Deutsche Eishockey Liga

The Deutsche Eishockey Liga (for sponsorship reasons called "PENNY Deutsche Eishockey Liga") (German pronunciation: [ˌdɔʏtʃə ˈʔaɪshɔkiː ˌliːɡaː]; English: German Ice Hockey League) or DEL, is a German professional ice hockey league that was founded in 1994. It was formed as a replacement for the Eishockey-Bundesliga and became the new top-tier league in Germany as a result. Unlike the old Bundesliga, the DEL is not under the administration of the German Ice Hockey Federation.

Deutsche Eishockey Liga
Current season, competition or edition:
2020–21 DEL season
FormerlyIce hockey Bundesliga
SportIce hockey
Founded1994
No. of teams14
CountryGermany
Most recent
champion(s)		Adler Mannheim (7th title)
Most titlesEisbären Berlin
Adler Mannheim (7 titles)
TV partner(s)Telekom
Sport1
Relegation toDEL2 (2020–21 onward)
Related
competitions		DEL2
2. Bundesliga
Oberliga
Official websitewww.del.org

In the 2016–17 season the league was the second-best supported in Europe, behind the Swiss National League A, with an average attendance of 6,198 spectators per game.[1]

History

The Eishockey-Bundesliga was formed in 1957 as the elite hockey competition in the Federal Republic of Germany, replacing the Oberliga in this position. It was in turn replaced by the Deutsche Eishockey Liga, which now also carries the name 1st Bundesliga in its logo.

Former DEL logo (1994–1996). The first two seasons were sponsored by Krombacher Brewery
Former DEL logo (1997–2001)
Former DEL logo (2001–2011)

The DEL was founded in the 1994–95 season, consisting of teams from the Eishockey-Bundesliga's 1st and 2nd divisions. The condition of these earlier leagues had become intolerable. Many 1st and 2nd division teams were heavily in debt. The 2nd division attracted few sponsors and spectators. As a result, many clubs were forced to fold or withdraw to the lower leagues. Fans and corporate sponsors focused on the 1st Bundesliga teams, forcing the elite teams to invest heavily in players to avoid relegation. This increased budgets 25 percent over the previous two years.

In the final Bundesliga season, 1993–94, only 11 teams wanted to play in the 2nd Bundesliga. Furthermore, two teams folded during and after the season. Ice hockey's reputation in Germany was heavily tarnished. This made it difficult to attract serious sponsorship. In January 1994, 20 out of the remaining 21 1st and 2nd Bundesliga teams voted for creating a new entity, the DEL.

Upon founding, the "DEL Betriebsgesellschaft mbH" was the first German professional sports league managed by an organization whose members were incorporated as well. The goal behind the DEL was to create a league, based on the model of the North American NHL, in which teams could play consistently without relegation concerns and create a stable league. Clubs in the DEL were required to conform to rules, which were designed to ensure long-term viability. Twelve clubs from the old 1st Bundesliga, and six from the 2nd Bundesliga came together as founding members. The new league immediately attracted corporate sponsorship with the Krombacher Brewery, which was prominently featured on the new league logo.

The hope of avoiding the troubles of the old Bundesliga by stricter financial controls did not materialize. During DEL's initial season, on 18 December 1994, the Bundesliga's final champion, the renamed EC Hedos München, folded. This was controversial, as DEL's president Franz Hofherr had approved their license and certified their finances. Hofherr was Mad Dogs former president and it was alleged that he must have known about their desperate financial situation.

The Bosman ruling, a 1995 decision of the European Court of Justice regarding the movement of labor in soccer, had profound influence on the league. The old Bundesliga had national character with German clubs competing for the German title using mostly German players. After the ruling European Union players were excluded from the "foreign" player quota. In the 1995–96 season following the decision, the DEL teams employed 97 EU players. This lowered costs significantly, enabling smaller teams to compete more effectively. However, frequent player moves were not viewed positively by the fans, resulting in smaller attendance numbers.

Following an agreement with the DEB the league renamed itself as "DEL – Die 1. Bundesliga" in the 1999–2000 season, while reintroducing relegation and promotion to/from the 2nd Ice Hockey Bundesliga.

The 2004–05 season was significant due to the NHL lockout. 26 NHL players came to play the season in the DEL, including Jamie Langenbrunner, Erik Cole, Stéphane Robidas, Doug Weight, Mike York and several German national team players – Jochen Hecht, Olaf Kölzig, and Marco Sturm.

