David Driskell

David C. Driskell (June 7, 1931 – April 1, 2020) was an American artist, scholar and curator; recognized for his work in establishing African-American Art as a distinct field of study.[1][2] In his lifetime, Driskell was cited as one of the world’s leading authorities on the subject of African-American Art.[3] Driskell held the title of Distinguished University Professor of Art, Emeritus, at the University of Maryland, College Park.[4]

David C. Driskell
Born(1931-06-07)June 7, 1931
Eatonton, Georgia, U.S.
DiedApril 1, 2020(2020-04-01) (aged 88)
Washington, D.C., U.S.
NationalityAmerican
Alma materHoward University (BA), Catholic University (MFA), Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture
Notable work
Two Centuries of Black American Art
AwardsNational Humanities Medal, 2000
Woman with Flowers by David Driskell, 1972
The University of Maryland, College Park Art Gallery celebrated its 50th anniversary on Feb. 24, 2016, with a memorable art exhibition. Among those attending were President Wallace Loh and his wife, Barbara, on the left; and Prof. David C. Driskell, along with Prof. Dagmar R. Henney, on the right. Photo courtesy University of Maryland Art Gallery, used with permission.

Early life & education

David Clyde Driskell was born in Eatonton, Georgia, the son of George Washington Driskell, a minister, and Mary Cloud Driskell, a homemaker.[1] When he was five years old, he moved with his family to western North Carolina.[1]

Art was already embedded in his family life before he went to college, his father created paintings and drawings on religious themes, his mother made quilts and baskets, and his grandfather was a sculptor.[5]

Driskell attended Howard University in Washington, D.C., graduating with a bachelor's degree in art in 1955.[1] He started off studying painting and history until meeting James A. Porter, acclaimed African-American art historian who took him under his wing and encouraged him to study art history.[1] He was influenced by James V. Herring, another of his professors at Howard, and Mary Beattie Brady, the director of the Harmon Foundation, an organization that collected work by African Americans. Driskell would continue to work closely with Brady throughout his early career.[5]

In 1952 he married his wife Thelma Grace DeLoatch.

In 1953, he received a scholarship to attend the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture.[6]

Career

Teaching

After teaching for several years at Talladega College in Alabama, he went on to earn a Master of Fine Arts degree from Catholic University in 1962.[1]

He was an associate professor of art at Howard University from 1963 to 1964.[6] In 1964 he held a fellowship at the Netherlands Institute for Art History in The Hague.[7]

In 1966 he joined the faculty of Fisk University in Nashville, as professor of art and chairman of the department. During his time at Fisk, Driskell curated a number of shows highlighting black artists including Aaron Douglas, William T. Williams and Ellis Wilson. He was a rigorous scholar and due to his careful cataloging of African American works he began creating the archive and context for research into black art.[5]

After ten years at Fisk, he moved to the University of Maryland, College Park, in 1976.[6] He chaired the department there from 1978 to 1983 and, in 1995, was named Distinguished University Professor of Art.[8] Driskell retired from the University of Maryland in 1998. In 2001, he was honored with the naming of the David C. Driskell Center for the Study of Visual Arts and Culture of African Americans and the African Diaspora, which presents exhibitions on African American art and holds the Driskell archive .[9][1]

Driskell had a long relationship with the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture which began in 1953, the year he attended as a participant of the program. He was invited back as faculty in 1976, 1978, 1991, and 2004. He served on the Board of Governors from 1975-1989 and on the Board of Trustees from 1989-2001. He served on the Advisory Committee from 2003 until his death in 2020.[10]

David C. Driskell: Artist and Scholar by Julie L. McGee, a book detailing Driskell's life and work, was published in 2006.[11]

Driskell died in Washington, D.C., on April 1, 2020, due to complications from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Washington, D.C..[12]

Curatorial Work

During his seven decade career as an art historian and curator Driskell made contributions that are considered foundational to the field of African American Art.[9] He curated over 35 exhibitions of work by black artists, including Jacob Lawrence, Romare Bearden, and Elizabeth Catlett.[5]

