Ceratitoidea

Ceratitoidea; Temporal range: M-U Triassic
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Cephalopoda
Subclass:	†Ammonoidea
Order:	†Ceratitida
Superfamily:	†Ceratitoidea; Mojsisovics (1879)
Families
	Acrochordiceratidae; Balatonitidae; Ceratitidae; Hungaritidae; Keyserlingitidae; Rimkinitidae; Sibiritidae;

Ceratitoidea, formerly Ceratitaceae, is an ammonite superfamily in order Ceratitida characterized in general by highly ornamented or tuberculate shells with ceratitic sutures that may become goniatitic or ammonitic in some offshoots. (Arkell et al. 1962)

Phylo-taxonomy

Ceratites-Plate, fossil sea bottom, Upper Muschelkalk, with Ceratites spec. (mostly), Germanonautilus bidorsatus, Placunopsis spec., Coenothyris spec., and Rhizocorallium commune

The Ceratitoidea, according to the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology (fig. 149, L104) can be divided into the Lower Triassic Hellenitidae, Dinaritidae, Tirolitidae, and Stephanitidae; the essentially lower Middle Triassic Acrochordiceratidae, Beyrichitidae, and Proteusitidae; and the lower Middle and post lower Middle Triassic Ceratitidae and its descendant families.

Families descendent from the Ceratidae are the Aplococeratidae and possibly or coeval, the Balatonitidae, Danubitidae, and Hungaritidae, and from the Hungaritidae, the Carnitidae. Of these the Balatonitidae and Danubitidae are restricted to the Anisian (lower Middle Triassic); the Ceratitidae and Hungaritidae to the Anisian and most of the Lidinian (upper Middle Triassic); the Carnitidae from the lower Lidinian through most of the Carnian (lower Upper Triassic); the Aplococeratidae from the lower Lidinian though most of the Norian (mid Upper Triassic).

Tozer, 1981, defined the Ceratitoidea as containing the Ceratitidae, Acrochordiceratidae, Balatonitidae, and Hungaritidae, as included in the Treatise with the Sibiritidae added from the Noritaceae and the since defined Keyserlingitidae and Rimkinitidae. The Danubitidae and Aplococeratidae are combined in the Danubitaceae; the Lower Triassic Stephanitidae is reassigned to the Noritaceae, the Dinaritidae, Tirolitidae, and Hellenitidae (replaced by the Columbitidae) combined in the Dinaritaceae. The Anisian Beyrichitidae is reduced to a subfamily the Ceratitidae. The Proteusitidae, also Anisian, is reassigned to the Nathorstitaceae.

Derivation and outcome

The Ceratitoidea are derived from the Permo-Scythian (Lower Trias) Xenodisciaceae (also known as the Otocerataceae), through the Dieneroceratidae, which has its origin in the upper Paleozoic prolecanitid Daraelitidae. The Ceratitoidea is also the source for the Arpaditidae and Trachyceratidae, ancestral families for the Clydonitaceae (= Trachyceratitaceae sensu Kümmel 1952).

gollark: ```rustpub struct List<T> { head: Link<T>,}type Link<T> = Option<Box<Node<T>>>;struct Node<T> { elem: T, next: Link<T>,}impl<T> List<T> { pub fn new() -> Self { List { head: None } } pub fn push(&mut self, elem: T) { let new_node = Box::new(Node { elem: elem, next: self.head.take(), }); self.head = Some(new_node); } pub fn pop(&mut self) -> Option<T> { self.head.take().map(|node| { self.head = node.next; node.elem }) }}impl<T> Drop for List<T> { fn drop(&mut self) { let mut cur_link = self.head.take(); while let Some(mut boxed_node) = cur_link { cur_link = boxed_node.next.take(); } }}```

gollark: ... or at all?

gollark: You don't have a thing to efficiently deallocate the list.

gollark: Collections which work on a big chunk of memory or something *do* kind of have to use unsafe, linked lists or (some?) trees mostly don't.

References

Arkell et al.,1962. Mesozoic Ammonoidea. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part L, Ammonoidea. R.C. Moore (ed)
Kümmel, B. 1952. A Classification of the Triassic Ammonoids. Journal of Paleontology, V.26, N.5, pp847–853, Sept. 1952.
Tozer, 1981, in Paleobiology Database

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