Clavaleyres

Clavaleyres is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

Clavaleyres
Clavaleyres village
Coat of arms
Location of Clavaleyres
Clavaleyres
Clavaleyres
Coordinates: 46°54′N 7°6′E
CountrySwitzerland
CantonBern
DistrictBern-Mittelland
Area
 • Total1.0 km2 (0.4 sq mi)
Elevation
454 m (1,490 ft)
Population
 (2018-12-31)[2]
 • Total46
 • Density46/km2 (120/sq mi)
Postal code
1595
SFOS number0661
Surrounded byCourgevaux (FR), Faoug (VD), Villarepos (FR)
Websitehttp://www.clavaleyres.ch
SFSO statistics

History

Finds of bronze rings imply a settlement in the area during the La Tène era. During the Roman Empire the area was an estate which supplied the nearby city of Aventicum. In the Middle Ages, Clavaleyres was under the lordship of the Münchenwiler Priory. In 1527 the town was acquired by Bern. From 1798 to 1807, the town belonged to the canton of Fribourg, before it was finally returned to the canton of Bern.[3] There have been various attempts to merge the municipality with Münchenwiler, another exclave of the canton of Bern in the nearby area. The proposals have failed because of the opposition of the inhabitants.

Geography
Clavaleyres village and surrounding fields

Clavaleyres has an area of 1 km2 (0.39 sq mi).[4] As of 2012, a total of 0.78 km2 (0.30 sq mi) or 77.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.16 km2 (0.062 sq mi) or 15.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.04 km2 (9.9 acres) or 4.0% is settled (buildings or roads).[5]

During the same year, housing and buildings made up 2.0% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.0%. Out of the forested land, 13.9% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.0% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 54.5% is used for growing crops and 21.8% is pastures.[5]

The municipality is located on the shores of Lake Murten. It forms a German-speaking exclave on the border between the French-speaking Cantons of Fribourg and Vaud. It consists of the village of Clavaleyres and scattered farm houses. The area has lost population in the last century; in 1880 it had a population of 118; today it has only 54 inhabitants.

On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Laupen, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Bern-Mittelland.[6]

On 9 February 2020 the Canton of Fribourg and Canton of Bern voted to allow Clavaleyres to merge with the municipality of Murten in Fribourg. This vote followed an initial affirming vote in Clavaleyres and Murten in autumn 2018. The municipal merger and canton change is expected to take place in early 2022. It will mark the first change in the borders of Canton Fribourg in over 200 years.[7]

Coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Gules a Bear Paw issuant from chief sinister holding a Key Or.[8]

Demographics
Farm house in the municipality

Clavaleyres has a population (as of December 2018) of 46.[9] As of 2010, 4.2% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2001-2011) the population has changed at a rate of -4.2%. Migration accounted for 0%, while births and deaths accounted for -2.1%.[10]

Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (47 or 88.7%) as their first language, French is the second most common (5 or 9.4%) and Polish is the third (1 or 1.9%).[11]

As of 2008, the population was 52.1% male and 47.9% female. The population was made up of 23 Swiss men (47.9% of the population) and 2 (4.2%) non-Swiss men. There were 23 Swiss women (47.9%) and (0.0%) non-Swiss women.[12] Of the population in the municipality, 25 or about 47.2% were born in Clavaleyres and lived there in 2000. There were 16 or 30.2% who were born in the same canton, while 10 or 18.9% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 1 or 1.9% were born outside of Switzerland.[11]

As of 2011, children and teenagers (0-19 years old) make up 21.7% of the population, while adults (20-64 years old) make up 60.9% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 17.4%.[10]

As of 2000, there were 24 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 24 married individuals, 2 widows or widowers and 3 individuals who are divorced.[11]

As of 2010, there were 7 households that consist of only one person and 3 households with five or more people.[13] In 2000, a total of 17 apartments (85.0% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 1 apartment was seasonally occupied and 2 apartments were empty.[14]

The historical population is given in the following chart:[3][15]

Economy
Cattle moving from field to barn in Clavaleyres

As of  2011, Clavaleyres had an unemployment rate of 0%. As of 2008, there were a total of 20 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 20 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 7 businesses involved in this sector. No one was employed in the secondary sector or the tertiary sector.[10] There were 31 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 45.2% of the workforce.

In 2008 there were a total of 13 full-time equivalent jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 13, all of which were in agriculture.[16]

In 2000, there were 16 workers who commuted away from the municipality. A total of 15 workers (93.8% of the 16 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Clavaleyres.[17] Of the working population, 3.2% used public transportation to get to work, and 45.2% used a private car.[10]

In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident of Clavaleyres making 150,000 CHF was 12.8%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 18.8%.[18] For comparison, the average rate for the entire canton in 2006 was 13.9% and the nationwide rate was 11.6%.[19] In 2009 there were a total of 20 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 2 made over 75 thousand CHF per year. The greatest number of workers, 6, made between 50 and 75 thousand CHF per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Clavaleyres was 86,750 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF.[20]

Religion

From the 2000 census, 38 or 71.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church, while 1 or 1.9% was Roman Catholic. Of the rest of the population, there were 24 individuals (or about 45.28% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. 1 (or about 1.89% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 1 individual (or about 1.89% of the population) did not answer the question.[11]

Education

In Clavaleyres about 51.5% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 24.2% have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[10] Of the 11 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 54.5% were Swiss men, 45.5% were Swiss women.[11]

There is no school in the small municipality so the children go to Münchenwiler for school.[3] As of  2000, 7 residents attended schools outside the municipality.[17]

gollark: @⁡everyone I require Minoteaur advice.
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gollark: Detect specifically macroscale bees, obviously.
gollark: Make a bee-or-not classifier for images.
gollark: (base 36)

References
  1. "Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeinden nach 4 Hauptbereichen". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
  2. "Bilanz der ständigen Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Staatsangehörigkeit (Kategorie), Geschlecht und demographischen Komponenten". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  3. Clavaleyres in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  4. Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeindedaten nach 4 Hauptbereichen
  5. Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics 2009 data (in German) accessed 25 March 2010
  6. Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz Archived 2015-11-13 at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 4 April 2011
  7. https://www.srf.ch/news/schweiz/abstimmungen-oberrubrik/abstimmungen/kantone-bern-und-freiburg-berner-gemeinde-clavaleyres-darf-zum-kanton-freiburg-wechseln
  8. Flags of the World.com accessed 28-May-2013
  9. Swiss Federal Statistical Office - STAT-TAB, online database – Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit (in German) accessed 23 September 2019
  10. Swiss Federal Statistical Office Archived January 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine accessed 28 May 2013
  11. STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 Archived April 9, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 2 February 2011
  12. Statistical office of the Canton of Bern (in German) accessed 4 January 2012
  13. Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Haushaltsgrösse Archived October 6, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 8 May 2013
  14. Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen Archived September 7, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 28 January 2011
  15. Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 Archived September 30, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 29 January 2011
  16. Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 Archived December 25, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 28 January 2011
  17. Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb (in German) accessed 24 June 2010
  18. Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Steuerbelastung, 2011 Politische Gemeinden (in German) accessed 15 May 2013
  19. Regionale Disparitäten in der Schweiz - Schlüsselindikatoren Archived June 14, 2013, at the Wayback Machine (in German and French) accessed 15 May 2013
  20. Federal Tax Administration Report Direkte Bundessteuer - Natürliche Personen - Gemeinden - Steuerjahr 2009 Archived October 6, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in German and French) accessed 15 May 2013
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