League regulations

The DEL is an independently run league, fully owned and operated by its 14 member teams. Each team must fulfill the DEL's basic requirements to remain in the league:

  • A written application for membership;
  • "On ice qualification" for new teams (championship in the 2nd Bundesliga);
  • A stadium that meets DEL standards;
  • Financial qualification;
  • Formation of an ordinary company (the DEL consists of franchises);
  • Development program for young players; and
  • Purchase of a license (currently, the licensing fee is set at €800,000.00)

The DEL can only admit one 2nd Bundesliga team per season to the league, unless the league strength falls below fourteen, in which case two clubs can be admitted. Since the 2006–07 season, no DEL team can be automatically relegated, a team can only lose its league status through non-compliance with the leagues regulations (see above).

The ESBG guarantees to admit any DEL team wishing to step down to the lower 2nd Bundesliga or Oberliga. The team, however, has to purchase a license (licensing fees for the 2nd Bundesliga are currently set at €100,000.00).

To regulate the relationship between the DEL, the DEB and the ESBG (2nd Bundesliga), a so-called Kooperationsvertrag exists. This cooperation contract was signed in December 2005, and was valid until 2011. This contract ended years of dispute between the three organizations over competencies and financial issues.[2][3]

In November 2007, the DEL announced another change in policy. The league expanded to allow 16 teams beginning in the 2008–09 season, resulting in direct promotion for the 2nd Bundesliga league champions, should they fulfill all requirements and be interested in joining the DEL. Should this not be the case, or a current DEL team resigns from the league, a selection process would determine the club, or clubs, who would be eligible to join in order required to achieve 16 teams. (Note: Füchse Duisburg resigned before the 2009–10 season and was not replaced until the following season.)

For that season, it was also mandated that each DEL club would be allowed to have no more than ten non-EC players under contract.

Additionally, a new format for the game schedule will limit the number of regular season games to 52 for each team. This is achieved by each team playing four games against eleven others and two games against the remaining four. To determine which teams play which, the final standings of the previous season are used.

The DEL would also reintroduce promotion once more. The first- and second-lowest ranked teams will play a best-of-seven series to determine which team faces the 2nd Bundesliga champion for a place in the league. There is, however, an ongoing dispute about those games as second division teams may only have five foreign players on contract, and therefore face a handicap in comparison to the DEL teams with twelve import players each.[4] For now, the ESBG has declared that no team from the 2nd Bundesliga would take part in these matches and therefore no promotion/relegation with the DEL will take place.[5]

Teams

Members of the 2020–21 DEL season.

Teams of the 2020–21 DEL season
Team City Arena Capacity
Augsburger Panther Augsburg Curt Frenzel Stadium 6,218
Eisbären Berlin Berlin Mercedes-Benz Arena 14,200
Fischtown Pinguins Bremerhaven Eisarena Bremerhaven 4,674
Düsseldorfer EG Düsseldorf ISS Dome 13,400
ERC Ingolstadt Ingolstadt Saturn Arena 4,815
Iserlohn Roosters Iserlohn Eissporthalle Iserlohn 5,000
Kölner Haie Cologne Lanxess Arena 18,500
Krefeld Pinguine Krefeld König Palast 9,000
Adler Mannheim Mannheim SAP Arena 13,600
EHC Red Bull München Munich Olympia Eishalle 6,256
Nürnberg Ice Tigers Nuremberg Arena Nürnberger Versicherung 7,810
Schwenninger Wild Wings Villingen-Schwenningen Helios Arena 6,215
Straubing Tigers Straubing Eisstadion am Pulverturm 6,000
Grizzlys Wolfsburg Wolfsburg Eis Arena Wolfsburg 4,660

Former teams

DEL seasons

Past champions

All-time standings

32 clubs have played in the DEL since founding, with 14 currently playing. The 1994 standing represents the Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga.

