Dipodium roseum

Dipodium roseum, commonly known as rosy hyacinth-orchid[3] or pink hyacinth-orchid,[4] is a leafless saprophytic orchid found in east and south-eastern Australia. In summer it produces a tall flowering stem with up to fifty pale pink flowers with small, dark red spots. A widespread and common species it is often confused with D. punctatum but has darker, less heavily spotted flowers.

Rosy hyacinth orchid
Dipodium roseum in Great Otway National Park
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Dipodium
Species:
D. roseum
Binomial name
Dipodium roseum

Description

Dipodium roseum is a leafless, tuberous, perennial, mycoheterotrophic herb. Between fifteen and fifty pale pink flowers with small dark red spots and 20–30 mm (0.8–1 in) wide are borne on a green to dark reddish black flowering stem 40–100 cm (20–40 in) tall. The sepals and petals are linear to elliptic, 13–20 mm (0.5–0.8 in) long, 3–6 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide and free from each other with their tips curved backwards. The labellum is pink with dark lines, 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long, 4–6.5 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide and has three lobes with their tips turned upwards. The centre lobe has a broad band of pink to mauve hairs. A rare white-flowering form also exists. Flowering occurs from November to February.[3][5][6][7]

This orchid is often confused with D. punctatum but has a broader band of labellum hairs, smaller dark red spots and more recurved sepals and petals.[6]

Taxonomy and naming

Dipodium roseum was first formally described in 1991 by David Jones and Mark Clements and the description was published in Australian Orchid Research. The type specimen was collected in Montrose in Victoria's Dandenong Ranges.[1][8] The specific epithet (roseum) is a Latin word meaning "rose-coloured",[9] referring to the colour of the flowers of this orchid.[8] The species was previously included in a wider circumscription of Dipodium punctatum.[1][6]

Distribution and habitat

The rosy hyacinth orchid grows in a range of habitats from dry woodland to wet forests. It occurs in Queensland south from Gympie, on the coast and ranges of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and in most of Australia where it is the most common Dipodium. It is also found in the south-east of South Australia and is the only member of the genus to occur in Tasmania.[3][5][6][10]

Ecology

Pollination of this species, as for all species in the genus, is by native bees and wasps.[3]:270

Cultivation

No leafless species of Dipodium has been sustained in cultivation due to the inability to replicate its association with mycorrhizal fungi in a horticultural context.[3]:270

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References
  1. "Dipodium roseum". APNI. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  2. "Dipodium roseum M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones". The Plant List version 1.1. Retrieved 24 January 2014.
  3. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. pp. 272–273. ISBN 1877069124.
  4. Bishop, Tony (2000). Field guide to the orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (2nd ed.). Sydney: UNSW Press. pp. 199–200. ISBN 0868407062.
  5. Weston, Peter H. "Dipodium punctatum". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  6. Jeanes, Jeff. "Dipodium roseum". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  7. "Dipodium roseum". Yarra Ranges Local Plant Directory. Yarra Ranges Shire Council.
  8. Jones, David L. (1991). "New taxa of Australian Orchidaceae". Australian Orchid Research. 2: 51.
  9. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 651.
  10. Jones, David L. (1998). "Contributions to Tasmanian Orchidology". Australian Orchid Research. 3: 206.
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