De Smet, South Dakota

De Smet is a city in and the county seat of Kingsbury County, South Dakota, United States.[8] The population was 1,089 at the 2010 census. The updated population is 998 of 2020 Recount. The median age of De Smet was 45.6. That was last updated as of 2018 in May.

De Smet, South Dakota
Town
Downtown De Smet, September 2010
Location in Kingsbury County and the state of South Dakota
Coordinates: 44°23′9″N 97°33′6″W
CountryUnited States
StateSouth Dakota
CountyKingsbury
Founded[1]1880
Incorporated[2]1883
Area
 • Total1.16 sq mi (3.00 km2)
 • Land1.16 sq mi (3.00 km2)
 • Water0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2)
Elevation
1,726 ft (526 m)
Population
 • Total1,089
 • Estimate 
(2019)[5]
1,052
 • Density908.46/sq mi (350.64/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
ZIP Code
57231
Area code(s)605
FIPS code46-16260[6]
GNIS feature ID1265178[7]

History

Located in the area of South Dakota known as "East River" (east of the Missouri River, which diagonally divides the state), De Smet was platted by European Americans in 1880.[9] It was named for Belgian Father Pierre De Smet,[7][10] a 19th-century Jesuit missionary who worked with Native Americans in the United States and its territories for most of his life. In the mid 1880s, prairie fires and failures of crops after a three-year period of drought caused many settlers to relocate their farms and homesteads to easier areas.[11] By 1917, De Smet was a cow town, with many trains passing through every day carrying cattle to market.[12]

Currently a Christian and Missionary Alliance church, the building was originally the First Congregational Church of De Smet; one of the church's builders was Charles Ingalls.

The Charles Ingalls family, originally of Wisconsin, arrived in De Smet in 1879. Their travels and pioneer life in Minnesota, Kansas, Dakota Territory, and Iowa would be later chronicled in the Little House series of books written by the Ingallses' second oldest daughter, Laura Elizabeth - later known as Laura Ingalls Wilder. Laura Ingalls and her husband Almanzo Wilder would first settle in De Smet along with Wilder's parents and brother. There the Wilders lived just outside of De Smet on farmland, while the Ingallses stayed in the town of De Smet. After building a home and starting a business there, Charles Ingalls helped to found the First Congregational Church of De Smet, later helping to build the church building, with the first service being held there on August 30, 1882. Ingalls and his wife, along with oldest daughter Mary, were among the church's eight original charter members.

Geography

De Smet is located in central Kingsbury County at 44°23′9″N 97°33′6″W (44.385871, -97.551703).[13] It is 33 miles (53 km) east of Huron and 41 miles (66 km) west of Brookings.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.16 square miles (3.00 km2), all of it land.[14]

De Smet has been assigned the ZIP code 57231 and the FIPS place code 16260.

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
1880116—
1890541366.4%
190074938.4%
19101,06341.9%
19201,035−2.6%
19301,017−1.7%
19401,016−0.1%
19501,18016.1%
19601,32412.2%
19701,3360.9%
19801,237−7.4%
19901,172−5.3%
20001,164−0.7%
20101,089−6.4%
Est. 20191,052[5]−3.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[15]
2018 Estimate[16]

2010 census

At the 2010 census there were 1,089 people, 478 households, and 290 families living in the city. The population density was 938.8 inhabitants per square mile (362.5/km2). There were 552 housing units at an average density of 475.9 per square mile (183.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 98.8% White, 0.1% African American, 0.6% Native American, 0.1% Asian, and 0.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.5%.[4]

Of the 478 households 24.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.3% were married couples living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.3% were non-families. 35.6% of households were one person and 22.6% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.83.

The median age was 49.6 years. 22% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.9% were from 25 to 44; 26% were from 45 to 64; and 29.9% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.2% male and 52.8% female.

2000 census

At the 2000 census there were 1,164 people, 524 households, and 300 families living in the city. The population density was 1,102.2 people per square mile (424.0/km²). There were 582 housing units at an average density of 551.1 per square mile (212.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 98.37% White, 0.95% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 0.09% from other races, and 0.52% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.69%.[6]

Of the 524 households 24.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 3.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.7% were non-families. 39.3% of households were one person and 24.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.09 and the average family size was 2.80.

The age distribution was 20.8% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 21.1% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 31.3% 65 or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.0 males.

