Alphachrysovirus

Alphachrysovirus is a genus of viruses. It is one of two genera in the family Chrysoviridae.[1] They are in Baltimore Group III (double-stranded RNA viruses) and infect fungi, in particular Penicillium. Their name is derived from the Greek word chrysos which means yellow-green. There are currently 17 species in this genus including the type species Penicillium chrysogenum virus.[2][3]

Alphachrysovirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Duplornaviricota
Class: Chrymotiviricetes
Order: Ghabrivirales
Family: Chrysoviridae
Genus: Alphachrysovirus
Type species
Penicillium chrysogenum virus

Taxonomy

The following species are recognized:[4]

  • Amasya cherry disease associated chrysovirus
  • Anthurium mosaic-associated chrysovirus
  • Aspergillus fumigatus chrysovirus
  • Brassica campestris chrysovirus
  • Colletotrichum gloeosporioides chrysovirus
  • Cryphonectria nitschkei chrysovirus 1
  • Fusarium oxysporum chrysovirus 1
  • Helminthosporium victoriae virus 145S
  • Isaria javanica chrysovirus
  • Macrophomina phaseolina chrysovirus
  • Penicillium brevicompactum virus
  • Penicillium chrysogenum virus
  • Penicillium cyaneofulvum virus
  • Persea americana chrysovirus
  • Raphanus sativus chrysovirus
  • Shuangao insect-associated chrysovirus
  • Verticillium dahliae chrysovirus 1

Structure

Viruses in the genus Alphachrysovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=1, T=2 symmetry. The diameter is around 35-40 nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, around 12.5kbp in length. The genome codes for 4 proteins. The genome has three double stranded RNA segments. All have extended highly conserved terminal sequences at both ends.[2][3]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
AlphachrysovirusIcosahedralT=1Non-envelopedLinearSegmented

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by cell to cell movement. Fungi serve as the natural host.[2][3]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
AlphachrysovirusFungiNoneCytoplasmic exchange; sporogenesis; Hyphal anastomosisCytoplasmic exchange; sporogenesis; Hyphal anastomosisCytoplasmCytoplasmCytoplasmic exchange; sporogenesis; Hyphal anastomosis
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References
  1. Ghabrial, SA; Castón, JR; Coutts, RHA; Hillman, BI; Jiang, D; Kim, DH; Moriyama, H; Ictv Report, Consortium (January 2018). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Chrysoviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 99 (1): 19–20. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.000994. PMC 5882088. PMID 29251589.
  2. "ICTV Online Report Chrysoviridae".
  3. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  4. "Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release". talk.ictvonline.org. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
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