Dorothy V. M. Bishop

Dorothy Vera Margaret Bishop FRS FBA FMedSci (born 14 February 1952)[1] is a British psychologist specialising in developmental disorders[6] specifically, developmental language impairments. She is Professor of Developmental Neuropsychology and Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow in the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Oxford, where she has been since 1998. Bishop is Principal Investigator for the Oxford Study of Children's Communication Impairments (OSCCI). She is a supernumary fellow of St John's College, Oxford.

Dorothy Bishop

FRS FBA FMedSci
Dorothy Bishop at the Royal Society admissions day in London, July 2014
Born
Dorothy Vera Margaret Bishop

(1952-02-14) 14 February 1952
Other namesDeevy Bishop
Alma mater
Spouse(s)
(
m. 1976)
[1][2]
Awards
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions
ThesisComprehension of Grammar Normal and Abnormal Development (1977)
Doctoral advisorFreda Newcombe
Websitedeevybee.blogspot.co.uk
www.psy.ox.ac.uk/team/dorothy-bishop

Early life and education

Bishop was born on 14 February 1952.[1] In 1973, she earned a Bachelor of Arts degree with Honours in Experimental Psychology from the University of Oxford.[7] In 1975, she completed work on her Master of Philosophy degree in Clinical Psychology from the University of London.[7] In 1978, Bishop completed her Doctor of Philosophy from University of Oxford.[8][7]

While studying for her undergraduate degree, Bishop generated an interest in cognitive disorders.[7] Because she enjoyed neuropsychology, she returned to Oxford beneath her mentor Freda Newcombe[8] to work at a Neuropsychology Unit in the Radcliffe Infirmary.[7] The careful direction provided by Newcombe steered Bishop towards cases of children with developmental language disorders.[7] This direction launched her career as a developmental neuropsychologist.

Research and career

Bishop conducts research into Psychology, Neuroscience, Language and Developmental disorders.[4][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] She is one of the co-founders of the video-led campaign, RALLI, which aims to develop awareness of language learning impairments including Specific language impairment.[16]

Bishop has published some of her academic work as D.V.M. Bishop. This is to avoid any prejudices that may be held against her as a female academic.[3] Her publications include Language development in exceptional circumstances (1988),[17] Handedness and developmental disorders (1990),[18] and Uncommon understanding (1997).[19][20]

Bishop's research is extensive as she helped to build and develop the developmental language impairment field.

Dorothy Bishop, occasionally published as DVM Bishop, is Professor of Developmental Neuropsychology at the University of Oxford.[21] Bishop, funded by the Wellcome Trust, leads a series of research of children's communication disorders.[7] Unlike many of her contemporaries, Bishop's interests are wide spread, deviating from neuropsychology, towards behavior genetics, auditory processing, hemispheric specialization, specific language disorders, autism, and dyslexia.[7]

Many of today's assessment methods for children's language were generated by Bishop including the Test for Reception of Grammar and the Children's Communication Checklist.[7] Her research has been funded by the Medical Research Council (MRC)[22] and the Wellcome Trust.[7]

Children's Communication Checklist

In 1998, Bishop created what she called the Children's Communication Checklist (CCC).[23] The goal of the CCC was to help diagnose children who did not have an apparent reason for communication errors. The CCC specifically looked to identify pragmatic language and specific language impairments. The CCC allowed Bishop and other researchers to reliably identify language impairments but give clues to other potential disorders which may not have been apparent such as high functioning autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or Williams syndrome.[24] A second, updated, edition of the CCC was released in 2001.

Bishop has done significant groundbreaking work on Specific Language Impairment and Pragmatic Language Impairment. She is often an unsung hero in her research and contribution as she often pairs with other scholars in her various studies.

Bishop's inquiry and interest in language impairments continues as she tries to understand children's developmental language issues.

