Dendrobium densiflorum

Dendrobium densiflorum, commonly known as 密花石斛 (mi hua shi hu),[2] or ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯨꯃꯦꯂꯩ (khongumelei)[3] is a species of epiphytic or lithophytic orchid that is native to Asia. It has club-shaped stems, three or four leathery leaves and densely flowered, hanging bunches of relatively large pale yellow and golden yellow flowers.

Dendrobium densiflorum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Dendrobieae
Subtribe: Dendrobiinae
Genus: Dendrobium
Species:
D. densiflorum
Binomial name
Dendrobium densiflorum
Synonyms[1]

Description

Dendrobium densiflorum is an epiphytic or lithophytic orchid with stems that are club-shaped, swollen at the base, 250–400 mm (10–20 in) long and about 20 mm (0.8 in) wide. There are three or four leathery, oblong to lance-shaped leaves 80–170 mm (3–7 in) long and 26–40 mm (1–2 in) wide near the end of the stem. A large number of flowers are densely packed around a hanging flowering stem 60–160 mm (2–6 in) long. Each flower has a greenish white pedicel and ovary 20–25 mm (0.8–1 in) long. The flowers are 30–40 mm (1–2 in) wide with pale yellow sepals and petals and a golden yellow labellum. The sepals are lance-shaped to egg-shaped, 17–21 mm (0.7–0.8 in) long and 8–12 mm (0.3–0.5 in) wide. The petals are almost round, 15–20 mm (0.6–0.8 in) long and 11–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) wide with irregular edges on the outer half. The labellum is more or less square to round, 17–22 mm (0.7–0.9 in) long and wide with a partly woolly surface. The edges of the labellum surround the column.[2]

Taxonomy and naming

Dendrobium densiflorum was first formally described in 1830 by John Lindley and the description was published in Nathaniel Wallich's book, Plantae Asiaticae rariores.[1][4]

Distribution and habitat

Mi hua shi hu grows in the trunks of broadleaved, evergreen trees and on rocks in mountain valleys at elevations between 400 and 1,000 m (1,000 and 3,000 ft). It is found in China, Bhutan, northeastern India, Myanmar, Nepal and Thailand.[2][5][6][7][8]

Dendrobium guibertii and D. amabile are similar species and sometimes confused with D. densiflorum, leading to uncertainty as to the distribution of this species.[2]

Uses

Chemical compounds useful in medicine, including phenanthrenes have been extracted from this orchid.[9][10]

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gollark: What does happen a lot is that I crash into buildings, but it does work, ish.
gollark: * fast
gollark: With the neural interface + kinetic augment + elytra you can go really really faast.
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References
  1. "Dendrobium densiflorum". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. "Dendrobium densiflorum". Flora of China. Retrieved 13 November 2018.
  3. "Pineapple Orchid". Flowers of India. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  4. Lindley, John; Wallich, Nathaniel (ed.) (1830). Plantae Asiaticae rariores, or, Descriptions and figures of a select number of unpublished East Indian plants (Volume 1). London: Treuttel and Wurtz, Treuttel Jun. and Richter. p. 34. Retrieved 13 November 2018.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  5. Huda, M.K., Rahman, M.A. & Wil (2001). Notes on the Orchidaceae of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 8(2): 9-17.
  6. Rahman, M.O. (2004). Second list of angiospermic taxa of Bangladesh not included in Hooker's 'Flora of British India' and Prain's 'Bengal Plants': series I. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 11: 77-82.
  7. Lucksom, S.Z. (2007). The orchids of Sikkim and North East Himalaya: 1-984. S.Z.Lucksom, India.
  8. Raskoti, B.B. (2009). The Orchids of Nepal: 1-252. Bhakta Bahadur Raskoti and Rita Ale.
  9. Kovács, Adriána; Vasas, Andrea; Hohmann, Judit (March 2008). "Natural phenanthrenes and their biological activity". Phytochemistry. 69 (5): 1084–1110. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.12.005. PMID 18243254.
  10. "KNApSAcK Metabolite Information - Moscatin,Plicatol B". kanaya.naist.jp. Retrieved 15 November 2018.
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