In 1976, Driskell mounted Two Centuries of Black American Art for the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, which was the highest-profile exhibition of its kind at a major U.S. museum, and according to ARTnews, "staked a claim for the profound and indelible contributions of black and African American art makers since the earliest days of the country."[5] This landmark exhibition later traveled to the Dallas Museum of Fine Arts, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, and the Brooklyn Museum. The exhibition featured more than 200 works by 63 artists as well as anonymous crafts workers and cemented the essential contributions of Black artists to American Visual culture.[1]

Driskell's art collection has traveled to museums nationwide and includes work ranging from African tribal objects to contemporary works of art and "reflect the history of the black American experience"[5]. In 2000, about 100 works from his collection were presented at the High Museum of Art in an exhibition titled Narratives of African American Art and Identity: The David C. Driskell Collection.

Driskell has advised notable figures including Oprah Winfrey and Bill Cosby on their art collections. He also selected works that appeared on The Cosby Show, and later wrote a book about the Cosby's collection "The Other Side of Color: The African American Collection of Camille O. and William H. Cosby, Jr." In 1996 Driskell advised the White House on its purchase of Sand Dunes at Sunset: Atlantic City (1885) by Henry Ossawaa Tanner. It became the first artwork in the White House's collection by a Black artist.[5]

Artistic Career

Driskell created works of art including painting, drawing, collage and printmaking, often combining them in the creation of mixed media work. His work is challenging to categorize due to the diversity of his artistic practice, having worked both abstractly and figuratively, and utilizing a wide range of materials including oil paint, acrylic, egg tempera, gouache, ink, marker, and collage, on paper and both stretched and unstretched canvas. The subject matter of his work ranges from portraits of jazz singers, African gods and rituals, urban life, to landscapes around his summer home in Maine.[9]

His work can be read in relationship to the Black Arts movement and Afrocentrism, but also reveals his engagement with art of various styles and time periods. His oeuvre reflects, "his openness to the times he is living in and his immediate circumstances, whether in his neighborhood or in nature," John Yao writes for Hyperallergic on the occasion of his 2019 solo exhibition at DC Moore Gallery.[9]

Driskell's art is represented by DC Moore Gallery in New York City.[13]

Solo Exhibitions
  • 2019: David Driskell: Resonance, Paintings 1965-2002, DC Moore Gallery, New York, NY[9]
  • 2017: David Driskell: Renewal and Reform, Selected Prints, Center for Maine Contemporary Art, Rockland, ME
  • 2014: A Decade of David Driskell, The High Museum of Art, Atlanta, GA
  • 2012: David Driskell, Creative Spirit: Five Decades, DC Moore Gallery, New York, NY
  • 2006: David Driskell: Painting Across the Decade 1996-2006, DC Moore Gallery, New York, NY

Group Exhibitions
  • 2020: Tell Me Your Story, Kunsthal Kade, Amsterdam, NE
  • 2020: Riffs and Relations: African American Artists and the European Modernist Tradition, The Phillips Collection, Washington D.C.
  • 2019: Soul of a Nation: Art in the Age of Black Power, Tate Modern, London, UK; Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art Bentonville, AR; The Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, NY; The Broad Museum, Los Angeles, CA

Honors, awards, and legacy

Driskell received numerous awards including the Distinguished Alumni Award in Art from Howard University (1981), the Distinguished Alumni Award in Art from The Catholic University of America (1996), the President's Medal from University of Maryland (1997), and Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture's Lifetime Legacy Award (2016). He was honored by President Bill Clinton with the Presidential Medal as one of 12 recipients of the National Humanities Medal (2000).[14][13] He has been awarded nine honorary Doctorates.[14] The High Museum established the David C. Driskell Prize in 2005 to honor and celebrate contributions to the field of African American art and art history.[15]

The David C. Driskell Center for the Study of Visual Arts and Culture of African Americans and the African Diaspora at the University of Maryland, College Park was named in tribute to him and honors his legacy.[4]

