dream Away" and "Still Raining, Still Dreaming"; lead vocals on "Little Miss Strange"

Additional musicians

  • Chris Wood – flute on "1983... (A Merman I Should Turn to Be)"
  • Freddie Smith – tenor saxophone on "Rainy Day, Dream Away" and "Still Raining, Still Dreaming"
  • Steve Winwood – Hammond organ on "Voodoo Chile"
  • Mike Finnigan – organ on "Rainy Day, Dream Away" and "Still Raining, Still Dreaming"
  • Al Kooper – piano on "Long Hot Summer Night"
  • Dave Mason – twelve-string guitar, backing vocals on "Crosstown Traffic" and "All Along the Watchtower"
  • Jack Casady – bass guitar on "Voodoo Chile"
  • Buddy Miles – drums on "Rainy Day, Dream Away" and "Still Raining, Still Dreaming"
  • Larry Faucette – congas on "Rainy Day, Dream Away" and "Still Raining, Still Dreaming"
  • Brian Jones – percussion on "All Along the Watchtower"
  • The Sweet Inspirations – backing vocals on "Burning of the Midnight Lamp"

Production

Digital remastering

  • Lee Herschberg – initial compact disc release
  • Joe Gastwirt – 1989 compact disc release
  • Eddie Kramer, George Marino – 1997 compact disc release
  • Bernie Grundman, Scott Sedilo – 2018 anniversary compact disc release

Charts

Chart Peak
position
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)[64] 85
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)[65] 75
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)[66] 75
French Albums (SNEP)[67] 96
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[68] 12
Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)[69] 13
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)[70] 58
UK Albums (OCC)[71] 6
US Billboard 200[72] 1
US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard)[73] 5

Certifications

Region CertificationCertified units/sales
France (SNEP)[74] Gold 269,375[75]
United Kingdom (BPI)[76] Gold 100,000^
United States (RIAA)[77] 2× Platinum 2,000,000^

*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone

Notes

  1. US single released on September 2, 1968: "All Along the Watchtower" with B-side "Burning of the Midnight Lamp";[1] UK single released on October 18, 1968 with B-side "Long Hot Summer Night"[2]
  2. US single released on November 18, 1968: "Crosstown Traffic" with B-side "Gypsy Eyes"; UK single released on April 4, 1969, with slightly different titles: "Cross Town Traffic" with B-side "Gipsy Eyes"
  3. In March 1968, Jim Morrison of the Doors joined Hendrix onstage at the Scene Club in New York.[11]

