Brecon transmitting station

The Brecon transmitting station was originally built by the IBA in 1970 as a relay for VHF 405-line analogue television: one of the last 405-line TV stations to be built in Britain. As built, it consisted of a 46 m guyed lattice mast carrying the aerials at the top. This structure was built about 300 m NW of Slwch Tump Iron Age hill fort on the slopes of a 240 m hill known as "The Slwch" overlooking the town. The VHF television feed was provided off-air from Abergavenny, about 25 km to the southeast - itself an off-air relay of St. Hilary near Cardiff.

Brecon
Brecon transmitting station (Powys)
Mast height46 metres (151 ft)
Coordinates51.949179°N 3.377108°W / 51.949179; -3.377108
Grid referenceSO054287
Built1970
Relay ofWenvoe
BBC regionBBC Wales
ITV regionITV Wales

In 1974[1] the site was enhanced to transmit UHF analogue colour television. This caused a 10 m tall cylindrical weather screen containing the UHF antennas to be fitted on top of the existing mast. The UHF television feed came via a three-hop circuitous route from Wenvoe at Cardiff, via Abergavenny repeater itself repeating the Ebbw Vale repeater which repeated Wenvoe!

The 405-line VHF television service closed across the UK in 1985, but according to the IBA's transmitter list[2] and the BBC's internal "Eng. Inf." magazine,[3] Brecon was due to close early - in the third quarter of 1982.

The station does not radiate VHF FM radio, this comes from a different site at Pencrug Farm a few km to the west.[4]

Currently, the hill's transmitters provide UHF digital terrestrial TV, mostly to the town of Brecon and its immediate environs. The transmission station is currently owned and operated by Arqiva.

Freeview digital terrestrial TV was not available from this transmitter before the digital switchover process began at Wenvoe, with the first stage taking place on 31 March 2010. The second stage was completed on 27 April 2010.[5]

Channels listed by frequency

Analogue television

30 April 1970 - 25 January 1974

Brecon transmitter initially provided ITV 405-line VHF television to the upper Usk valley area which is strongly shielded by local hills from both the St. Hilary transmitter just to the west of Cardiff and from the Abergavenny relay transmitter further down the river.

Frequency VHF kW Service
189.75 MHz 8 0.1 HTV Wales

25 January 1974 - Third Quarter 1982

625-line UHF television in colour came to Brecon. This was with the station acting as an indirect off-air relay of Wenvoe.

Frequency VHF UHF kW Service
189.75 MHz 8 — 0.1 HTV Wales
767.25 MHz — 58 1 BBC One Wales
791.25 MHz — 61 1 ITV1 Wales
815.25 MHz — 64 1 BBC Two Wales

Third Quarter 1982 - 31 March 2010

The 405-line VHF TV service was shut down after a mere 12 years of service. From then onwards TV transmissions were on UHF only. Channel 4 launched across the UK on 1 November 1982. Brecon (being in Wales) transmitted the S4C variant.

Frequency UHF kW Service
735.25 MHz 54 1 S4C
767.25 MHz 58 1 BBC One Wales
791.25 MHz 61 1 ITV1 Wales (HTV Wales until 2002)
815.25 MHz 64 1 BBC Two Wales

Analogue and digital television

31 March 2010 - 27 April 2010

The UK's digital switchover commenced at Brecon on 31 March 2010. Analogue BBC Two Wales on channel 64 was first to close, and ITV Wales was moved from channel 61 to channel 64 for its last month of service. The new BBC A mux started up in 64-QAM and at full power (i.e. 200 W) on channel 61 which had just been vacated.

Frequency UHF kW Operator System
735.25 MHz 54 1 S4C PAL System I
767.25 MHz 58 1 BBC One Wales PAL System I
794.000 MHz 61 0.2 BBC A DVB-T
815.25 MHz 64 1 ITV1 Wales PAL System I

Digital television

27 April 2010 - 12 March 2013

The remaining three analogue TV services were closed down. Digital multiplexes took over their original frequencies at full power and in 64-QAM encoding mode from the start. Channel 64 was deliberately not reused as part of the Europe-wide tactic of clearing Band V above 800 MHz so as to make space for future 4G mobile phone services.[6]

Frequency UHF kW Operator
738.000 MHz 54 0.2 Digital 3&4
770.000 MHz 58 0.2 BBC B
794.000 MHz 61 0.2 BBC A

13 March 2013 - 14 May 2019

OFCOM have announced that channel 61 is also to be cleared so as to make space for future 4G mobile phone services.[7] At Brecon, BBC A will be moved to channel 49.[8]

Frequency UHF kW Operator
698.000 MHz 49 0.2 BBC A
738.000 MHz 54 0.2 Digital 3&4
770.000 MHz 58 0.2 BBC B

15 May 2019 to present

Due to the 700 MHz Clearance Programme, Brecon now uses the following channels:

Frequency UHF kW Operator
562.000 MHz 32 0.2 BBC A
578.000 MHz 34 0.2 Digital 3&4
586.000 MHz 35 0.2 BBC B
gollark: I do sometimes use it. Also what ubq said.
gollark: Well, I dislike Google for obvious privacy reasons.
gollark: Such as, why does Firefox think octillion isn't a real word?
gollark: I have, in general, several octillion questions.
gollark: gnobody

References
  1. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 31 May 2014. Retrieved 9 February 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 13 August 2012. Retrieved 15 November 2013.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2009. Retrieved 3 April 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. "The FM radio transmitter for Brecon". mb21. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
  5. "Freeview on Brecon TV transmitter". ukfree.tv. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
  6. Bryant, Martin (15 February 2012). "EU States Must Allow 4G on Analogue TV Spectrum". The Next Web. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  7. "4G changes to relay transmitters - list of C61 and C62 shifts". UK Free TV. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
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