Cronkhill

Cronkhill, Atcham, Shropshire, designed by John Nash, is "the earliest Italianate villa in England".[1]

Cronkhill
Cronkhill
General information
TypeCountry house
Architectural styleItalianate
Town or cityAtcham
CountryEngland
Coordinates52.6703°N 2.6879°W / 52.6703; -2.6879
Construction started1802
Design and construction
ArchitectJohn Nash
DesignationsGrade I

Drawing on influences from the Italian Campagna and the Picturesque, including the art of Claude Lorrain, it began an architectural style that was hugely influential in England in the first half of the nineteenth century. Major examples include Trentham Park and Osbourne House. Nash's "most original building",[2] it is Grade I listed.[1]

History

The house was designed by John Nash in 1802[3] for Francis Walford.[4] Walford was a friend of Thomas Noel Hill, 2nd Baron Berwick, of nearby Attingham Park, and the agent for Berwick's Attingham estates.[4] Mansbridge considers that the design was "almost certainly inspired" by Claude Lorrain's painting "Landscape near Rome with a View of the Ponte Molle."[5] Lord Berwick was the owner of two Claude landscapes.[2] Walford lived at Cronkhill, managing Lord Berwick's Attingham interests, until their relationship ended acrimoniously in 1828, when Walford left the house.[6] It was then occupied by members of the Berwick family, often when Attingham Park was let, until their final return to Attingham in the 1920s.[6] Cronkhill, along with Attingham Park, was gifted to the National Trust in the post-war period.[4]

Architecture

The body of the house is a rectangular two-storey block,[4] with a circular, three-storey, tower to the north and a square, three-storey, tower to the west.[1] A loggia links the two towers.[1] The walls are now white stucco,[4] although the colour may originally have been designed to imitate ashlar.[4] Internally, the main reception rooms are simply decorated, comprising a drawing room in the round tower, a library in the square tower and a dining room in the body of the house.[2] Although influential, the house, as with much of Nash's work, was subject to criticism, Davis describing the round tower as "merely a dramatic architectural trick, (containing neither) a circular staircase, nor even one circular room."[7] As of 2016, the National Trust is undertaking a major restoration of the house to "restore Cronkhill's appearance back to Nash's original design."[8]

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See also

Notes
  1. Historic England, "Cronkhill (1176915)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 12 March 2017
  2. Greeves, p. 111.
  3. A design was exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1802, as a "house near Shrewsbury" (Howard Colvin).
  4. Newman & Pevsner, p. 240-1.
  5. Mansbridge, p. 101.
  6. "Delve into the history of Cronkhill on the Attingham estate". National Trust. Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  7. Davis, p. 23.
  8. "Open days at Cronkhill". National Trust. Retrieved 11 July 2016.

References

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