Clisura Dunării

Defileul Dunării, also locally known as Clisura Dunării (Serbian: Банатска Клисура / Banatska Klisura) is a geographical region in Romania. It is located in southern Banat, along the northern bank of the river Danube. Clisura Dunării is situated between river Nera in the west, and Gura Văii or Cazanele Dunării in the east.

The area includes the municipality of Orşova and the town of Moldova Nouă, as well as several communes (Socol, Pojejena, Coronini, Gârnic, Sicheviţa, Berzasca, Sviniţa, Dubova, Eşelniţa, Iloviţa, and Brezniţa-Ocol).

Name

The Romanian name is Defileul Dunării. River Danube is called Dunărea in Romanian. The sometimes used local name clisura derives from Serbian; Klisura means "pass", "gorge", "gate" and "sharp rock" in Serbian.[1] It is derived from the Greek kleisoura, which in turn derives from the Latin clausura, meaning "closed entity", ide est "monastery, castle, fort".[2] The term was applied by the Byzantines to fortified mountain districts controlling important passes.

Geography

The region is located in southern Romanian Banat, along the northern bank of the river Danube, at the border with Serbia. It spans from the Nera in the west, and Gura Văii or Cazanele Dunării in the east. The settlements lie in the foothills and river banks below the Banat mountains of Locva and Almăj. The Danube enters by the Baziaș village. The distance between Baziaș and Gura Văii is ca. 140 km.[3] On the other side of the Danube, in Serbia, the municipalities are Veliko Gradište, Golubac, and Majdanpek.

History

Historically, the region belonged to the Banatian Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy, and was divided into "Vlach" (Romanian) and Serb sections.

With the Treaty of Trianon (1920), the region was given to Romania.

During World War II, the Serbs in the region supported the Yugoslav Partisans.[4]

Demographics

The region has a trans-ethnic character owing to the co-habitation of Romanians and Serbs.[3][5]

The population of the region is composed of Romanians, Czechs and Serbs. Most of the localities have a Romanian majority, while Socol, Pojejena, and Sviniţa are majority Serb. The Czech presence is especially in and around Gârnic.

Economy

Notable people
  • Radenko Almažanović (1891–1941), Serbian actor, worked in the Novi Sad theatre.[6]
  • Miodrag Belodedici (born 1964), Romanian retired footballer, won the European cup with Steaua București and Red Star Belgrade (1985, 1990).
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See also

References
  1. Bădescu/Cucu-Oancea/Şişeştean, p. 566:
    În Dicţionarul român-sârb (Jivcovici, 1999, 48), Klisura desemnează ...
  2. A Latin Dictionary, entry: clausura
  3. Vitanos, p. 121
  4. Stojanov 1953, p. 114
  5. Engel 2007, p. 57
  6. Popov/Bašić 1994, p. 109

Sources
  • Walter Engel (2007), Kulturraum Banat: deutsche Kultur in einer europäischen Vielvölkerregion (in German), Klartext, p. 57
  • Pavle Stojanov (1953), Jugoslovenska nacionalna manjina u Rumuniji (in Serbo-Croatian), Kultura, pp. 85–136
  • Александар Станојловић (1938), Банатска Клисура (in Serbian), Петровград (Зрењанин)
  • Dušan Popov; Đorđe Bašić (1994), Enciklopedija Novog Sada, Volume 2 (in Serbian), Novi Sad: Novosadski klub "Dobra vest"
  • Claudiu Alexandru Vitanos, Imaginea Romaniei Prin Turism, Targuri Si Expozitii Universale, in Perioada Interbelica (in Romanian), Editura Mica Valahie
  • Ilie Bădescu; Ozana Cucu-Oancea; Gheorghe Şişeştean, Tratat de Sociologie Rurală (in Romanian), Editura Mica Valahie, p. 566

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