Citations

  1. Shapiro & Glebbeek 1990, p. 531.
  2. Shapiro & Glebbeek 1990, p. 534.
  3. McDermott 2009, pp. 55, 82, 87.
  4. Heatley 2009, pp. 102–103: Recording began with Chandler and Kramer; McDermott 2009, pp. 95–97: Kellgren.
  5. McDermott et al., Ultimate Hendrix, pp. 98–100.
  6. Electric Ladyland, MCAD 10895, 1993, liner notes.
  7. Heatley 2009, p. 102.
  8. Shadwick 2003, p. 157.
  9. Heatley 2009, p. 103.
  10. Shadwick 2003, p. 146.
  11. Black 1999, p. 137.
  12. Stubbs 2003, p. 60.
  13. Robinson, John. "Album review: The Jimi Hendrix Experience – Electric Ladyland". Uncut. London. Archived from the original on December 1, 2011. Retrieved March 23, 2014.
  14. Koda, Cub. "Electric Ladyland – Jimi Hendrix". AllMusic. Retrieved March 24, 2014.
  15. Dimery, Robert. 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die, ISBN 0-7893-1371-5, p.136
  16. George-Warren 2001, p. 428.
  17. Heatley 2009, p. 102: "All Along the Watchtower" was Hendrix's only US top 40 hit single; :Murray 1989, p. 51 "All Along the Watchtower" was Hendrix's highest-selling single; Roberts 2005, p. 232: peak UK chart position for Hendrix's cover of "All Along the Watchtower"; Whitburn 2010, p. 294: peak US chart position for Hendrix's cover of "All Along the Watchtower".
  18. Roberts 2005, p. 232: peak UK chart position for "Burning of the Midnight Lamp"; Shadwick 2003, p. 118: "Burning of the Midnight Lamp" was Hendrix's first recorded song to feature the use of a wah-wah pedal.
  19. Electric Ladyland. Experience Hendrix/MCA 11600, 1997, liner notes.
  20. "Jimi Hendrix, Electric Ladyland by Karl Ferris". San Francisco Art Exchange. Retrieved February 10, 2014.
  21. Electric Ladyland. Track Records 613 010, 1968, cover photo.
  22. Epstein, Dan (2018). Jimi Hendrix’s ‘Electric Ladyland’: 10 Things You Didn’t Know. Rolling Stone Magazine
  23. Unterberger, Richie (2009). The Rough Guide to Jimi Hendrix. Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-84836-002-0. pp.146–147
  24. Moskowitz, David (2010). The Words and Music of Jimi Hendrix. ISBN 978-0-313-37592-7. pp.41–42
  25. McDermott & Kramer 1992, pp. 48, 304.
  26. Dister 1995, p. 57.
  27. Electric Ladyland (Media notes). 920 060/061. France: Barclay Records. 1968. (Liner notes). Cover Picture : Alain Dister / Inside picture : Jean-Pierre Leloir / Photographs of Mitch Mitchell and Noel Redding : Donald Silverstein
  28. McDermott 2009, p. 117.
  29. Jacqueline Edmondson Ph.D. (ed.) Music in American Life: An Encyclopedia of the Songs, Styles, Stars, and Stories that Shaped our Culture. ABC-CLIO, 2013. p. 548.
  30. McDermott 2009, pp. 126–127; Rosen 1996, p. 108: peak chart position.
  31. Murray 1989, p. 51.
  32. Roberts 2005, p. 232.
  33. Perry 2004.
  34. Glover, Tony (November 1968). "Electric Ladyland". Rolling Stone. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
  35. Christgau, Robert (March 1969). "A Short and Happy History of Rock". Stereo Review. Retrieved September 15, 2018.
  36. Christgau, Robert (1969). "Robert Christgau's 1969 Jazz & Pop Ballot". Jazz & Pop. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
  37. Christgau, Robert (December 2005). "Back Catalogue: Jimi Hendrix". Blender. New York. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
  38. "Review: Electric Ladyland". Down Beat. Chicago: 61. August 1997. Retrieved March 23, 2014.
  39. Larkin 2006, p. 249.
  40. "Electric Ladyland". Acclaimed Music. Archived from the original on October 29, 2016. Retrieved December 26, 2016.
  41. Murphy, Sean (March 11, 2010). "God Is Not Dead: The Jimi Hendrix Re-Issues". PopMatters. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved August 9, 2015.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  42. "Review: Electric Ladyland". Q. London: 136. December 1993. Retrieved March 23, 2014.
  43. Evans & Brackett 2004, pp. 374–75.
  44. Hull, Tom (n.d.). "Grade List: Jimi Hendrix". Tom Hull – on the Web. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
  45. Perry 2004, p. 125.
  46. Heatley 2009, p. 102; Whitehill 1989, p. 5
  47. Larson 2004, p. 152.
  48. Murray, Robin (May 15, 2014). "Classic Album Sundays Toast Jimi Hendrix". Clash. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
  49. Christgau 1998, p. 98.
  50. Greig, Charlotte (1999). Icons of Black Music. Thunder Bay Press. p. 69. ISBN 1571451897.
  51. "Rocklist.net...Steve Parker...Classic Rock Lists". Rocklistmusic.co.uk. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
  52. "Rocklist.net...The Times All Time Top 100 Albums – 1993". Rocklistmusic.co.uk. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
  53. Doggett 2004, p. 19.
  54. Christgau, Robert (1981). "A Basic Record Library: The Fifties and Sixties". Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies. Ticknor & Fields. ISBN 0899190251. Retrieved March 16, 2019 via robertchristgau.com.
  55. Colin Larkin (2000). All Time Top 1000 Albums (3rd ed.). Virgin Books. p. 49. ISBN 0-7535-0493-6.
  56. "100 Greatest Albums Ever". Q. London: 64. January 2003.
  57. "500 Greatest Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone. New York: 112. December 11, 2003.
  58. "500 Greatest Albums of All Time Rolling Stone's definitive list of the 500 greatest albums of all time". Rolling Stone. 2012. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
  59. Electric Ladyland (Album notes). Jimi Hendrix Experience. Burbank, California: Reprise Records. 1968. LP Sides 1–4 labels. 2RS 6307.CS1 maint: others (link) CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  60. Electric Ladyland (Album notes). Jimi Hendrix Experience. Great Britain: Track Records. 1968. LP Sides 1–4 labels. 613008/9.CS1 maint: others (link) CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  61. Electric Ladyland (Album notes). Jimi Hendrix Experience. Australia: Polydor Records. 1968. LP Sides 1–4 labels. 613008/9.CS1 maint: others (link) CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  62. Sinclair, Paul (September 13, 2018). "Jimi Hendrix / Electric Ladyland 50th Anniversary Super Deluxe Edition". Super Deluxe Edition. Retrieved October 16, 2018.
  63. "Electric Ladyland surround sound premiere". Twitter. October 16, 2018. Retrieved October 16, 2018.
  64. "Ultratop.be – Jimi Hendrix Experience – Electric Ladyland" (in Dutch). Hung Medien.
  65. "Ultratop.be – Jimi Hendrix Experience – Electric Ladyland" (in French). Hung Medien.
  66. "Dutchcharts.nl – Jimi Hendrix Experience – Electric Ladyland" (in Dutch). Hung Medien.
  67. "Lescharts.com – Jimi Hendrix Experience – Electric Ladyland". Hung Medien.
  68. "Longplay-Chartverfolgung at Musicline" (in German). Musicline.de. Phononet GmbH.
  69. "Norwegiancharts.com – Jimi Hendrix Experience – Electric Ladyland". Hung Medien.
  70. "Swedishcharts.com – Jimi Hendrix Experience – Electric Ladyland". Hung Medien.
  71. "Jimi Hendrix Experience | Artist | Official Charts". UK Albums Chart.
  72. "The Jimi Hendrix Experience Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard.
  73. "The Jimi Hendrix Experience Chart History (Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums)". Billboard.
  74. "French album certifications – Jimi Hendrix – Electric Ladyland" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique.
  75. "Les Albums Or". infodisc.fr. SNEP. Archived from the original on October 18, 2011. Retrieved August 31, 2011.
  76. "British album certifications – Jimi Hendrix Experience – Electric Ladyland". British Phonographic Industry. Select albums in the Format field. Select Gold in the Certification field. Type Electric Ladyland in the "Search BPI Awards" field and then press Enter.
  77. "American album certifications – Jimi Hendrix – Electric Ladyland". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Album, then click SEARCH. 

Sources

Further reading

gollark: They have not, in fact, made something 50 times more powerful than all competitors.
gollark: "Metal score" sounds like they're using Metal, i.e. the *GPU* abstraction layer on macOS.
gollark: Ah, it says here that many of Apple's people got hired by "Nuvia" which then got acquired by Qualcomm somehow.
gollark: The A15 apparently uses basically identical cores to its predecessor.
gollark: Apparently Apple's CPU team mostly got hired away recently, so they might not be as good in the future.
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