The median household income was $27,760, and the median family income was $41,989. Males had a median income of $24,722 versus $20,417 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,372. About 7.3% of families and 11.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.1% of those under age 18 and 18.3% of those age 65 or over.

Attractions
Surveyors' House, first home in Dakota Territory of the Charles Ingalls family

Since 1971, De Smet has hosted a pageant, held over several weekends in July, to honor Laura Ingalls Wilder. Five of her classic Little House books were based on her experiences in and around the community. The books were popularized anew in the 1970s and early 1980s, from the long-running TV series Little House on the Prairie, which was loosely based on them.

De Smet School, first school in De Smet and attended by Laura Ingalls Wilder and Carrie Ingalls

The story of how Charles Ingalls and his wife Caroline arrived in De Smet in 1879 by covered wagon from Walnut Grove, Minnesota, is told by a cast of thirty in an open-air theater near the old Ingalls homestead and the Surveyors' House. Nearby are Silver Lake and the Big Slough, locales mentioned in her books. Reminders of De Smet's pioneer past are evident throughout the town, including the First Congregational Church, where the Ingalls family worshipped.

In 1894, Laura and her husband Almanzo Wilder, with their daughter Rose, left De Smet to live on a farm in the Ozarks near Mansfield, Missouri. There, Laura Ingalls Wilder chronicled her South Dakota memories in such works as The Long Winter, Little Town on the Prairie, and These Happy Golden Years. Many residents in De Smet have made a special effort to learn the Ingalls' stories in hopes of assisting inquiring tourists each summer.[17]

Transportation

Notable people
"The House That Pa Built", located at 210 3rd Street SW in De Smet
Former site of Ingalls Store, downtown De Smet

De Smet was the childhood home of children's book author Laura Ingalls Wilder and is the birthplace of her daughter, author and activist Rose Wilder Lane. Ingalls Wilder's father, Charles Ingalls, emigrated to De Smet in 1879 with his wife, Caroline, and their children Mary, Laura, Carrie, and Grace. There, after first living in the Surveyor House and a couple of other locations in De Smet, Ingalls built their permanent home that became known via Wilder's writings as "The House That Pa Built". Construction on the house began in 1887 and was completed in 1889. After settling in De Smet, Charles Ingalls owned and operated the Ingalls Store from 1880–1881, a small general-type store that sold various goods for the home. While the store building no longer exists, the location is noted in De Smet's downtown area with a marker on what's currently on the site, a former bank building that now houses Gass Law Firm.

De Smet was also the childhood home of supercentenarian Walter Breuning. Artist-illustrator Harvey Dunn was born in 1884 approximately eight miles from De Smet near Manchester, and painted scenes of frontier life in his later years. Harry George Armstrong, a major general in the United States Air Force, a physician, and an airman, was born in De Smet in 1899.

  • Ingalls family gravesite, De Smet Cemetery
  • Charles Ingalls gravesite, De Smet Cemetery
  • Caroline Ingalls gravesite, De Smet Cemetery
  • Mary Ingalls gravesite, De Smet Cemetery
  • Carrie Ingalls Swanzey gravesite, De Smet Cemetery
  • Grace Ingalls Dow and Nathan Dow gravesite, De Smet Cemetery
  • Baby Boy Wilder gravesite, De Smet Cemetery
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See also

References
  1. Federal Writers' Project (1940). South Dakota Place-Names, Part I: State, County, and Town Names. Vermillion, South Dakota: University of South Dakota. p. 34. OCLC 34885177.
  2. "SD Towns" (PDF). South Dakota State Historical Society. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-02-10. Retrieved 2010-02-11.
  3. "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 30, 2020.
  4. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-06-21.
  5. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  6. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  7. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: De Smet
  8. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  9. Chicago and North Western Railway Company (1908). A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways. p. 64.
  10. Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. pp. 105.
  11. Samuel Clark, Sr., and his descendants. Second edition. By Rev. Edgar Warner Clark, A.M.. 1892. p. 99.
  12. Marian Cramer, "Cows on Parade", South Dakota Magazine, May/June 1990
  13. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  14. "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2012-07-14. Retrieved 2012-06-21.
  15. United States Census Bureau. "Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved June 7, 2016.
  17. Chuck Cecil, "Little Town on the Prairie," American Profile, June 2006.
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