CATALISE

When Bishop began her studies of cognitive disorders, research to language development was relatively limited. Though more research has been conducted, there is not a cohesive framework of research for specialists to rely on when assessing and diagnosing children with language disorders. In 2016, Bishop began a multiple part Delphi project. In this particular project, Bishop is attempting to define a set criteria for identifying children who may need intervention through a multinational and multidiscipline study.[25] In the first phase of this study, 59 experts of various fields such as education, speech-language therapy, and pediatrics from different countries such New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and United States of America participated in this study to provide a range of expertise and experience.[25] The researchers submitted findings to a panel who agreed with an 80% consensus.[25] In phase two of this project, similar parameters were followed to determine what terminology should be accepted in studies and treatment.[25]

RALLI

Because of her intense study of children's language impairments, Bishop co-founded RALLI. RALLI is an advocacy group with an intent to Raise Awareness of Learning Language Impairments.[26] An underfunded group, their blog turned webpage provide an extensive series of information from videos to articles about Language Learning Impairments and where parents, teachers, and children can find help.[26] Bishop and her fellow researchers have a YouTube channel for RALLI which details what language impairments are, how often they occur, and when to find help.[26] The blog has not been updated since 2013.

Awards and honours

Bishop was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2014 for “substantial contributions to the improvement of natural knowledge”. Her nomination reads:[6]

Dorothy Bishop is the leading researcher on developmental disorders affecting language and communication. Her work has been foundational for the genetics of developmental disorders: she has been a pioneer in the use of twin data to reveal genetic contributions to language disorders, using theoretically motivated measures to refine the heritable phenotype. She has devised measures that differentiate types of language impairment and are now indispensable for both research and clinical diagnosis. By comparing and contrasting dyslexia, specific language impairment and autism, Bishop has challenged views of these as discrete conditions, and illuminated what is shared and distinctive about each disorder.

Bishop is also a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA) and a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci).[27] She has honorary degrees from Lund University, the University of Western Australia and the University of Newcastle upon Tyne.[28]

Personal life

Bishop married Patrick Rabbitt in 1976.[1][2] As "Deevy Bishop", Bishop has written several humorous crime novels for the Amazon Kindle.[29]

Bishop is an avid blogger which demonstrates her interests beyond language impairments.[30] The blog received the runner up recognition for the Good Thinking Society: UK Science Blog Prize 2012.[31]

gollark: Yes.
gollark: Nowadays I think that's going to be flash.
gollark: We have lots of compute too, but cryptocurrency, *by design*, expands to fill the available computing resources.
gollark: Wrong.
gollark: Well, no coin is actually something "anyone can mine" because something something economies of scale.

