Biryulka

Biryulka (Russian: Бирю́лька) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kachugsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Lena River near its headwaters northwest of Lake Baikal.

Biryulka Бирюлька
Selo[1]
Location of Biryulka
Biryulka Location of Biryulka Show map of Russia Biryulka Biryulka (Irkutsk Oblast) Show map of Irkutsk Oblast
Coordinates: 53°50′21″N 106°23′39″E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Irkutsk Oblast
Administrative district	Kachugsky District[1]
Founded	1668[2]
Elevation	548 m (1,798 ft)
Municipal status
• Municipal district	Kachugsky Municipal District[3]
• Rural settlement	Biryulskoye Rural Settlement[3]
• Capital of	Biryulskoye Rural Settlement[3]
Time zone	UTC+8 (MSK+5 [4])
Postal code(s)[5]	666220
Dialing code(s)	+7 39540[6]
OKTMO ID	25618407101

Ice bridge in the selo of Biryulka Ледовая переправа через Лену в селе Бирюлька
Coordinates	53°52′07″N 106°19′37″E
Carries	Automotive, foot
Crosses	Lena River
Locale	Biryulka, Kachugsky District, Irkutsk Oblast, Russia
Characteristics
Design	Ice platform[7]
Material	Ice[7]
Piers in water	0[7]
Load limit	20 tonnes[7]
Clearance above	0[7]
History
Opened	Every winter[7]
Closed	Every spring

Lena River from a source to Kachug
Anonymous lake Tyrka Uhta 2nd Uhta 1st Pankukcha Shevukan Negnedai Anai River Anai Alilei Chanchur River Chanchur Kurungui Ilikta Kurungui River Maliy Tarel Birulka Ice bridge Birulka River Ushina Zhuya Bolshoi Kosogol Manzurka Khalsk R 148 Bolshiye Goly Iset R 148

Etymology

Biryulka is named after the small Bira River, the name of which in turn comes from an Evenk word.

History

In 1688, sixteen peasant families settled here.[2] The founders were Stepan Alexandrovich and Mikhail Kostyakov. The Yakutsk stavlenik Onichkov allocated them an average of 1 arpent (0.34 ha) per family. It seems that seven of these families were exiles and nine were of freed serfs. The population increased quickly through natural increase and immigration. Other villages developed in the area around Biryulka. Biryulskaya Volost, subordinate to Yakutsk, was eventually established.[2] In 1696, the inhabitants of Biryulka staged a revolt led by Pavel Khaletsky.[8]

At the beginning of the 20th century, well-known archeologist Alexey Okladnikov went to school here, but later moved to the selo of Anga where he finished secondary school in 1925.[8][9] One of the streets in Biryulka is named after him.

One of the battles of the Great Siberian Ice March, a retreat of the White Army east across Lake Baikal, took place near Biryulka in 1920.[10]

A number of inhabitants were arrested during the Great Purge.[11]

Politics

Municipally, Biryulka is the administrative center of the Biryulskoye Rural Settlement in Kachugsky Municipal District, the head of which is Tatyana Sergeyeva, of the United Russia party who was elected in October 2009.[12]

Economy and infrastructure

Biryulka is well known for the manufacture of shallow-draft river boats called shitiks, which have been used on the upper Lena for centuries.[13]

Near Biryulka is the archaeological site of Mokrushinsky burial ground. Work has been conducted since the 1980s, in part by students and archeologists.[14]

In 2006, a volunteer fire department was organized with its own fire-engine and a water tower.[15]

In winter, there is a winter road with an ice-bridge across the Lena River. This is the uppermost crossing of the Lena.[7]

References

1. Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 25 218 807», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 25 218 807, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
2. Энциклопедия «Качугский район от А до Я» (in Russian)
3. Law #71-oz
4. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
5. Russian Post. Biryulka Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
6. "Главная /Россия /Бирюлька, Ирк. обл. /". komandirovka.ru. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
7. В Качугском районе открылись ледовые переправы через р.Лену. Transport (in Russian). Federation news. 2006-12-11. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
8. Larichev, V. (1998). Объять необъятное!. "Наука в Сибири" (in Russian). Retrieved September 19, 2012.
9. Окладников Алексей Павлович. warheroes.ru/ (in Russian). Retrieved September 19, 2012.
10. Ледяной поход 3-го Барнаульского стрелкового полка (Северный путь) (in Russian). Тернистый путь. Однодневная газета. 1 февраля 1921 г. Издание Владивостокского объединенного комитета по устройству недели каппелевцев. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
11. Списки жертв (in Russian). memo.ru. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
12. В Бирюльке появилась своя дума. Politic (in Russian). Irkutsk, Russia: Independent news agency - Baikal. 2009-10-14. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
13. Ivanova, Maria (2007). Реа Лена: От истока до устья. Якутск вечерний (in Russian). Retrieved 2009-11-04.
14. Археологическое объединение учащихся ЦДЮТиК (in Russian). ЦДЮТиК. 2003. Archived from the original on 2011-10-09. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
15. Добровольно вызвались идти в огонь. News and Events (in Russian). 0-1.ru. 2007-06-17. Archived from the original on 2011-09-02. Retrieved 2009-11-08.

External links

• "Building the Ice Bridge Over the Lena River". Video (in Dutch). YouTube. Retrieved November 20, 2009.