Choápam Zapotec

Choápam Zapotec (Zapoteco de Choápam; in Veracruz Zapoteco de San Juan Comaltepec) is a Zapotec language of Oaxaca, Mexico.

Choápam Zapotec
Native toMexico
Regionnorthern Oaxaca, Veracruz
Native speakers
12,000 (2007)[1]
Oto-Manguean
Language codes
ISO 639-3zpc
Glottologchoa1237[2]

Phonology

Consonants


Stops

[k]*, [g], [p], [b], [t], [d]

* [x] occurs as an allophone of [k].

Sibilant fricatives

[s], [z], [ʃ], [ʒ]

Affricates

[d͡z], [d͡ʒ], [t͡s], [t͡ʃ]

Sonorants

[m], [n], [l], [r]*+

* [r] has the voiceless allophone [ṛ] when in a nasal segment, e.g rná1baˀ2, [ṛnábaˀ] (I ask)

+ The pronunciation of [r] is variable, sometimes pronounced as apico-alveolar and with one to several flaps, with one being the most common.

Others

The glottal stop (as [ˀ]), [j], [w] and [ŋ] are also seen to occur in Choapam Zapotec.

Vowels

[i], [e], [ɛ], [o], [u], [a]

The vowels [i], [u], [a], [e] and [ɛ] are nasalised when followed by 'n' at the end of a word.

Tones

Choapam Zapotec has three pitches, or tones, which are high, mid, and low, indicated respectively by [3] (superscript 3), [2] (superscript 2), and [1] (superscript 1), written after each syllable.[3]

gollark: Also, you would end up with some authority judging all these procedures which is too much power and bad and uncool.
gollark: I disagree. You should be able to if you're just weird like that.
gollark: I mean, on the one hand, you might be slightly less happy due to wearing a helmet, but on the other hand you're less likely to die horribly.
gollark: Safety things mean you're likely to be less hurt by mistakes, thus ENHANCING learning.
gollark: It would be like something which electrocutes you whenever you make a compile error. You don't want to make compile errors in the first place, and making them worse is not very helpful.

References
  1. Choápam Zapotec at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Choapan Zapotec". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. Larry and Rosemary Lyman, Choapan Zapotec Phonology


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