References
  1. Anon (2014). "Bishop, Prof. Dorothy Vera Margaret". Who's Who. ukwhoswho.com (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U7646. (subscription or UK public library membership required) (subscription required)
  2. Anon (2014). "Rabbitt, Prof. Patrick Michael Anthony". Who's Who. ukwhoswho.com (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U31732. (subscription or UK public library membership required) (subscription required)
  3. Anon (2014). "Citation for the Degree of Doctor of Science Awarded to Professor Dorothy Bishop" (PDF). Newcastle University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 7 May 2014.
  4. Dorothy V. M. Bishop publications indexed by Google Scholar
  5. Bishop, D. V. M.; Adams, C. (1990). "A Prospective Study of the Relationship between Specific Language Impairment, Phonological Disorders and Reading Retardation". Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 31 (7): 1027–50. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1990.tb00844.x. PMID 2289942.
  6. Anon (2014). "Professor Dorothy Bishop FMedSci FRS". Royal Society. Retrieved 7 May 2014. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where:
    “All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.” --Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies at the Wayback Machine (archived 2016-11-11)
  7. Dorothy Bishop's ORCID 0000-0002-2448-4033
  8. Bishop, Dorothy Vera Margaret (1977). Comprehension of grammar : normal and abnormal development. ora.ox.ac.uk (DPhil thesis). University of Oxford. OCLC 500385325. EThOS uk.bl.ethos.449910.
  9. Dorothy V. M. Bishop publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database. (subscription required)
  10. Bishop, D. V. M.; North, T.; Donlan, C. (1996). "Nonword Repetition as a Behavioural Marker for Inherited Language Impairment: Evidence from a Twin Study". Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 37 (4): 391–403. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01420.x. PMID 8735439.
  11. Stothard, S. E.; Snowling, M. J.; Bishop, D. V.; Chipchase, B. B.; Kaplan, C. A. (1998). "Language-impaired preschoolers: A follow-up into adolescence". Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. 41 (2): 407–18. doi:10.1044/jslhr.4102.407. PMID 9570592.
  12. Skuse, D. H.; James, R. S.; Bishop, D. V. M.; Coppin, B.; Dalton, P.; Aamodt-Leeper, G.; Bacarese-Hamilton, M.; Creswell, C.; McGurk, R.; Jacobs, P. A. (1997). "Evidence from Turner's syndrome of an imprinted X-linked locus affecting cognitive function". Nature. 387 (6634): 705–8. doi:10.1038/42706. PMID 9192895.
  13. Bishop, D. V. (1997). "Language impairment. Listening out for subtle deficits". Nature. 387 (6629): 129–30. doi:10.1038/387129a0. PMID 9144277.
  14. Bishop, D. V. M.; Snowling, M. J. (2004). "Developmental Dyslexia and Specific Language Impairment: Same or Different?". Psychological Bulletin. 130 (6): 858–86. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.6.858. PMID 15535741.
  15. Bishop, D. V.; Edmundson, A (1987). "Language-impaired 4-year-olds: Distinguishing transient from persistent impairment". The Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders. 52 (2): 156–73. doi:10.1044/jshd.5202.156. PMID 3573746.
  16. "RALLI Campaign". bdadyslexia.org.uk. The British Dyslexia Association. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
  17. Bishop, D. V. M. (1988). Language development in exceptional circumstances. Edinburgh New York: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0863773082.
  18. Bishop, D. V. M. (1990). Handedness and developmental disorder. Oxford Philadelphia: Mac Keith Press Blackwell Scientific Publications Lippincott. ISBN 978-0521411950.
  19. "BISHOP, Professor Dorothy, FRS, FMedSci". British Academy Fellows. British Academy. Archived from the original on 7 May 2014. Retrieved 7 May 2014.
  20. Bishop, D. V. M. (1997). Uncommon understanding : development and disorders of language comprehension in children. Hove, East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0863775017.
  21. "Dorothy Bishop — PSY". www.psy.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 21 April 2017.
  22. Anon (2017). "UK Government grants awarded to Dorothy Bishop". rcuk.ac.uk. Swindon: Research Councils UK. Archived from the original on 20 November 2017.
  23. Bishop, Dorothy VM (1998). "Development of the children's communication checklist (ccc): a method for assessing qualitative aspects of communicative impairment in children". The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines. 39 (6): 879–891. doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00388. PMID 9758196.
  24. Chuthapisith, Jariya; Taycharpipranai, Pasinee; Roongpraiwan, Rawiwan; Ruangdaraganon, Nichara (1 February 2014). "Translation and validation of the Children's Communication Checklist to evaluate pragmatic language impairment in Thai children". Pediatrics International. 56 (1): 31–34. doi:10.1111/ped.12216. ISSN 1442-200X. PMID 24003938.
  25. Bishop, D. V. M.; Snowling, Margaret J.; Thompson, Paul A.; Greenhalgh, Trisha; Consortium, Catalise (2016). "CATALISE: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Delphi Consensus Study. Identifying Language Impairments in Children". PLOS ONE. 11 (7): e0158753. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158753. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4938414. PMID 27392128.
  26. "RALLI index". ralliindex.blogspot.com. Retrieved 21 April 2017.
  27. "Professor Dorothy Bishop". The British Academy. Retrieved 19 October 2018.
  28. "226: Dr. Dorothy Bishop: Speaking Up About Developmental Language Impairments in Children". People Behind the Science. 2 March 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2018.
  29. "Annual Report 2014" (PDF). British Psychological Society. p. 22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 October 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
  30. "BishopBlog". deevybee.blogspot.com. Retrieved 21 April 2017.
  31. "UK Science Blog Prize 2012 Results". Good Thinking Society. 27 November 2012. Retrieved 19 October 2018.

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