CVSO 30

CVSO 30 (PTFO 8-8695) is a binary T Tauri star, located in constellation Orion at 1200 light years from Earth away with two candidate planets (CVSO 30 b and CVSO 30 c). Both candidate planets are gas giants. It is the first star around which potential planets have been found both by the transit method and by direct imaging.

CVSO 30

VLT image of CVSO 30 and its planet, CVSO 30 c
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Orion
Right ascension  05h 25m 07.556s[1]
Declination +01° 34′ 24.349″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) +16.26[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type M3[2]
Variable type T Tau[2]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ) RA: +1.73[1] mas/yr
Dec.: +0.13[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)2.861 ± 0.075[1] mas
Distance1140 ± 30 ly ly
(349.5 ± 9.2[1] pc)
Details
Mass0.39 ± 0.05[2] M☉
Radius1.39[2] R☉
Temperature3740[2] K
Age2.65[3] Myr
Other designations
2MASS J05250755+0134243, PTFO 8-8695
Database references
SIMBADdata

CVSO 30 b is calculated to have a period of 10.76 hours (0.008 AU) and CVSO 30 c a period of 27,000 years (660 AU). Would it exist, the CVSO 30 b would be a hot Jupiter planet orbiting the T Tauri star, with 6.2 Jupiter masses.[4]

Direct imaging of suspected CVSO 30 c, with calculated mass equal to 4.7 Jupiter's, has been achieved through photometric and spectroscopic high contrast observations carried out with the Very Large Telescope located in Chile, the Keck Observatory in Hawaii and the Calar Alto Observatory in Spain.[5] However, the colors of the object suggest that it may actually be a background star, such as a K-type giant or a M-type subdwarf.[6]

By 2020, phase of "dips" caused by suspected planet CVSO 30 b, have drifted nearly 180 degrees from expected value, thus ruling out the existence of planet. Instead, the rare type of stellar starspot activity with very large starspots is now suspected. Also, the CVSO 30 is suspected to be a stellar binary, with the previously reported planetary orbital period equal to the rotation period of companion star.[7]

References
  1. "CVSO 30". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
  2. Van Eyken, Julian C.; Ciardi, David R.; von Braun, Kaspar; Kane, Stephen R.; Plavchan, Peter; Bender, Chad F.; Brown, Timothy M.; Crepp, Justin R.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Howard, Andrew W.; Howell, Steve B.; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Shporer, Avi; Szkody, Paula; Akeson, Rachel L.; Beichman, Charles A.; Boden, Andrew F.; Gelino, Dawn M.; Hoard, D. W.; Ramírez, Solange V.; Rebull, Luisa M.; Stauffer, John R.; Bloom, Joshua S.; Cenko, S. Bradley; Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.; Law, Nicholas M.; Nugent, Peter E.; et al. (2012). "The Ptf Orion Project: A Possible Planet Transiting a T-Tauri Star". The Astrophysical Journal. 755 (1): 42. arXiv:1206.1510. Bibcode:2012ApJ...755...42V. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/755/1/42.
  3. "Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia". Retrieved 15 November 2016.
  4. Schmidt, T. O. B.; Neuhäuser, R.; Briceno, C.; Vogt, N.; Raetz, St.; Seifahrt, A.; Ginski, C.; Mugrauer, M.; Buder, S.; Adam, C.; Hauschildt, P.; Witte, S.; Helling, Ch.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M. (2016). "Direct Imaging discovery of a second planet around the transiting planet host star CVSO 30". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 593: A75. arXiv:1605.05315. Bibcode:2016A&A...593A..75S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526326.
  5. "Amazing Photo Shows Likely Alien Planet 1,200 Light-Years Away". MSN. 21 June 2016. Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  6. Lee, Chien-Hsiu; Chiang, Po-Shih (2018). "Evidence that the Planetary Candidate CVSO30c is a Background Star from Optical, Seeing-limited Data". The Astrophysical Journal. 852 (2): L24. arXiv:1712.08727. Bibcode:2018ApJ...852L..24L. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaa40b.
  7. Koen, C.; Winn, J. N.; Ricker, G. R.; Vanderspek, R.; Latham, D. W.; Seager, S.; Jenkins, J. M.; Barclay, T.; Collins, K. A.; Doty, J. P.; Louie, D. R.; Quinn, S. N.; Rose, M. E.; Smith, J. C.; Villaseñor, J.; Wohler, B. (2020). "Properties of CVSO 30 from TESS measurements: Probably a binary T Tauri star with complex light curves and no obvious planets". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 494 (3): 4349–4356. arXiv:2005.10253. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.494.4349K. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1038.

Further reading

Koen, C. (2015). "Multicolour time series photometry of the T Tauri star CVSO 30". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 450 (4): 3991–3998. Bibcode:2015MNRAS.450.3991K. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv906.

Raetz, St.; Schmidt, T.O.B.; Czesla, S.; Klocová, T.; Holmes, L.; Errmann, R.; Kitze, M.; Fernández, M.; Sota, A.; Briceño, C.; Hernández, J.; Downes, J. J.; Dimitrov, D.P.; Kjurkchieva, D.; Radeva, V.; Wu, Z.-Y.; Zhou, X.; Takahashi, H.; Henych, T.; Seeliger, M.; Mugrauer, M.; Adam, Ch.; Marka, C.; Schmidt, J.G.; Hohle, M.M.; Ginski, Ch.; Pribulla, T.; Trepl, L.; Moualla, M.; et al. (2016). "YETI observations of the young transiting planet candidate CVSO 30 b". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 460 (3): stw1159. arXiv:1605.05091. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.460.2834R. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1159.

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