Club No. 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 207
EHC München5 9 8 11 12 7 2 1 1 1 2 1
Eisbären Berlin 26 1BL 17 17 4 1 2 13 13 7 1 1 2 1 9 2 1 1 3 1 4 8 9 2 8 2 9 4
Thomas Sabo Ice Tigers 25 2BL 12 11 15 12 1 10 5 4 5 2 3 4 3 1 5 5 10 13 7 3 8 6 3 3 10 8
ERC Ingolstadt 17 12 7 5 2 4 10 12 7 6 2 6 9 3 8 7 4 5 7
Adler Mannheim 26 1BL 3 6 1 4 3 5 1 2 4 6 6 10 1 6 4 9 7 4 1 4 1 10 2 5 1 2
Kölner Haie 26 1BL 6 1 2 3 5 1 2 6 2 4 4 5 5 3 15 10 9 9 2 5 11 7 4 6 4 11
Grizzlys Wolfsburg 13 13 13 7 3 1 3 10 6 7 4 5 7 12 9
Iserlohn Roosters 1 19 15 12 9 12 11 11 11 5 11 11 12 10 13 10 6 3 13 8 13 13
Fischtown Pinguins 3 10 9 7 6
Schwenninger Wild Wings 16 1BL 9 5 10 9 10 11 12 16 14 13 14 14 12 10 14 14
Düsseldorfer EG 6 24 1BL 5 3 9 5 11 9 3 8 10 3 2 9 3 6 2 7 14 14 5 5 11 11 6 5
Augsburger Panther 25 2BL 13 12 11 13 8 8 14 8 11 9 7 12 13 12 10 8 14 8 8 11 12 12 6 12 3 10
Straubing Tigers 13 12 14 13 13 13 6 9 12 13 9 9 13 8 3
Krefeld Pinguine 26 1BL 4 7 8 11 7 3 9 3 6 10 9 8 10 11 6 12 4 12 3 2 10 13 14 14 11 12
Hamburg Freezers 2 14 8 3 8 6 7 7 8 14 11 5 5 1 4 11
Hannover Scorpions 17 14 7 11 9 7 10 10 13 12 7 6 8 2 4 5 14 11
Frankfurt Lions 16 2BL 10 8 12 2 4 7 10 11 13 5 1 9 8 4 9 2
Kassel Huskies 14 2BL 7 9 3 10 9 4 4 5 7 11 14 13 14 15
EV Duisburg 4 14 14 15 16
Wölfe Freiburg 1 14
Revierlöwen Oberhausen 5 14 14 14 6 13
Moskitos Essen 3 15 16 14
Preussen Berlin 8 1BL 1 2 5 8 13 6 8 15
Munich Barons 2 3 3 2 3 1
Starbulls Rosenheim 1 6 1BL 8 13 6 15 12 12
Landshut Cannibals 3 5 1BL 2 4 7 6 6
Ratinger Löwen 3 1BL 16 10 16
ESV Kaufbeuren 3 1BL 11 15 13
SC Riessersee 1 14
Hannover Indians 2 2BL 14 16
Lausitzer Füchse 2 2BL 15 18
Maddogs München 4 1 1BL 18


Color codeResult
GoldPlay-off champion
SilverPlay-off finalist
GreenSemi finalist
Blue1st round
PurplePreliminary round
WhiteDid not qualify for play-offs
RedFolded during regular season or relegated to DEL2
BoldRegular season champion
ItalicsPlay-offs not conducted
No.Number of seasons in league (as of 2017–18)
gollark: Strictly speaking, it's a *strict* state burrito.
gollark: This is equivalent to an isomorphism between burritos.
gollark: Does not exist.
gollark: I mean, it just calls it `RealWorld`.
gollark: Possibly.

See also

References
  1. "SC Bern on top for 16th time in a row". iihf.com. International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
  2. "Kooperationsvertrages" (PDF) (in German). DEL. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 30 March 2008.
  3. "Fragen zur DEL" (in German). DEL. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 30 March 2008.
  4. "DEL: Neuer Modus mit Auf- und Abstieg" (in German). Hockeyweb.de. 21 November 2007. Retrieved 30 March 2008.
  5. "DEL: Kein Auf- und Abstieg" (in German). kicker.de. 14 March 2008. Retrieved 30 March 2008.
  6. "Frankfurt Lions akzeptieren Entscheidung der DEL" (in German). frankfurt-lions-gmbh.de. Archived from the original on 6 July 2010. Retrieved 12 July 2010.
  7. "Hamburg Freezers beantragen keine DEL-Lizenz für die Saison 2016/17" (in German). hamburg-freezers.de. 24 May 2016. Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
  8. "Hamburg Freezers werden keine DEL-Lizenz für die saison 2016/17 beantragen" (in German). hamburg-freezers.de. 18 May 2016. Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
  9. "OLG Köln besiegelt DEL-Aus, Team siegt trotzdem noch einmal" (in German). www.huskies-online.de. 27 August 2010. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
  10. "Deutsche Eishockey Liga beendet Saison vorzeitig". del.org (in German). Retrieved 10 March 2020.
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