Commodore 8050

The Commodore 8050, Commodore 8250, and Commodore SFD-1001 are 5¼-inch floppy disk drives manufactured by Commodore International, primarily for its 8-bit CBM and PET series of computers. The drives offered improved storage capacities over previous Commodore drive models.

Commodore 8050
Commodore 8050 floppy-disk drive, with CBM 2001 PC
ManufacturerCommodore Business Machines, Inc.
TypeFloppy drive
Release date1980 (1980)[1]
Introductory priceUSD 1695 (1980) USD 5,300 (2020 equivalent) [1]
Media2 × 5¼" double-sided, double-density[2]
Operating systemCBM DOS 2.5/2.7[3]
CPU2 × MOS 6502 @ 1 MHz [2]
Memory4 kB SRAM (8 × 2114), 16kB ROM (2 × 2364) [2]
Storage521 kB/side, 1042 kB/disk[4]
ConnectivityParallel IEEE-488[2]
Power110-117 V, 220-24 0V, 50 W[4]
Dimensions6.5 in × 15.0 in × 14.35 in (165 mm × 381 mm × 364 mm)[4]
Mass28 lb (13 kg)[5]
Backward
compatibility		PET, 4000-series, 8000-series, B128;[2] Commodore 64, VIC-20 with IEEE-488 adapter[6]
PredecessorCommodore 4040

Specifications

All three models utilize 5¼-inch double density floppy disks with a track spacing of 100 tracks-per-inch, for a total of 77 logical tracks per side.[lower-alpha 1] Data is encoded using Commodore's proprietary group coded recording scheme. Soft sectoring is used for track alignment. Like most other Commodore disk drives, these drives utilize zone bit recording to maintain an average bit density across the entire disk. Formatted capacity is approximately 0.5 megabyte per side, or 1 megabyte (1,066,496 bytes) in 4166 blocks total.[4][5][7]

The 8050 is a single-sided drive, whereas the 8250 and SFD-1001 are dual-sided drives. Dual-sided drives can fully read and write to disks formatted by single-sided drives, but single-sided drives can only read and write to the front side of disks formatted by dual-sided drives.[3][5]

Both the 8050 and 8250 are housed in a dual-drive case similar to the Commodore 4040 drive. The SFD-1001 is housed in a single-drive case similar to the Commodore 1541. The 8250LP, a low-profile revision of the 8250, is housed in a shorter dual-drive case that is stylistically similar to the SFD-1001. All models include an internal power supply and an IEEE-488 data connector on the rear of the case. The 8050 and 8250 include latch sensors that can detect when a disk is inserted or removed.[7][8][9]

These drives are not dual-mode, so they cannot read or write 5¼-inch disks formatted by lower-capacity 48-tpi models, such as the Commodore 1541 or 4040. They also cannot read or write 5¼-inch disks formatted by 96-tpi drives, such as the 640 kilobyte IBM PC disk or 880 kilobyte Commodore Amiga disk, due to the minor difference in track spacing. Lastly, they cannot read or write high-density 5¼-inch disks due to both the difference in track spacing and the difference in write head coercivity (300-oersted for double-density, 600-oersted for high-density).[6][7]

Disk Layout
TrackSectors Per Track
(256 bytes)		Sectors
 1-39, 78-116 291131
40-53, 117-130 27378
54-64, 131-141 25275
65-77, 142-154 23299

Total Sectors: 2083 (4166 for the 8250)

The disk header is on 39/0 (track 39, sector 0), with the directory residing on the remaining 28 sectors of track 39.

Header Layout 39/0

$00–01 T/S reference to the first BAM (block availability map) sector
    02 DOS version ('C')
 06-16 Disk label, $A0 padded
 18-19 Disk ID
 1B-1C DOS type('2C')

The BAM (block availability map) begins on 38/0 (track 38, sector 0), and continues on 38/3. On the 8250, the BAM extends further to 38/6 and 38/9. The remaining sectors on track 38 are available for general use.

BAM Layout 38/0, 3, (6, 9)

$00–01 T/S reference to the next BAM sector, or 00/FF if last.
    02 DOS version ('C')
    04 Lowest BAM track in this block
    05 Highest+1 BAM track in this block
 06-FF BAM for 50 tracks
gollark: Mine has the modern* i5-7200U CPU, which does.
gollark: It'll boot any working UEFI thing, which is about the best you can hope for regarding nonlockeddownness.
gollark: (used, that is)
gollark: I got a £150 business laptop and stuck an SSD/extra RAM in, which works ish for me.
gollark: Also poor cooling.

See also

Notes
  1. 5¼-inch double-density drives with a track spacing of 96 or 100 tpi are commonly referred to as "quad-density" drives.

References
  1. "Commodore SuperPET".
  2. Service Manual 8050 • 8250 Dual Disk Drives (PDF). Commodore Business Machines, Inc. 1985. pp. 1, 5.
  3. "PET index - Disk drives".
  4. User's Manual for CBM 5¼-inch Dual Floppy Disk Drives (PDF). Commodore Business Machines, Inc. 1980. pp. 5–6.
  5. Commodore Disk Reference Manual for D9090 D9060 8250 8050 4040 2031 (PDF). Commodore Business Machines, Inc. pp. 5–6, 8–9.
  6. "Manuals | Technical Comparison of Commodore 1541 2040 4040 8050 8250 Drives". 2011-03-30. Archived from the original on 2008-10-11. Retrieved 2016-04-02.
  7. Cameron Kaiser. "Secret Weapons of Commodore: The Disk Drives".
  8. "Restoration & Repair A Commodore Dual Disk 8250 LP". 2013-12-17. Retrieved 2016-04-02.
  9. "Commodore 8250 LP Dual Disk Drive". 2010. Retrieved 2016-04-02.
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