Publications by Driskell
  • Amistad II: Afro-American Art (editor), Nashville: Fisk University, 1975.
  • Two Centuries of Black American Art, Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1976. ISBN 0-87587-070-8
  • The Afro-American Collection, Fisk University, with Earl J. Hooks, Nashville: Fisk University, 1976.
  • Harlem Renaissance: Art of Black America, introduction by Mary Schmidt Campbell; essays by David Driskell, David Levering Lewis, and Deborah Willis Ryan, New York: The Studio Museum in Harlem, 1987. ISBN 0-8109-1099-3
  • Introspectives: Contemporary Art by Americans and Brazilians of African Descent, curators, Henry J. Drewal and David C. Driskell, Los Angeles: California Afro-American Museum, 1989.
  • African American Visual Aesthetics: a Postmodernist View (editor) Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1995. ISBN 1-56098-605-0
  • The Other Side of Color: African American Art in the Collection of Camille O. and William H. Cosby, Jr., San Francisco: Pomegranate, 2001. ISBN 0-7649-1455-3

Publications about Driskell
  • David Driskell: A Survey: Art Gallery, University of Maryland, College Park, October 21-December 5, 1980, compiled and edited by Edith A. Tonelli, College Park, Maryland: University of Maryland Art Gallery, 1980.
  • Julie L. McGee, David C. Driskell: Artist and Scholar, by San Francisco: Pomegranate, 2006. ISBN 0-7649-3747-2
  • Hidden Heritage: Afro-American Art, 1800-1950, San Francisco: The Art Museum Association of America, 1985. ISBN 0-930295-03-X
  • Contemporary Visual Expressions: the Art of Sam Gilliam, Martha Jackson-Jarvis, Keith Morrison, William T. Williams, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1987. ISBN 0-87474-385-0
  • Adrienne L. Childs, Evolution: Five Decades of Printmaking by David C. Driskell, San Francisco: Pomegranate, 2007. ISBN 978-0-7649-4204-4
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See also

Additional bibliography

References
  1. Genzlinger, Neil (April 7, 2020). "David Driskell, 88, Pivotal Champion of African-American Art, Dies". New York Times. Retrieved April 9, 2020. Print version, April 9, 2020, p. B12.
  2. "ArtMakers : David Driskell". The History Makers. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
  3. "David Driskell - Artists - DC Moore Gallery". www.dcmooregallery.com. Retrieved 2020-07-18.
  4. "The David C. Driskell Center". Driskellcenter.umd.edu. Retrieved 2020-04-04.
  5. Newkirk, Pamela (April 6, 2020). "How David C. Driskell Shaped the Story of Black Art in America: From the Archives". ARTnews. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  6. "David Clyde Driskell." Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2001. Retrieved via Gale In Context: Biography database, April 10, 2020.
  7. "David (C.) Driskell." St. James Guide to Black Artists. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale, 1997. Retrieved via Gale In Context: Biography database, April 10, 2020.
  8. "David C. Driskell, African American Art Pioneer, Dies at 88". College of Arts & Humanities, University of Maryland, College Park. Archived from the original on April 7, 2020. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  9. Yao, John (April 28, 2019). "A Shape-Shifting Artist, 87 Years Young". Hyperallergic. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
  10. "David C. Driskell". Skowhegan School of Painting & Sculpture. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
  11. McGee, Julie L. ( 2006). David C. Driskell: Artist and Scholar. San Francisco: Pomegranate Communications. ISBN 0764937472.
  12. Barnes, Bart (April 3, 2020). "David Driskell, advocate for African American art, dies at 88 of coronavirus". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 4, 2020.
  13. "DC Moore Gallery, artist page". Retrieved February 1, 2013.
  14. Gerard, Chrissa. "David C. Driskell, National Humanities Medal, 2000". National Endowment for the Humanities. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
  15. "Driskell Prize". High Museum of Art. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
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