Bothriembryon

Bothriembryon is a genus of tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Bothriembryontidae.[4]

Bothriembryon
Bothriembryon dux shell
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Superorder: Eupulmonata
Order: Stylommatophora
Informal group: Sigmurethra
Superfamily: Orthalicoidea
Family: Bothriembryontidae
Genus: Bothriembryon
Pilsbry, 1894[1]
Diversity[2]
43 species,
36 extant species,
7 fossil species
Synonyms[3]
  • Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) Pilsbry, 1894
  • Bothriembryon (Tasmanembryon) Breure, 1979
  • Bulimus (Liparus) Albers, 1850
  • Celatembryon Iredale, 1939
  • Hartogembryon Iredale, 1933
  • Larapintembryon Iredale, 1933
  • Liparus Albers, 1850 (invalid: junior homonym of Liparus Olivier, 1807 [Coleoptera]; Bothriembryon is a replacement name)
  • Satagembryon Iredale, 1933

B. J. Smith (1992)[5] made the last review of the genus summarizing all known data.[6]

Distribution

The land snail genus Bothriembryon is endemic to Australia but forms part of the Gondwanan element in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.[6] Bothriembryon species are mostly patchy in their distribution.[6]

Taxonomy

This genus was classified with the Bulimulidae by Pilsbry (1900),[7] Breure (1979)[8] and by B. J. Smith (1992).[5][6]

It was classified in tribe Bulimulini, in subfamily Bulimulinae within the family Orthalicidae according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.[9]

Breure et al. (2010)[10] moved Bothriembryon to Placostylidae.[10]

Breure & Romero (2012)[4] confirmed previous results from 2010 and they renamed Placostylidae to Bothriembryontidae.[4]

Species

Species within the genus Bothriembryon include:

  • Bothriembryon angasianus (Pfeiffer, 1864)[6]
  • Bothriembryon balteolus Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon barretti Iredale, 1930[6]
  • Bothriembryon bradshaweri Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon brazieri (Angas, 1871)[6]
  • Bothriembryon bulla (Menke, 1843)[6]
  • † Bothriembryon consors Kendrick, 1978[6]
  • Bothriembryon costulatus (Lamarck, 1822)[6]
  • † Bothriembryon douglasi Kendrick, 1978[6]
  • Bothriembryon dux (Pfeiffer, 1861)[6]
  • Bothriembryon esperantia Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon fuscus Thiele, 1930[6]
  • † Bothriembryon gardneri Kendrick, 1978[6]
  • Bothriembryon glauerti Iredale, 1939[6]
  • † Bothriembryon gunnii (Sowerby II in Strzelecki, 1845)[6]
  • Bothriembryon indutus (Menke, 1843)[6]
  • Bothriembryon irvineanus Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon jacksoni Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon kendricki Hill, Johnson & Merrifield, 1983[6]
  • Bothriembryon kingii (J. E. Gray, 1825)[6]
  • † Bothriembryon kremnobates Kendrick, 2005[6]
  • Bothriembryon leeuwinensis (E. A. Smith, 1894)[6]
  • Bothriembryon mastersi (Cox, 1867)[6]
  • Bothriembryon melo (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)[6] - synonym: Bothriembryon inflatus castaneus Pilsbry 1900[6]
  • Bothriembryon naturalistarum Kobelt, 1901[6]
  • Bothriembryon notatus Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon onslowi (Cox, 1864)[6]
  • Bothriembryon perditus Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon perobesus Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon praecelcus Iredale, 1939[6]
  • † Bothriembryon praecursor McMichael, 1968[6]
  • Bothriembryon revectus Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon rhodostomus (J. E. Gray, 1834)[6]
  • Bothriembryon richeanus Iredale, 1939[6]
  • † Bothriembryon ridei Kendrick, 1978[6]
  • Bothriembryon sayi (Pfeiffer, 1847)[6]
  • Bothriembryon sedgwicki Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon serpentinus Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon sophiarum Whisson & Breure, 2016[2]
  • Bothriembryon spenceri (Tate, 1894)[6]
  • Bothriembryon tasmanicus (Pfeiffer, 1853)[6]
  • Bothriembryon whitleyi Iredale, 1939[6]
  • Bothriembryon gratwicki Cox, 1899 - the taxonomic status of this species status is unclear[6]
gollark: But they could *understand* it, presumably.
gollark: No, I mean imply specific rules or at least approximations for "is something in this area or not".
gollark: That seems vaguely defined and may also imply grammar rules still, if significantly weaker ones than usual.
gollark: Thus, is an English sentence valid Lojban because the speakers understand it too?
gollark: I'd expect that a large fraction of Lojban speakers also speak English, though.

References

This article incorporates CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference[6]

  1. Pilsbry H. A. (1894). The Nautilus 8: 36.
  2. Whisson C. S. & Breure A. S. H. (2016). "A new species of Bothriembryon (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Bothriembryontidae) from south-eastern Western Australia". ZooKeys 581: 127-140. doi:10.3897/zookeys.581.8044.
  3. MolluscaBase (2018). Helicina. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=994701 on 2018-02-22
  4. Breure A. S. H. & Romero P. (2012). "Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde: International Journal of Malacology 141(1): 1-20. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/001-020.
  5. Smith B. J. (1992) "Non-marine Mollusca". In: Houston W. W. K. (Ed). Zoological Catalogue of Australia, 8. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, xii + 405 pp.
  6. Breure A. S. H. & Whisson C. S. (2012) "Annotated type catalogue of Bothriembryon (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in Australian museums, with a compilation of types in other museums". ZooKyes 194: 41-80. doi:10.3897/zookeys.194.2721.
  7. Pilsbry H. A. (1900). Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Second series: Pulmonata. Volume 13. Australasian Bulimulidae: Bothriembryon, Placostylus. Helicidae: Amphidromus. 253 pp., 72 plates.
  8. Breure A.S. H. (1979) "Systematics, phylogeny and zoogeography of Bulimulinae (Mollusca)". Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden 168: 1-215.
  9. Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks. 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
  10. Breure A. S. H., Groenenberg D. S. J. & Schilthuizen M. (2010). "New insights in the phylogenetic relations within the Orthalicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora) based on 28S sequence data". Basteria 74(1-3): 25-31.
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